Analisis Metodologi Studi Islam terhadap Fundamentalisme vs Radikalisme | Asep Maulana Rohimat,M.S.I

Summary

In this lecture, Asep Maulana Rohimat from UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta explains the distinction between fundamentalism and radicalism within the context of Islamic studies. He highlights how misconceptions about Islam, particularly after the 9/11 attacks, have led to radicalism being wrongly associated with the religion. Fundamentally, fundamentalism is about returning to the core teachings of Islam, based on the Quran, Sunnah, and ijtihad (scholarly interpretation), whereas radicalism involves violent and unlawful actions. Maulana stresses the importance of understanding these terms accurately to avoid the dangerous path of radicalism while embracing the positive aspects of fundamentalism.

Takeaways

• 😀 Islam, when studied with incorrect methodologies, can lead to radicalism. It's crucial to understand these concepts thoroughly, especially for the younger generation.
• 😀 Fundamentalism and radicalism are distinct concepts. Fundamentalism refers to a return to core Islamic principles, while radicalism involves extremist actions and ideas.
• 😀 The tragic 9/11 incident, blamed on radical Islamic groups, led to negative perceptions of Islam worldwide, which is an incorrect association with terrorism.
• 😀 Radicalism is often driven by socio-political issues, such as economic inequality, social injustice, and interfaith conflicts, leading people to adopt extreme ideologies.
• 😀 Fundamentalism in Islam is about returning to the basic principles: faith (Iman), practice (Islam), and morality (Ihsan), rooted in the Qur'an and Hadith.
• 😀 Radicalism, although sometimes philosophical in nature, becomes dangerous when it leads to violent actions, like terrorism or social disruption, violating laws and norms.
• 😀 Terms like literalism, revivalism, and radicalism are part of a broader discourse on returning to religious roots, but the way these ideologies are practiced can determine their impact.
• 😀 Literalism refers to strictly adhering to religious texts without context or flexibility, which can lead to misinterpretations and extremism in any religion.
• 😀 Revivalism seeks to return to a past era of religious or societal glory, but it can be problematic if pursued through violent or unlawful means.
• 😀 Islam, when practiced correctly, calls for peace, safety, and unity. It does not support terrorism or violence in any form, and fundamentalism should be approached with proper methodologies.

Q & A

What is the key distinction between fundamentalisme and radikalisme in Islam?

Fundamentalisme refers to the return to the core principles of Islam based on the Quran, Sunnah, and the ijtihad of scholars, aiming for solutions grounded in Islamic teachings. Radikalisme, on the other hand, involves the pursuit of social change through extreme, often violent means, violating laws and regulations.

Why is it important to differentiate between fundamentalisme and radikalisme?

It's important because fundamentalisme is a legitimate effort to return to the foundational teachings of Islam, while radikalisme can lead to harmful actions that contradict the peaceful teachings of Islam and violate laws.

What event in 2001 is mentioned as a key factor in the global perception of Islam?

The 2001 September 11 attacks in the United States, which were claimed by terrorist groups, led to a negative association between Islam and terrorism in the international community.

What is the role of ijtihad in addressing contemporary issues in Islam?

Ijtihad, or independent scholarly interpretation, is crucial in applying Islamic teachings to modern problems that may not be explicitly addressed in the Quran or Hadith, ensuring that Islamic law remains relevant in contemporary contexts.

How does the concept of 'literalisme' differ from radikalisme?

Literalisme refers to the desire to strictly adhere to the texts of the Quran and Hadith without interpretation, while radikalisme involves taking extreme actions based on such beliefs, often in violation of laws and social norms.

What is 'revivalisme' and how does it relate to Islam?

Revivalisme is a movement aimed at returning to a past golden age or glory, often idealizing historical periods. In the Islamic context, it involves the desire to revive past Islamic achievements, which can be done either constructively or destructively depending on the approach.

What does the term 'fundamentalisme' imply in the context of Islam?

In the Islamic context, fundamentalisme refers to a movement that seeks to return to the core teachings of Islam, focusing on strong faith (iman), correct practice of Islamic law (Islam), and proper ethics (ihsan), grounded in the Quran, Sunnah, and scholarly interpretation.

How is Islamic fundamentalisme different from radicalism?

Islamic fundamentalisme aims to restore the original, foundational practices of Islam in a lawful and peaceful manner, while radicalism often involves violent or illegal actions to enforce one's beliefs, which contradicts Islamic principles of peace.

What is the role of education in combating radicalism according to the script?

Education, particularly in institutions like UIN, plays a crucial role in teaching the fundamental, peaceful aspects of Islam. By studying the true essence of Islam, students can distinguish between legitimate fundamentalism and harmful radicalism.

How does the Indonesian law approach the issue of radicalism and terrorism?

Indonesia's legal framework, including the 2018 revision of the anti-terrorism law, emphasizes national readiness, counter-radicalization, and deradicalization efforts. These initiatives aim to prevent and address radicalism through legal and educational means, promoting peace and adherence to laws.