Dayaw Episode 2: "Mito, Kwento, Musika"
Summary
TLDRThis video explores the rich heritage and oral traditions of the indigenous peoples of the Philippines. It highlights the significance of music, epics, and chants as powerful tools for preserving cultural identity, pride, and knowledge. The video focuses on the oral traditions of the Maranao, Euga, and Mangyan peoples, showcasing the importance of epic narratives like the Darangan and Hoodhood. It also discusses the preservation of ancient writing systems and the efforts made to pass down these traditions to future generations, emphasizing the value of embracing and honoring indigenous knowledge.
Takeaways
- 🎶 The indigenous peoples have a deep connection with the land, reflected in their traditions, songs, and epics, providing a sense of identity and direction.
- 🎤 Oral traditions serve as a cultural code of conduct and a manual for identity, teaching communities how to live and preserve their heritage.
- 🎻 Music, rhythm, and oral epics transform into complex, timeless universes that reflect both tradition and innovation.
- 🎼 The late Maestro was renowned for his mastery of the two-string lute and his dedication to preserving the classical traditions of his people.
- 🎵 Indigenous rhythms, like those from Palawan, are accompanied by complex foot rhythms performed by women on bamboo floors, creating a mesmerizing musical experience.
- 🗣 The 'Hood Hood' epic of the Ifugao people has been recognized by UNESCO as a masterpiece of humanity’s intangible heritage, passed down from elders to younger generations.
- 🎭 The Maranao epic 'Darangen' spans 72,000 lines, blending pre-Islamic and Islamic traditions, serving as both a cultural guide and performance art.
- 📝 Ancient syllabaries and writing systems, like the Hanunoo Mangyan script, are still used by indigenous groups in the Philippines to preserve their cultural heritage.
- 🌍 Efforts to preserve the 'Darangen' and 'Hood Hood' epics are supported by UNESCO, ensuring these traditions are passed on to future generations.
- 💡 Recognizing indigenous art, music, and writing as vital aspects of modern culture can enrich contemporary worldviews, deepening appreciation for diverse heritages.
Q & A
What is the main theme of the video script?
-The main theme of the video script is the importance of preserving and understanding the rich oral traditions, music, and epics of indigenous peoples, which offer insights into identity, survival, and heritage.
How do indigenous people preserve their cultural heritage, according to the script?
-Indigenous people preserve their cultural heritage through oral traditions, such as songs, epics, rituals, and chants. These traditions are passed down through generations, becoming codes of conduct or collections of lessons that reflect their identity.
Who was Maga Now Voso, and what was his contribution to indigenous music?
-Maga Now Voso was an indigenous artist who was among the first to be awarded for his virtuosity. He mastered the two-string loot, an instrument symbolizing constancy and change, and he helped preserve the classical traditions of the Magao people with his innovative interpretations.
What is the significance of the 'hood hood' in the script?
-The 'hood hood' is an epic chant from the Euga people, recognized by UNESCO as a masterpiece of humanity's intangible heritage. It recounts the adventures of epic heroes, especially Aligon, and is traditionally sung during harvests and important rituals, often involving entire communities.
How does the role of music differ between men and women in the script?
-Traditionally, the 'hood hood' is sung by women, but men are also allowed to participate in the chorus. This shows a shared cultural responsibility in preserving the epic, though women have historically led the singing.
What is the significance of the darang in Maranao culture?
-The darang is a Maranao epic composed of approximately 72,000 lines. It combines Islamic and pre-Islamic elements, forming a cultural code of personhood that teaches the values and traditions of Maranao society.
How are indigenous epics performed and passed on to future generations?
-Indigenous epics are often performed through chants, songs, and dances. In schools like the Tung School, selected students are trained to learn and perform these epics, ensuring the traditions are passed on to future generations.
What role does the ambahan play in Mangan culture?
-The ambahan is a traditional poetic verse form in Mangan culture, often written using a syllabary. It is used to preserve cultural wisdom and values, and it plays a central role in the transmission of knowledge from elders to younger generations.
Why is it important to preserve indigenous epics according to the script?
-Preserving indigenous epics is important because they contain lessons of heroism, cultural values, and the history of the people. Recognizing these as masterpieces helps secure support and funding to ensure that they are passed on to future generations.
What does the script suggest about modern society's view of indigenous traditions?
