Ini Yang Terjadi Jika PKI Berkuasa

Summary

This video explores the history of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and its influence during three key periods: 1926, 1948, and 1965. It reflects on the rise of communism in Indonesia, including its leaders like Musso and DN Aidit, and how their ideologies shaped PKI's trajectory. The video also speculates on what might have happened if the PKI had succeeded in taking control in 1965, comparing the potential political system to Soviet or Chinese communism. It emphasizes the challenges PKI would have faced, including resistance from military, nationalist, and Islamic groups.

Takeaways

• 📜 The transcript discusses a speech by Joseph Stalin on October 14, 1952, where he thanked supporters of the Soviet Communist Congress.
• 🧐 The video analyzes the potential scenario of communism taking over Indonesia and whether the country would follow the Stalinist model.
• 📖 The script highlights three key periods in the history of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI): 1926, 1948, and 1965, each marked by different revolutionary efforts.
• 🤝 The early PKI movement in 1926, influenced by figures like Semaoen and Tan Malaka, aimed to infiltrate indigenous organizations such as Sarekat Islam.
• 🛠️ Musso's return from the Soviet Union in 1948 brought a new direction for PKI, advocating for a proletarian revolution and merging three communist factions.
• 🛑 The 1948 Madiun rebellion, influenced by Musso, was a significant event that led to his death and reshaped the party's direction.
• 🌾 DN Aidit became a prominent leader of PKI in the 1950s, aligning with Sukarno's nationalist policies and growing the party into a major political force by 1955.
• 🇨🇳 Aidit's ties with China are emphasized, including his discussions with Mao Zedong regarding Indonesia's political future.
• 🛡️ The potential for Indonesia to become a communist state, if PKI had succeeded in 1965, is questioned, especially considering Aidit's pragmatic political strategies.
• 🚫 The transcript raises uncertainty about how PKI would handle religious freedom, suggesting a potential conflict if the party had tried to suppress religion.

Q & A

Who is the primary historical figure discussed in the video transcript?

The video primarily discusses Joseph Stalin, a prominent leader of the Soviet Union, focusing on his role as a leader of the Communist Party and his impact on the Soviet Union's development.

What is the main topic of debate presented in the transcript regarding Indonesia?

The transcript explores the hypothetical scenario of what Indonesia might have become if the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) had taken power, comparing the potential outcome to Stalin's Soviet Union or other communist models.

How is Stalin's leadership style characterized in the transcript?

Stalin's leadership is described as authoritarian and brutal, with an estimate of over 20 million deaths under his regime. He is portrayed as a strong figure in the context of communist power.

What are the three key periods of PKI’s struggle mentioned in the transcript?

The three key periods mentioned are the 1926 rebellion, the 1948 Madiun incident, and the events leading up to the 1965 coup attempt, each marking significant phases in the PKI’s history.

Who were some of the key figures in the early development of communism in Indonesia?

Key figures included Semaun, Tan Malaka, and Darsono, who were involved in shaping the communist movement in Indonesia through the Sarekat Islam and other organizations.

What major event did Muso lead upon returning from the Soviet Union?

Muso led the 1948 Madiun rebellion, promoting a new revolutionary path for Indonesia based on Soviet principles, which ultimately led to his death during the conflict.

How did DN Aidit differ in his approach to communism compared to earlier PKI leaders?

DN Aidit took a more pragmatic approach, aligning the PKI with Sukarno’s nationalist government and advocating for a broader coalition of workers, peasants, and intellectuals to build the party’s influence.

What was the relationship between the PKI and China during DN Aidit's leadership?

Aidit had a close relationship with China, meeting Mao Zedong and aligning the PKI with Chinese communist ideology, particularly before the events of 1965.

What might have been Indonesia's political structure if the PKI had succeeded in taking power in 1965?

If the PKI had succeeded, Indonesia might have become a single-party communist state with a centralized political and economic system, potentially modeled after China rather than the Soviet Union.

What is the stance of the PKI on religion, as discussed in the transcript?

