SMAW multi pass fillet welds T joints, flat Horizontal Vertical and Overhead Positions E7018

Summary

This instructional video focuses on techniques for producing high-quality multi-pass fillet welds in various positions: flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead. Using E7018 electrodes, the video guides users through each welding position, providing details on electrode angles, travel speeds, and amperage settings. The goal is to achieve well-fused, evenly legged welds with a smooth, slightly convex finish, while minimizing distortion and undercutting. The video also emphasizes the importance of proper tack welding, cooling techniques, and equipment settings to ensure consistent and professional results in each welding position.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video demonstrates producing quality multi-pass fillet welds in flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead positions using low hydrogen electrodes.
• 😀 Protective clothing, tools, and materials required include mild steel plates, E7018 electrodes (1/8 inch and 5/32 inch), and a constant current power source.
• 😀 Workpieces are tacked into an x-block with tabs to minimize distortion and allow safe handling and clamping.
• 😀 Flat (1F) position welding uses 115–135 amps, a 90-degree work angle, and a 5–10 degree drag travel angle, producing flat to slightly convex welds with equal legs.
• 😀 Horizontal (2F) welding uses 125–145 amps, a 90-degree work angle from the vertical, and steady drag or w motion, with multiple layers and thorough slag removal.
• 😀 Vertical (3F) welding uses 90–110 amps for stringer beads, 120–135 amps for remaining layers, and 0–10 degree push travel angle with z-weave or inverted V technique.
• 😀 Overhead (4F) welding requires 120–130 amps for the second layer and 125–145 amps for remaining layers, with steady drag or w motion and careful angle management to avoid undercut.
• 😀 Electrode size selection is important: smaller electrodes for tight spaces, larger electrodes for efficiency, and amperage adjustments with diameter changes.
• 😀 Multiple layers require consistent work and travel angles, overlapping previous passes by 1/3 to 2/3, and cooling the workpiece after several passes.
• 😀 The final weld on all positions should be flat to slightly convex with equal legs, complete fusion along the toes, and no undercut along the edges.
• 😀 Proper technique includes centering the electrode on the toe, steady drag or slight oscillation, maintaining wrist and arm control, and periodic instructor checks for quality.

Q & A

What is the objective of this welding topic?

The objective is to produce quality multi-pass fillet welds in flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead positions using low hydrogen electrodes.

What equipment and materials are needed for this welding procedure?

You'll need one 2.5 x 12 x 0.5 inch mild steel plate, two 1 x 12 x 0.5 inch mild steel pieces, eighth-inch and five thirty-second inch E7018 electrodes, and a constant current power source set for electrode positive.

How should the workpiece be tacked before welding?

The vertical member should be centered between two strips of one-inch material, and tack welded at each end. After flipping the workpiece, tack weld the second piece of 1 x 12 to the other side to form an X-block with four T-joints.

What is the recommended amp range for the flat position (1F) weld?

For the flat position, set the amperage between 115 and 135 amps.

What work angle and travel angle should be used for the flat position weld?

The work angle should be 90 degrees from the horizontal plane, or 45 degrees from either plate, with a 5 to 10-degree drag travel angle.

What should be the finished appearance of the weld in the flat position?

The finished weld should be flat to slightly convex, with complete fusion along the toes and equal legs.

What adjustments should be made for the vertical (3F) position weld?

Set the amps between 90 and 110, with a work angle of 45 degrees and a 0 to 10-degree push travel angle. Ensure the work lead is attached to minimize arc blow, and use steady upward motion when depositing the weld.

What is the key difference between the overhead (4F) position and other positions?

In the overhead position, the amps should be set between 120 and 130 for the second layer, and between 125 and 145 for the remaining layers. The work angle is 45 degrees from the horizontal plane, with a 5 to 10-degree drag travel angle.

What is the process for welding in the vertical position using the Z-weave technique?

In the vertical position, after depositing the second layer with stringer beads, use 5/32-inch electrodes for the remaining layers with the Z-weave technique. Set the amps between 120 and 135, and pivot your wrist as you move across the joint.

How should the last layer of a weld be deposited to avoid undercutting?

On the last layer, reduce the work angle slightly and melt into the outside edges by about a sixteenth of an inch to avoid edge weld undercut.