-The script suggests that modern society often dismisses indigenous traditions as 'tribal' or 'primitive,' but removing these misconceptions would enrich our modern worldview, allowing us to better appreciate the depth and wisdom in these traditions.
Outlines
🌿 The Wisdom of Indigenous Heritage
The paragraph discusses the deep knowledge and connection indigenous peoples have with nature, reflected in their relationships, songs, epics, technology, and survival. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing and learning from this heritage to understand our roots and direction. The concept of 'Dao' encapsulates both pride and identity, shaped by music, rituals, chants, and oral traditions. These traditions serve as manuals for life and identity, offering lessons and codes of conduct for indigenous people.
🎶 The Power of Indigenous Music and Epics
This paragraph introduces indigenous music and its role in epic storytelling. It highlights the virtuosity of indigenous artists, particularly a renowned musician known for mastering a two-string lute, symbolizing the balance between constancy and change. His music and rhythmic innovations create unique sonic universes. It also mentions the hypnotic rhythms of bamboo instruments, played by the women of southern Palawan, and the significance of chants in expressing complex narratives and cultural memories.
👩🏫 Passing Down the Hoodhood Epic
The focus shifts to the tradition of the 'Hoodhood,' an epic chanted by the Eaga people. Teacher Fatima Galawan has dedicated her life to training young girls as lead chanters and chorus members, preserving this UNESCO-recognized cultural heritage. The 'Hoodhood' recounts the adventures of epic heroes, notably the culture hero Aligon, and is performed during harvest and important rituals. Though traditionally sung by women, men also participate in the chorus, ensuring the continuity of this rich oral tradition.
🌾 Preserving and Honoring the Hoodhood
Fatima continues her mission of teaching the 'Hoodhood' to children, emphasizing the importance of preserving the epic's traditional form, despite the complexity of its ancient language. She recalls the involvement of village elders whose primal, powerful chanting inspires the younger generation. The epic, traditionally sung during harvest by women, is also performed by male and female elders, ensuring its endurance through communal efforts. Fatima’s lifelong dedication has earned her school numerous awards.
📚 The Darangan Epic: Maranao Culture and Values
This paragraph delves into the 'Darangan,' a 72,000-line Maranao epic that rivals the Quran in cultural significance. Though containing pre-Islamic elements, it integrates Islamic values, creating a complex narrative of heroism, kingship, warfare, and diplomacy. The 'Darangan' offers a model of ideal behavior and personhood. Its wealth of stories, many unrecorded, lends itself to performance and dance. Maranao professional singers, known as 'honors,' embody the grace and nobility of the legendary princesses featured in the epic.
✍️ Ancient Writing Systems and the Preservation of Culture
The paragraph discusses the importance of pre-Hispanic writing systems, which were once widespread across the Philippines but now survive only in a few indigenous communities. The Hanunóo syllabary, still in use among the Mangyan people of Mindoro, is highlighted for its role in preserving cultural memory. The late Gino Belog, a master of the syllabary, is shown demonstrating how verses are etched on bamboo. The preservation of these systems and epics like the 'Darangan' and 'Hoodhood' helps ensure the continuation of intangible cultural heritage.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Indigenous Knowledge
💡Dao
💡Chanted Epics
💡Hudhud
💡Darangen
💡Cultural Heritage
💡Syllabary
💡Epic Heroes
💡Ambahan
💡Intangible Heritage
Highlights
Indigenous knowledge manifests in relationships with nature, songs, epics, and survival techniques, revealing deep cultural heritage.
The importance of understanding and preserving indigenous oral traditions as they hold the key to cultural identity and pride.
Music and rhythm play a crucial role in chanted epics, transforming stories into immersive experiences.
The story of a Maganao virtuoso who mastered the two-string loot, symbolizing the balance of constancy and change in music.
The legacy of Masino Inarai and the hypnotic rhythms created by bamboo floors and gongs in Palawan's indigenous communities.
The hood hood chant, a UNESCO-recognized masterpiece, recounts the adventures of the Ifugao epic heroes and is integral to the community's identity.
Teacher Fatima Galawan’s dedication to preserving the hood hood by training young girls as lead chanters, ensuring the epic's legacy continues.
The complex process of passing down the hood hood tradition, involving understanding and interpreting deep, ancient words.
The darang an epic of the Maranao, a vast collection of 25 song cycles, serves as a cultural and moral foundation, blending Islamic and pre-Islamic traditions.