While communism generally views religion as harmful, DN Aidit, who had a religious background, did not overtly promote the banning of religion, recognizing the potential for a civil war if such a policy were enforced.

Outlines

00:00

🔍 Stalin's Influence and Its Potential Impact on Indonesia

This paragraph discusses a historical speech by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, referencing his authoritarian rule and its relevance in the context of Indonesia. It raises the question of whether Indonesia would have experienced a similar regime had communism, specifically the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), succeeded in taking power. The narrative explores the possibility of a 'Stalin-like' rule in Indonesia, referencing the violent nature of Stalin's regime and connecting it to Indonesia’s political history, particularly the communist movements in 1965.

05:03

📚 The Evolution of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI)

The paragraph outlines the history and evolution of the PKI, emphasizing three major periods: the failed rebellion of 1926, the revolution of 1948 under Muso, and the events of 1965. It details the party's Marxist foundations, connections with global communist movements, and its changing tactics over time. Figures such as Henk Sneevliet, Tan Malaka, and Semaun are mentioned for their roles in the early PKI, with attention given to how these influences shaped the party's direction and strategy, including its relationship with the Soviet Union and aspirations for a communist state.

10:03

🛤️ Muso's Return and the 'New Path' for Indonesian Communism

This section discusses the return of Muso from the Soviet Union in 1948, where he introduced a new approach to Indonesian communism, influenced by Soviet ideologies. Muso proposed the formation of a single labor party and criticized the bourgeois revolutionaries dominating the struggle for independence. He advocated a new government structure, leading to the Madiun affair and his eventual death. The paragraph further contrasts Muso’s revolutionary approach with the Soviet-influenced ideology he brought back, showing the divergence in the PKI’s methods across different eras.

🏛️ DN Aidit and the Rise of the PKI in the 1950s

This paragraph covers the rise of DN Aidit in the post-1948 period, emphasizing how he restructured the PKI into a major political force. Aidit’s leadership is marked by a close alliance with Sukarno and the adoption of a more pragmatic political approach, which helped the PKI grow into the fourth-largest party by the 1955 elections. It also explores Aidit's ideological approach, which rejected rigid Marxist dogma and adapted communism to Indonesia’s political and social realities. His strategies included seeking alliances with peasants and the nationalist bourgeoisie to strengthen the party's influence.

⚖️ The Hypothetical Communist Future of Indonesia

The paragraph speculates on the possible outcomes if the PKI had succeeded in seizing power in Indonesia. It suggests that, rather than following the Soviet model under Stalin, Indonesia might have adopted a system more similar to China’s communism under Mao, given DN Aidit’s close ties to China. The discussion highlights the challenges the PKI would have faced, including opposition from Islamic and nationalist groups, as well as the military. The party’s pragmatic stance, such as their official avoidance of violent means, is noted, though a centralized and authoritarian state like China’s is seen as a likely result.

🛑 PKI's Struggles with Religion and the Unanswered Questions

This final paragraph touches on the potential religious conflicts that would have arisen had the PKI come to power, considering the party's stance on religion. While communism traditionally opposes religion, DN Aidit, who came from a religious background, expressed respect for religious freedom, making the issue a complex and unresolved one. The text suggests that an outright ban on religion could have led to a civil war in Indonesia. The paragraph concludes by inviting viewers to reflect on what could have happened if the PKI had taken control, acknowledging the limitations of speculating on history.

Keywords

💡Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953. In the video, Stalin is presented as a symbol of the harsh, centralized power of communism, particularly in the context of the Soviet state. The video uses Stalin's example to explore whether Indonesia would have followed a similar authoritarian path had the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) succeeded in gaining power.

💡Communism

Communism is a political and economic ideology aiming for a classless society where the means of production are owned collectively. In the video, communism is discussed in relation to Indonesia's political history, particularly through the lens of the PKI. The video's exploration of communism ties back to the question of how Indonesia might have developed if the PKI had succeeded, and whether it would have resembled Stalin's Soviet Union or followed another model.

