Systems Approach to Management
Summary
TLDRThis session focuses on the systems approach to management, emphasizing the importance of understanding inputs, outputs, and processes within a managerial system. It discusses the necessity of digitization in modern organizations and the role of interrelated functions in achieving objectives with resource optimization. The analogy of academic institutions processing raw students into graduates is used to illustrate the concept. The session also covers managerial functions like planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling, and suggests using feedback for continuous improvement. Recommended resources for further study include books and online materials.
Takeaways
- 🎓 The session aims to understand the inputs, outputs, and the concept of systems approach in management.
- 🧩 A managerial system is a set of inter-related functions aimed at achieving objectives through effective resource utilization.
- 🌐 Digitization is essential for organizations due to the complexity of modern firms and the digital world's pervasive influence.
- 🏭 In an academic context, the input is a raw student, processed through education to become an output, a graduate.
- 🔄 Inputs in management can be various resources like manpower, machines, materials, money, methods, markets, information, legal aspects, and government regulations.
- 🛠️ Processing in management involves executing managerial functions such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling, and forecasting.
- 🎯 The output of management is the achievement of objectives, which could be goods in manufacturing or services in service industries.
- 🔁 Systems approach can include closed-loop systems where feedback from outputs is used to improve future inputs and processes.
- 📚 The session references five books and suggests using the internet for further information on systems approach in management.
- 🙌 The session concludes with a thank you to the attendees, emphasizing the importance of understanding systems approach in today's digitized business environment.
Q & A
What is the main focus of the session on the systems approach to management?
-The main focus of the session is to help students understand the concept of systems approach to management, including identifying the inputs and outputs of a managerial system, and recognizing the importance of effective utilization of resources to achieve organizational objectives.
Why is digitization considered essential in today's organizations?
-Digitization is considered essential due to the increasing complexity of firms and the need to adapt to the digital world. It is seen as a vital component for any organization to remain competitive and efficient in their operations.
What is the basic schematic of a system as discussed in the session?
-The basic schematic of a system involves having inputs, processing, and outputs. Inputs are the resources or raw materials that go into the system, processing refers to the functions or activities performed on these inputs, and outputs are the end results or products of the system.
Can you provide an example of how the input-output model is applied in an educational institution?
-In an educational institution, the input could be a raw student who is then processed through various subjects and practical sessions. The output is a graduate student, specifically, a graduate engineer in the case of engineering institutions.
What are the different types of resources considered as inputs in the management process?
-In the management process, inputs can include man (human resources), machine (equipment and technology), material (raw materials), money (financial resources), methods (processes and techniques), markets (customer base), information (data and knowledge), legal aspects, and government rules and regulations.
What are the managerial functions that constitute the processing part of the management system?
-The managerial functions, which are part of the processing in the management system, include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling, motivation, and forecasting.
How does the concept of feedback fit into the systems approach to management?
-Feedback is an integral part of the systems approach to management as it allows for a closed-loop system. It involves taking the output, evaluating it, and using this information to make corrective actions or improvements in the input and processing stages for future planning periods.
What is the role of decision making and information flow in the digital world as per the session?
-In the digital world, decision making and information flow play a vital role. Managers take decisions based on the information that flows within the organization, which is crucial for the effective functioning and adaptation to the dynamic digital environment.
What are the subsidiary systems mentioned in the session, and how do they contribute to achieving organizational objectives?
-Subsidiary systems are the smaller systems within a larger organizational system. They contribute to achieving organizational objectives by performing specific functions in an efficient and effective manner, ensuring that the overall system operates optimally.
How does the session suggest improving the understanding of inputs, outputs, and processing in different industries?
-The session encourages students to think about different industries, such as manufacturing or service industries, and consider what might be the inputs, outputs, and processing involved in those industries. This exercise helps to deepen the understanding of the systems approach to management across various sectors.