The role of the honor in Maranao society as a performer, embodying the ideals of grace and nobility from the epic tradition.
Misconceptions about Muslim communities often obscure the richness of their traditions and the nobility found in their epic stories.
The unique syllabary of the Hanunóo Mangyan people of Mindoro, showcasing the cultural significance of pre-Hispanic writing systems.
Gino Belog’s mastery of the ambahan verse form and his skill in using traditional syllabary to preserve poetic traditions on bamboo.
The effort to preserve and promote the Philippine epics like the hood hood and darangan by declaring them UNESCO masterpieces.
The significance of epics, alphabets, and oral traditions in enriching modern worldviews and preserving cultural identity.
Transcripts
[Music]
there is much to be learned from people
who have lived on this land much longer
than we
have a knowledge that manifests itself
not only in the relationships with
nature their songs and epics their
technology and Creations but in their
very
survival only by being aware of this
Heritage of the indigenous can we find
not only Our Roots but our
Direction their pride and ours captured
in one word
[Music]
da nature creates man imagines and man
recreates great events take place man
remembers and man
reimagines through a piece of music a
song a ritual a chant an oral joust even
an epic and as these grow in are
eventually passed on the memory becomes
a code of conduct or a collection of
lessons
a manual that teaches one how to be
perhaps a good maranao or a good euga or
aan and hopefully an ideal of one's
identity the oral traditions of our
indigenous peoples are the subject of
our second exploration yet another
source of Dao our knowledge our pride
[Applause]
[Music]
[Music]
music and Rhythm are the very basis of
chanted epics
unspoken worldless repetitions
transforming mutating into universes of
their
[Music]
own before we listen to the indigenous
epics I want you first to listen to a
Maga now
voso theit sanan who was among the first
indigenous artists to be awarded
[Music]
the a true virtu alsoo s's instrument of
choice was a kapit or two- string loot
its two- string seemingly a metaphor for
its Universal opposites of constancy and
[Music]
change the music he chose to master was
a reflection of the stately coure
traditions of the magao
the late Maestro was renowned all over
mnda now as a true artist of his people
an artist who chose to keep Mendo
classical tradition alive and to
embellish it with his own
genius his melodic and rhythmic
permutations transform mutate into a
universe of Their Own
very different but equally powerful are
The rhythms beaten out on gongs and
bamboo floors by the southern
Palawan here another gaad manik Bayan
award the late masino inarai was
recorded by the national Commission on
culture and
arts as he led the basal andam in their
Village in the highlands of Brooks
Point their playing was made even more
hypnotic by the women who beat out an
equally complex Rhythm of the tare with
their bare feet on the bamboo
floor when the human voice musically
mirrors and Echoes the complexities
textual meanings and flow of narratives
the chant is born
[Music]
one voice telling a story another voice
answering and pushing the
narrative then a whole Community joining
in the Chant is born
[Music]
the Epic unfolds
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
[Applause]
in the Tung School in laga iuga teacher
Fatima galawan has devoted a good part
of her career to training selected
pupils in the chanting of the eaga Epic
the hood hood
[Music]
she selects a girl from each batch who
will be the lead chanter or the
moona as well as others who will form
the korus or Mo
Abu then batch after batch she teaches
them the chant of their ancestors
[Music]
the hood hood has been recognized by the
UNESCO as one of the masterpieces of
Humanity's intangible
[Applause]
[Music]
Heritage the hoodhood recounts The
Adventures of the eaga Epic Heroes the
most popular being aligon
[Music]
the culture hero whom Legend says taught
euga women the hood hood of other
[Music]
Heroes traditionally the hood hood is
sung during Harvest by entire
communities
[Music]
it is also sung during important ritual
[Music]
occasions although it is traditionally
associated with
[Music]
women men are also allowed to sing in
the chorus
[Music]
year after year the T Wood School
chanters have won local competitions and
have been invited to perform in
Manila and with every passing batch the
legacy of this chant is passed on to the
young
euga I invited the elders to chant and
then I recorded their
song
afterwards I must have to learn the song
After 2 weeks I memorize it and then
that's the time I taught it to the
children
changes from the elders direct to the
children hoodhood CH
so my adjustments before I taught it to
the children line by line there are many
words that I cannot understand some
words were very deep so I always call on
the mha to explain the meaning of the
hoodhood and so I also explain it to the
children because we cannot change it to
simpler form because that's really the
beauty of the
[Music]