💡PKI (Indonesian Communist Party)

The PKI (Partai Komunis Indonesia) was the largest communist party in Indonesia. The video outlines its history, key leaders, and ideological shifts, particularly focusing on the periods of rebellion in 1926, 1948, and 1965. The discussion of the PKI serves as a central theme for speculating on what might have happened if the PKI had successfully taken power in Indonesia.

💡Muso

Muso was a key leader in the PKI who returned from the Soviet Union with a new vision for the party's direction. His influence led to the 'New Path' for Indonesia, advocating for a stronger connection with the Soviet model of communism. Muso's return to Indonesia and his role in the Madiun rebellion of 1948 are critical moments discussed in the video to illustrate the PKI's evolving ideology and tactics.

💡Revolution of 1965

The Revolution of 1965 refers to the political and social upheaval in Indonesia that led to the mass killings of communists and the eventual fall of the PKI. This event is used in the video to question what Indonesia might have looked like if the PKI had succeeded in taking control, asking whether the country would have followed a Soviet-style model or developed its own version of communism.

💡Soviet Union

The Soviet Union was a socialist state that existed from 1922 to 1991, often seen as the global leader of communism. In the video, the Soviet Union serves as a comparative model for imagining what Indonesia might have become under communist rule. The script debates whether Indonesia would have followed Stalinist or Maoist principles, had the PKI succeeded.

💡Nasakom

Nasakom stands for Nasionalisme, Agama, and Komunisme (Nationalism, Religion, and Communism), a political concept used by President Sukarno to unite various factions in Indonesia. In the video, Nasakom is highlighted as a key strategy by Sukarno to balance the influence of the PKI with other political forces, and the potential friction between communism and religion is explored.

💡DN Aidit

DN Aidit was the leader of the PKI during its most powerful period in the 1950s and 1960s. His leadership is central to the video's discussion on the PKI's rise and eventual fall. Aidit’s pragmatism, close relationship with China, and his efforts to consolidate power are key elements that illustrate the trajectory of the PKI.

💡Marxism-Leninism

Marxism-Leninism is the political ideology combining the theories of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin, focusing on the role of the working class and revolutionary socialism. In the video, Marxism-Leninism is discussed as the core ideology of the PKI, especially in how it influenced their strategies and objectives for transforming Indonesia into a communist state.

💡Madiun Rebellion

The Madiun Rebellion in 1948 was a significant communist uprising led by Muso in Indonesia, which was ultimately crushed by the Indonesian government. The video references this event as a turning point in the PKI's history, demonstrating both the potential and limitations of the communist movement in Indonesia at the time.

Highlights

Joseph Stalin's speech in 1952, where he thanked supporters of the Soviet Communist Party Congress.

The power model of Stalin’s regime and the question of whether a similar form of leadership would have emerged if communism had taken over in Indonesia.

Exploring the possibility of Indonesia becoming like the Soviet Union under Stalin if the PKI (Indonesian Communist Party) had won power in 1965.

The three major periods of the PKI's revolutionary struggle, leading to the uprisings in 1926, 1948, and 1965.

The role of early communist figures such as Semaoen, Tan Malaka, and Darsono in shaping the direction of the PKI.

How the PKI infiltrated Sarekat Islam, leading to internal divisions and the establishment of the Indonesian Communist Association (PKH).

The shift in PKI’s political stance under Musso, influenced by Soviet ideologies, especially the division of the world between imperialist powers and democratic movements.

The 1948 Madiun Affair, where Musso led a failed communist revolt, which ended in his death.

The rise of DN Aidit, who consolidated power within the PKI after 1948 and made the party the fourth-largest in the 1955 elections.

Aidit’s close relationship with Sukarno and the PKI's role in Sukarno's 'Nasakom' policy, aligning nationalism, religion, and communism.

Aidit’s pragmatism in working with the bourgeoisie and nationalist groups to expand the PKI’s influence.

PKI's strategic alignment with China’s communist model rather than Stalin’s Soviet Union, as Aidit frequently visited China and met with Mao Zedong.

