REPORTED SPEECH - PENGGUNAAN DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH - RUMUS DAN CONTOH

Summary

In this video, the presenter explains the concepts of direct and indirect speech (reported speech), highlighting their definitions and key differences. Direct speech involves quoting someone’s exact words, while indirect speech paraphrases their statement. The video provides examples of both forms and outlines specific rules for converting between them, covering commands, statements, and questions. Additionally, it discusses the necessary tense changes during conversion and how time expressions transform in reported speech. This comprehensive guide serves as a valuable resource for learners to understand and apply these essential grammar concepts.

Takeaways

• 😀 Direct speech conveys the exact words of the speaker without alteration.
• 😀 Indirect speech reports what someone else has said without quoting them directly.
• 😀 The conjunction 'that' is used to connect reported statements in indirect speech.
• 😀 For commands in direct speech, the word 'to' is added in the indirect version.
• 😀 Prohibitions in direct speech change to include 'not' in the indirect form.
• 😀 In indirect speech, the verb tense typically shifts back, such as present to past.
• 😀 Time expressions in direct speech need to be adjusted when converted to indirect speech.
• 😀 The question word remains in the indirect version when converting questions.
• 😀 The change from direct to indirect speech often includes a change in pronouns.
• 😀 Understanding the rules of conversion between direct and indirect speech is essential for effective communication.

Q & A

What is direct speech?

Direct speech refers to the exact words spoken by a speaker without any alteration. It is presented in quotation marks.

How is indirect speech defined?

Indirect speech, or reported speech, conveys what someone else said without quoting their exact words, often involving modifications to the original statement.

Can you provide an example of direct speech?

An example of direct speech is: 'Udin said, "I'm hungry."'

How would you convert the direct speech 'Udin said, "I'm hungry"' into indirect speech?

In indirect speech, it would be: 'Udin said that he was hungry.'

What changes occur when converting commands from direct to indirect speech?

When converting commands, the word 'to' is added before the reported speech. For example, 'Dinda said, "Open the door"' becomes 'Dinda asked me to open the door.'

How do you change prohibitions from direct to indirect speech?

Prohibitions are changed by using 'not to.' For instance, 'Dinda said, "Don't open the door"' becomes 'Dinda told me not to open the door.'

What is the rule for changing tenses when converting direct speech to indirect speech?

Tenses generally shift back one step when moving from direct to indirect speech. For example, present simple changes to past simple, and present continuous changes to past continuous.

How is the phrase 'I will go to Lampung' transformed into indirect speech?

It becomes: 'Khansa said that she would go to Lampung.'

What is the significance of changing time references in indirect speech?

Changing time references helps clarify the context of the statement being reported. For example, 'today' in direct speech becomes 'that day' in indirect speech.

Can you provide an example of a question being transformed from direct to indirect speech?

An example is: 'Mr. Ali asked, "Where do you live?"' which becomes 'Mr. Ali asked where I lived.'