Outlines
🎓 Systems Approach to Management
The first paragraph introduces the concept of a systems approach to management within an educational context. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the inputs and outputs of a managerial system, as well as the overall process. The session aims to clarify how systems are interrelated functions designed to achieve objectives through the effective use of resources. The necessity of digitization in modern organizations is highlighted, with the digital world presented as an essential tool for any firm. The paragraph uses the analogy of an academic institution to explain the system's input (raw students) and output (graduate engineers), with the processing involving teaching various subjects and conducting practical sessions.
📈 Management Functions and Decision Making
The second paragraph delves into the specifics of management functions and the role of information flow in the digital world. It discusses how decisions are made and how information moves within an organization. The paragraph introduces the concept of subsystems within a larger system and the importance of achieving objectives efficiently. It outlines the various resources that can be considered inputs in management, such as manpower, machines, materials, money, methods, markets, information, legal aspects, and government regulations. The managerial functions, including planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling, and motivation, are described as the processing part of the system. Examples are given to illustrate these functions, such as manpower planning in a manufacturing industry and the organizational structure necessary for executing these functions.
🔁 Feedback and Continuous Improvement
The third paragraph discusses the importance of feedback in a management system, suggesting that it can lead to remedial or corrective actions. It mentions the possibility of incorporating feedback into future planning periods to improve processes. The paragraph concludes by recommending five books for further reading and encourages the use of the internet for additional resources. The speaker thanks the audience for their attention, indicating the end of the session.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Systems Approach
💡Management Process
💡Inputs
💡Outputs
💡Processing
💡Digitization
💡Information Flow
💡Managerial Functions
💡Objectives
💡Subsystems
💡Feedback
Highlights
Introduction to the systems approach to management, focusing on inputs, processes, and outputs.
Key learning objective: Understanding inputs and outputs for a managerial system, and the role of management as a process.
Systems approach is defined as a set of interrelated functions that work together to achieve organizational objectives.
Emphasis on the importance of digitization in modern organizations due to the complexity of operations and digital trends.
Basic schematic of a system: inputs, processing, and outputs. Example of academic institutions, where raw students are processed to become graduates.
Inputs for management systems are different resources like man, machine, materials, money, and methods.
Management functions serve as the 'processing' part of the system, including planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.
Outputs in the systems approach correspond to organizational objectives, which could include goods or services.
Systems must have interrelation between functions for efficient and effective achievement of objectives.
Every manager plays a critical role in decision-making and information flow, which is vital in today's digital world.
Concept of subsystems within an organization, which work together to achieve the larger goals of the system.
Managerial functions detailed: Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling, motivation, and forecasting.
Example of manpower and production planning in manufacturing industries, highlighting different organizational levels.
Closed-loop systems with feedback mechanisms allow organizations to take corrective actions based on output analysis.
Final mention of resources for further reading, including reference books and online materials for expanding knowledge on systems management.
Transcripts
institute of technology
sulapur
in today's session
we will discuss about
systems approach
to management
at the end of this session
students are expected to understand
what are the inputs
and outputs
for a managerial system or a management
as a process you can say
and what is the concept of systems
approach
to
management so this is what is expected
at the end of the session
if we consider
uh
in general
how the system might look like
then
uh it refers basically
to the
set of inter-related functions
what for
basically to achieve the objectives
how
by having
effective utilization of
resources
now with this particular statement
uh
we can again say
like uh
essential white is essential it's due to
complexity of the firm and
need of a digitization see today there
is no way out for any organization
than to adopt the digitization
digital
world is there as we all know
and
no substitute for uh
digitization for any organization
talking in general uh very basic uh
primitive
schematics of
what is a system
now
uh any system if we think of
then
very basic is it has to have some input
and certain output
as it is indicated here
and in between the input and output
some processing happens
for example if we look into
academic institutions then input is a
raw student like
who is processed with the different
subjects being taught to him
and output is a
graduate student say for in engineering
institutions if we talk then output is a
graduate engineer so this is how four
years we process the student by teaching
different subjects conducting different
practical sessions on variety of
subjects so this is how input and output
it means and how
what do we do exactly