Aidit’s execution by the military during the political crisis of 1965.

The speculation that Indonesia could have evolved into a communist state like China, not the Soviet Union, had the PKI seized control.

PKI’s stance on religion, where despite communism's view of religion as a 'drug,' Aidit emphasized respect for religious freedom in political practice.

Transcripts

Hai alat tulis asli situ duel situ

Makassar Winarsih buat Agus

Hai search skybridge 289 yang Steven

jagain ini adalah pidato pemimpin

komunis Uni Soviet Joseph Stalin pada 14

Oktober 1952 ketika ia mengucapkan

terima kasih kepada kelompok-kelompok

yang memberikan dukungan kepada kongres

Partai Komunis Soviet sosok yang kita

saksikan ini adalah salah satu pemimpin

paling prominent di masa lalu Bukan

hanya dari sisi kekejamannya well

diperkirakan ada 20 3687070 warbiasa

besar Stalin adalah gambaran paling kuat

dari Citra kekuasaan komunisme pada

sebuah negara namun tentu pertanyaan

paling besarnya adalah Apakah model

kekuasaan tangan besi Stalin akan sama

minimal mirip-mirip lah jika komunisme

itu

pada akhirnya berkuasa di Indonesia

dasar good question konteks ini menarik

untuk ditelusuri mengingat tragedi di

tahun 1965 punya beberapa jalur

kekuasaan yang bisa berdampak secara

berbeda Katakanlah jika teori Revolusi

ID dengan 30% tentara ternyata bisa

terjadi dan berhasil mengambil alih

pemerintahan jika demikian lalu akan

seperti apa Indonesia kalau PKI ternyata

berhasil memenangkan perebutan kekuasaan

Mungkinkah kita akan jadi seperti Soviet

era Stalin atau model negara komunis

yang lain let's find out on the dash

Hai jujur untuk kau model negara seperti

apa jika PKI berpuasa mungkin kita perlu

sedikit membahas karakteristik

perjuangan PKI semua pasti sudah tahu

bahwa komunisme berangkat dari pemikiran

Karl Marx terkait perjuangan kelas dalam

masyarakat yang menjadi dasar dari

sejarah peradaban manusia tulis di kolom

komentar Kalau kalian ingin kita bahas

soal komunisme secara mendalam ya Nah

Anda banyak penulis dan scholar yang

mencoba membagi periodisasi pada Partai

Komunis Indonesia tapi secara garis

besar arah perjuangannya setidaknya ada

tiga periode besar yang terjadi pada PKI

yang pertama adalah yang berujung pada

pemberontakan di tahun 1926 yang kedua

adalah yang berujung pada pemberontakan

di Tahun 1948 dan yang ketiga adalah

yang berujung

pada peristiwa di tahun 1965 di ketiga

periode ini PKI memiliki arah perjuangan

yang masing-masing dan dengan karakter

yang cukup berbeda periode sebelum 1926

adalah era ketika PKI yang sebelumnya

bertumbuh dari Indi sosial demokratis

vereeniging alias eyes Devi yang digagas

oleh hendricus josephus franciscus Maris

David yang kita kenal dengan nama henk

sneevliet mencari bentuk dan dukungan

dari masyarakat pribumi di era ini

sosok-sosok seperti semaun Tan Malaka

dan Darsono adalah beberapa tokoh yang

tertarik pada gagasan komunisme ini isdv

kemudian juga membangun basis yang kuat

dengan menginfiltrasi Sarekat Islam yang

kemudian berujung pada perpecahan dalam

organisasi tersebut USB kemudian berubah

menjadi perserikatan komunis Hindia

alias PKH PKH ini adalah Partai Komunis

di Asia yang menjadi anggota komunis

internasional alias komintern Oh maaf

baru kemudian di tahun 1924 PKH yang

mulai berkonsentrasi pada Serikat

