DevOps for Freshers | Bài 4: Các lệnh Linux thông dụng | DevOps cho người mới bắt đầu

Summary

This tutorial walks through essential Linux commands for effective system navigation and file management. It covers basic commands like `pwd`, `cd`, `ls`, and `mkdir`, as well as file operations such as creating, deleting, copying, and moving files. The video introduces powerful tools like `echo`, `tail`, `history`, and `sudo` for advanced tasks like viewing log files in real-time and managing system permissions. Practical examples demonstrate how to use these commands in everyday system administration and project workflows. Ideal for beginners, the tutorial lays a strong foundation for using Linux in real-world projects.

Takeaways

• 😀 Use the 'pwd' command to display the current working directory in Linux.
• 😀 The 'whoami' command helps you identify the current logged-in user.
• 😀 Navigate between directories using the 'cd' command (e.g., 'cd /home' or 'cd /var').
• 😀 The 'ls' command lists directory contents. Use '-l' for detailed views and '-a' to show hidden files.
• 😀 Create directories with 'mkdir' and files with 'touch'. For example, 'mkdir data' and 'touch file.txt'.
• 😀 Delete files or directories using the 'rm' command, with '-r' for directories and '-f' to force deletion without confirmation.
• 😀 To copy directories and files, use the 'cp' command. Add '-r' for recursive copying of directories.
• 😀 Move or rename files and directories with the 'mv' command.
• 😀 Display content of a file using the 'cat' command and manipulate output with the 'echo' command (e.g., to write to files).
• 😀 The 'tail' command displays the last few lines of a file, and 'tail -f' allows you to follow real-time file updates.
• 😀 The 'sudo' command executes actions with superuser privileges, useful for system-level tasks like file copying to restricted directories.

Q & A

What does the command `pwd` do in Linux?

The `pwd` command in Linux stands for 'print working directory.' It displays the current directory you are working in.

How can you determine which user is logged in using the terminal?

You can use the `whoami` command to find out which user is currently logged in to the terminal.

What is the purpose of the `cd` command?

The `cd` command is used to change the current directory in the terminal. You can specify the directory you want to move to after the command.

How can you list the contents of a directory?

You can list the contents of a directory using the `ls` command. For example, `ls /home` will list the files and folders in the /home directory.

What is the difference between `ls` and `ls -l`?

`ls` lists the contents of a directory in a simple format, while `ls -l` lists them in long format, showing detailed information such as permissions, owner, size, and modification date.

What does the `ls -a` option do?

The `ls -a` option shows all files in a directory, including hidden files (those that start with a dot).

How can you create a new directory in Linux?

To create a new directory, you can use the `mkdir` command followed by the name of the directory. For example, `mkdir new_directory` will create a directory named 'new_directory'.

What does the command `rm -r` do?

`rm -r` is used to remove a directory and its contents recursively. Without the `-r` flag, the `rm` command can only delete files, not directories.

How do you copy a directory in Linux?

To copy a directory, you use the `cp` command with the `-r` flag for recursive copy. For example, `cp -r source_directory destination_directory` will copy the entire source directory to the destination.

What is the purpose of the `sudo` command?

The `sudo` command allows you to execute commands with administrative (root) privileges. This is useful for tasks that require elevated permissions, such as modifying system files or installing software.