in
processing
secondly
same thing little
ahead of it if we talk
for the management process the same
schematic
if we extend
then
inputs
we can take as
different resources
there are like different types of
resources we'll talk in the next slide
but here in management process
we can
take
different resources as
input
then processing may be something like
all different functions
uh that management people carry out
they have certain functions and they
execute it
so the execution of those functions is
nothing but the processing we can call
as a matter of a system
and output is something in the
management you can say
what are the objectives
management people are having
so
that is how uh
input we can correlate with different
resources
processing is nothing but different
functions
and output you can associate with the
objectives
now at this point uh i expect you people
to
think of
different inputs and outputs
for any organization just now i gave the
example of education institution
you can think of any other
industry
maybe manufacturing or service and for
that industry for that organization
what
might be the inputs what might be the
outputs and what may stand as the
processing
just think of some examples
now here again
uh it refers to
the set of interrelated functions
there has to have interrelation
of different functions to achieve the
objectives that's the main thing again
with
optimum utilization of resources and
it's essentially we have seen this in
the beginning essentially due to the
complexity of the forms and
need of the digitization this we have
discussed in the beginning
now next to that every manager is put up
here on the left side of the screen
to be very precise about what
about basically decision making
and the information flow nowadays in the
digital world information flow has again
a
vital role
so what is happening in the industry
that you try to imagine
basically
decisions are being taken by the
management and information is flowing
from one place to other place one point
to other point in organization
then
subsidiary systems
means in a system again you can have
different subsystems
and
these subsystems you have to have
ultimately while reaching to was
objectives
with
efficient and effective ways of doing
work
so this is what is happening i'm trying
to tell you what exactly might include
in input output and
processing that is talking specifically
here what might be resources what
might mean in functions and what
might be the part of objectives here in
systems approach
to the management now this particular
figure
would clear the things a little
in a better way
now here
input we have said
now the general systems approach that
part of the figure is omitted here input
processing and output
now specifically here for management
input means different resources what are
these resources
they are like
man machine material money methods
markets information
legal aspects
government rules regulations what not so
many things
as
input as resources as a resource inputs
we can have in
management
now in processing
we have management functions or
managerial functions functions carried
out by the managers what are those
functions
planning
organizing staffing directing control
motivation forecasting what not so many
functions
are being carried out by
management people resolve functions we
have discussed in detail in earlier
slides
uh like just to brief again planning
means for example in manufacturing
industry
we need to have manpower planning
and there uh
maybe even production planning we need
to have
uh if you take automobile example for
example say then how many models you
have and each model in different time
periods say months if we take how many
quantities you need is a very gross
aspect of a planet
organization level which normally is
called as a master production schedule
same thing cut down at a shop floor
level you can call the load chart which
is going to type of a plan
when you talk about a particular job and
its particular operation on a particular
machine so at a very micro level you
talk at that
then organization you have a structure
as a
the basic framework for the execution of
managerial functions
orders to be followed in sequence
you need certain organization structures
with the
authorities and
responsibilities being
defined very clearly
then staffing you know like
how many graduate engineer training you
need as freshers
like you know some industries recruit
hundreds of people at as a phrase
graduate so thousands also some
industries recruit
now these organizations need to really
evaluate
how many people really they need
that's understaffing their training
their
appraisal reports so many things are
there in staffing
then directing
controlling
you plant something but
are the things really going as per the
plan or not
that also one has to look into
properly and control function comes in
now these are all functions being
carried out is a part of managerial
functions which is the middle part of a
systems concept that is uh processing
so processing here it means these
functions
and
what are the output or the objectives or
the end of it in resource is
you have some goods and or
services so for manufacturing industries
you can have goods and services for
service industries you
may not have goods but you can have only
services so these are in all we have
the systems approach and again the
systems may be closed loop systems
wherein you can take a feedback from
the output and
connect it to the input side that is in
reality uh take the feedback on the
outputs and have the remedial actions
right there if possible if not in
upcoming your tenure the planning period
you can have the corrective
actions here i refer these five books
and beyond this you can refer internet
also lots of things are available there
also
thank you everybody thank you
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