Pekerja memutuskan untuk meningkatkan

disiplin dan menuntut pembentukan

Republik Indonesia Soviet serta berganti

nama menjadi Partai Komunis Indonesia

PKI kemudian merencanakan pemberontakan

terhadap pemerintah Hindia Belanda

berangkat dari gagasan bahwa

menghancurkan Kolonialisme adalah kunci

awal menuju masyarakat anti kelas

sekalipun pemberontakan tersebut pada

akhirnya gagal

Hai secara umum mengutip tulisan terus

mcfe dalam buku The Rise of Indonesian

communism PKI di awal-awal ini bisa

dibilang jadi salah satu entitas Partai

Komunis dari negara jajahan yang paling

dekat dengan komentar pantesan Muso bisa

lama di Soviet garis politik ini sedikit

berbeda dengan PKI ra 1948 dengan Musso

sebagai sentralnya Muso pulang dari

Soviet membawa arah baru perjuangan

lewat apa yang ia sebut sebagai jalan

baru untuk Republik Indonesia Muso

mengusung garis pemikiran doktrin dan of

yang diambil dari nama Andreas dan of

yang kala itu menjabat sebagai Kepala

Divisi propaganda Central comitte Partai

Komunis Soviet akan

Hai rezim dan of ini juga menjadi

pembeda dari rezim dimitrov yang berasal

dari nama Jorge dimitrov yang menjadi

Sekjen komintern di tahun 1935 sampai

1943 nah intisari dari pemikiran dan of

membagi dunia menjadi dua kelompok yakni

imperialis dibawa Amerika Serikat dan

demokratis dibawah Uni Soviet

klasifikasi yang aneh karena as

sebetulnya adalah negara demokrasi

intinya musuh menganggap perjuangan

revolusi di Indonesia kala itu tidak

lagi murni dari kelas pekerja tetapi

revolusi kelompok borjuis oleh karenanya

revolusi Sudah Selayaknya kembali ke

kitanya sebagai gerakan buruh Jalan

barumu so juga menghendaki satu partai

kelas buruh dengan memakai nama PKI

untuk itu harus dilakukan fusi tiga

partai yang bermazhab marxisme-leninisme

yakni PK ilegal partai buruh Indonesia

alias

Hey dan Partai Sosialis Ia juga

melontarkan pentingnya kabinet

presidensial diganti jadi kabinet front

persatuan ujung aksi musuh adalah

pecahnya peristiwa 1948 di Madiun dan di

beberapa daerah lainnya ia tewas dalam

peristiwa ini nah periode ketiga adalah

ketika PKI dipimpin oleh DN Aidit yang

terkenal dengan kata-kata di sawah saya

Kunti eh maksudnya Jawa adalah kunci

Hai dua tahun pasca peristiwa 1948 Aidit

Muncul lagi bersama Nyoto dan Lukman ia

mengkonsolidasikan kekuatan partai dan

mengambil alih kekuasaan dari kelompok

tua yakni dari alimin dan tanwin Ji

serta membawa PKI menjadi partai

terbesar keempat dalam Pemilu 1955

posisi ini juga membuatnya kemudian

dekat dengan Soekarno yang menggunakan

komunisme sebagai salah satu pilar

kekuasaannya dalam nasakom

Hai garis politik ini yang mendekat ke

Soekarno yang nasionalis terjadi Bukan

Tanpa Alasan ID menurut MC ricklefs

dalam History of modern Indonesia adalah

mengajak kelompok borjuasi kecil dan

nasionalis bersama dengan guru dan Tani

untuk melawan kaum borjuis komprador dan

kelas-kelas Kedah besar Rich menyebut ID

cenderung menggunakan pendekatan politik

yang pragmatis untuk makin membesarkan

saya politiknya kala itu tak mati semua

ini pada akhirnya membuat PKI makin

membesar ID menolak pandangan yang

menyebutkan bahwa komunisme adalah

gagasan yang tidak fleksibel bahkan jika

mengutip adtc yang diterbitkan tahun

1963 marxisme-leninisme bahkan disebut

bukan sebagai dogma melainkan pedoman