hoodhood Fatima's lifelong dedication to
teaching the hood hood has given the T
chanters many distinctions and awards
but even she admits that there is so
much to learn and
preserve it came to my mind that we
should preserve it by uh singing it
telling stories because hood hood has TW
200 stories after classes the children
always come to my door and say Mom are
we going to practice the hood hood and
say uh you wait for me after
dismissal worthy role models for the
young chanters are the Elders of their
Village whose chanting is full of Primal
power and
spontaneity although the hoodhood is
traditionally chanted by women in the
fields during Harvest manong Leonardo
and his neighbors know it well and will
sing it male and female Elders in one
chorus to make sure it is on to
[Music]
[Music]
Young vintage footage of the campus of
the Mindanao State University shows
maranao students dramatizing a chant of
their own people the
darang an epic of approximately 72,000
lines it stands side by side with the
Quran as a foundation of marau
[Music]
culture the Epic is not primarily
Islamic in
nature Scholars have pointed out that
much of its content stems from
pre-islamic
times the stories that make up the Epic
meld both Islamic and pre-islamic
tenants
the result of this melding this
distillation is a code of
personhood a record of what the mara now
describes as anonin Artin all that is
worth
emulating 25 song Cycles make up the
darang of which only 18 have been
recorded and
studied although major aity of the songs
deal with the adventures and
romances other songs deal with the loss
on
kingship succession Warfare diplomacy
and
statesmanship because they are
essentially narrative all great epics
lend themselves well to dance and
performance
the darang is so rich that chapters and
vignettes can readily become
performances in
themselves the stories become chants and
songs the
songs
[Music]
dances the dances object lessons in the
behavior of traditional role models
the honor is a professional
singer dancer and chantress whose
services are much in demand in marau
society during weddings and party she is
hired to perform traditional songs and
display skills like playing
[Music]
the but more than a hired Pro the honor
is expected to act and behave in the
manner of the legendary princesses of
the
dang a role model and a living
embodiment of all that is graceful and
gracious in a Marana woman
reles
older footage shows another honor
demonstrating the proper behavior
expected of a maranao
princess again influenced by the role
models found in the
[Music]
darangan biases and misconceptions are
quite palpable when it comes to our
Muslim
fellowmen their image sometimes clouds
are ability to see the richness of their
traditions and the innate nobility
instilled in them by their epics
[Music]
when man commits his epics his stories
his feelings into a written text he
commits these to more than just memory
he puts down in writing not only his
very being but the essence of his antire
race and for that one needs more than
just a chanted song one needs a syll in
a system of writing
[Music]
prehispanic saries devised by our
ancestors were widespread among the
peoples of the Philippine archipelago
however they now survive only among four
indigenous cultural communities in
mendoro and
Palawan the most famous of these is a
cber of the hanun Manan of mindoro
The Scholar Anton PMA describes the
unique qualities of the manangan
syllabary the Mangan culture that
ambahan is still alive is still being
practiced by the Mangan if it not was
not for their value their cultural
value I wouldn't mind it encouraged
among especially the older people do not
forget your to teach your
children what you inherited from your
forefathers the late Gino belog was a
master of the silary and its use in the
ambahan the traditional poetic verse
form of the Manan in this rare footage
the gaad manang Bayan award demonstrates
his Mastery of the silary and his skill
in etching his own verse on bamboo
[Music]
spee speech
[Music]
we wanted to make sure that the the very
important ethics of the Philippines
especially theang and hoodhood uh will
uh survive the passage of time and
initially what we did was to submit this
epics for declaration by UNESCO as
masterpieces of the oral and intangible
Heritage of humanity these are the epics
hoodhood and thein because the moment
they decade as such it will be easier to
get funding support for us to encourage
the young people to have programs so
that the young people can be taught the
Visions music that is both sophisticated
and Powerful songs and chants worth
passing on to Future Generations epics
that show us ideals of heroism syllabes
and alphabets where memories and
emotions are captured all gifts of the
mind and the
intellect if we could all remove the
blinders from our eyes that dismiss
these gifts as tribal or ethnic or even
primitive how much richer our own modern
worldview would be and how much more we
could feel and rejoice in Dao our
knowledge our pride
[Music]
[Music]
[Applause]
he
[Music]
[Music]
wa
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
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