aksi ada air teh ini memang sarat akan

gagasan Aidit misalnya terkait

periodisasi perkembangan Indonesia yang

kala itu

masih setengah kolonial dan setengah

feodal ID mengklasifikasi perkembangan

Indonesia dalam tujuh periode apa saja

itu nanti bisa kalian baca dalam

Revolusi Indonesia dan tugas-tugas

mendesak PKI yang dibuat ID sebagai

laporan untuk cc Partai Komunis Tiongkok

word Tiongkok

Oh yes PQR Aidit juga memiliki kedekatan

yang lebih dengan Tiongkok ia beberapa

kali mengunjungi Tiongkok termasuk

beberapa bulan sebelum pecahnya tragedi

1965 Duri bahkan bertemu dengan Mao

Zedong dan mendiskusikan kondisi

kesehatan Soekarno yang disebut

menderita cerebral vasospasme yakni

gangguan pembuluh darah di otak gitulah

kisah Aidit akhirnya berakhir pada

peristiwa di tahun 1965 ia ditangkap dan

dieksekusi oleh militer di Boyolali wae

lalu kita kembali ke pertanyaan awal Apa

yang akan terjadi pada Indonesia kalau

PKI ternyata berhasil mengambil alih

kekuasaan di tahun tersebut well untuk

menjadi negara komunis seperti Soviet di

bawah Salim agaknya itu sulit untuk

terwujud diawal-awal Katakanlah kalau

PKI berkuasa pasalnya jika itu adalah

Aidit yang menjadi pemimpin utamanya

maka ia harus berhadapan dengan

tokoh-tokoh

Sri kelompok Islam dan kelompok

nasionalis jika berhasil mengatasi dua

kekuatan ini masih ada 70% kelompok

militer lagi yang juga harus ditaklukan

kalau itu sudah berhasil dengan

pandangan pragmatisme edit dan

kedekatannya dengan Tiongkok Indonesia

paling mungkin mengikuti model komunisme

Tiongkok

di dalam Ade artinya PKI menyebut tujuan

awalnya adalah menciptakan demokrasi

rakyat sebelum kemudian menuju

sosialisme dan pada akhirnya komunisme

Indonesia namun hal yang menarik dari

ada RT tersebut adalah PKI menyebut

penggunaan cara-cara tanpa kekerasan

untuk perjuangannya sementara konteks

kekerasan terkamuflase dalam rasa tak

ada perjuangan melawan imperialisme dan

pemberontakan yang terjadi dalam cara

damai Souljah baku hantam lah kita

wuuuuu

Hai pada akhirnya PKI bisa saja akan

berubah menjadi partai tunggal sistem

politik dan ekonomi Indonesia menjadi

sentralistik walaupun PKI bilang

sentralistik tapi demokratis serta

mungkin nama negara Indonesia akan

berubah kali aja di Republik Rakyat

Indonesia alias errie tuh jadi sama

karena radio kali ya Atau mungkin juga

namanya jadi Republik Soviet Indonesia

Hai Soal Agama gimana ban well ini

mungkin akan jadi misteri terbesarnya Id

adalah sosok yang berlatarbelakang

agamis Jadi mungkin dia akan pikir-pikir

untuk sampai pada titik benar-benar

melarang agama you now komunis

menganggap agama adalah candu Selain itu

pertarungan politiknya akan menjadi

sangat besar karena melarang agama

mungkin akan jadi jalan untuk

menciptakan perang sipil besar di

Indonesia ngerinya tuh ID sendiri dalam

wawancaranya dengan solichin salam

menyebutkan bahwa PKI menghormati hak

setiap orang untuk memeluk agama yang

menyebut dalam adtc tidak melarang

anggota untuk memeluk agama asalkan

anggota-anggota itu menjalankan program

politik PKI well sejarah tidak bisa

dibalikkan dan kita hanya bisa

berandai-andai saja nah lalu Bagaimana

menurut kalian akan seperti apa

ia jika PKI jadi partai penguasa

Hai Berikan pendapatmu

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