Biomas da Terra - Tundra
Summary
TLDRThis episode explores the Tundra biome, characterized by its vast, treeless plains with low temperatures rarely exceeding freezing. Found in polar regions like northern Canada, Sweden, and Siberia, the Tundra experiences short summers and long, cold winters with permafrost. Vegetation is dominated by mosses, lichens, and small shrubs, while fauna includes migratory species and residents like polar bears and Arctic foxes. The Arctic Tundra, the driest and coldest biome, receives minimal precipitation and has a unique 24-hour sunlight period in summer, influencing its adapted flora and fauna.
Takeaways
- 🌍 The Tundra biome is characterized by vast plains with low vegetation and a lack of water, typically found in Arctic regions.
- 🌡 The temperatures in the Tundra are consistently low, not exceeding the freezing point, and the area experiences short summers and long, cold winters.
- 🌳 The vegetation in the Tundra is predominantly dwarf shrubs, mosses, and lichens, with little to no large trees due to the harsh climate.
- 🐾 The fauna of the Tundra includes both migratory and resident species, such as polar bears, reindeer, and Arctic foxes, some of which change color with the seasons.
- ❄️ The Tundra experiences permafrost, where the soil remains frozen year-round, with a layer of ice beneath the surface that can be up to 600 meters thick.
- 🌱 The short summer season in the Tundra allows for some plant growth, despite the extreme cold, with the vegetation being mostly herbaceous.
- 🌑 The long winter in the Tundra lasts about 10 months, during which the vegetation is covered in ice and the temperatures are extremely low, ranging from -28 to -34 degrees Celsius.
- 🌦️ Precipitation in the Tundra is scarce, with annual rainfall typically between 15 to 25 cm, and the region is one of the driest and coldest on Earth.
- 🕊️ Migratory birds and caribou are among the species that undertake seasonal migrations, moving southward towards the Taiga as the winter approaches.
- 🌞 Despite the 24-hour sunlight during the summer months, the intensity of light is still low, yet sufficient for the development of the Tundra's vegetation and fauna.
Q & A
What is the Tundra biome characterized by?
-The Tundra biome is characterized by low temperatures, a lack of trees, and a landscape dominated by grasses, mosses, and lichens. It is typically found in high latitude regions.
Why is the Tundra biome called 'Tundra'?
-The term 'Tundra' comes from a Finnish word meaning 'treeless plain,' which accurately describes its treeless, flat landscape.
In which regions can the Tundra biome be found?
-The Tundra biome is mainly found in the Arctic regions, including parts of Canada, Sweden, Finland, and Siberia.
What is the significance of the short summer season in the Tundra?
-During the short summer season, which lasts approximately two months, the vegetation in the Tundra flourishes, and this is also the time when migratory species are present.
What types of vegetation are commonly found in the Tundra?
-The Tundra is dominated by low-lying vegetation such as grasses, mosses, and lichens, with some areas also featuring small shrubs.
How does the long winter season affect the Tundra biome?
-The long winter season, which lasts about 10 months, causes the vegetation to be covered in ice, and the temperatures drop significantly, affecting the survival and activity of the fauna.
What is the permafrost, and how does it impact the Tundra?
-Permafrost is a layer of soil that remains frozen for at least two consecutive years, and it significantly impacts the Tundra by creating a barrier that prevents water drainage and limits the growth of vegetation.
What are some animal species that are adapted to the Tundra's harsh conditions?
-Animals such as the polar bear, reindeer, Arctic fox, and lemmings are adapted to the Tundra's cold environment, with some changing their fur color to blend with the seasons.
How does the Tundra's climate affect its precipitation levels?
-The Tundra is one of the driest and coldest biomes on Earth, with annual precipitation levels ranging from about 15 to 25 cm, mostly in the form of snow.
What are some adaptations that Tundra animals have for survival during the winter?
-Tundra animals have various adaptations for survival, such as hibernation, migration, and changing fur color to match the environment. Some species also fluctuate in population numbers to cope with the harsh conditions.
What is the significance of the 24-hour sunlight during the Tundra's summer?
-Despite the continuous sunlight, the intensity is still low, but it is sufficient for the growth of vegetation and the activity of fauna during the brief summer season.
Outlines
🌨️ Tundra Biome Overview
The first paragraph introduces the Tundra biome, characterized by its vast plains, lack of water, and low temperatures that rarely exceed freezing. It is primarily found in Arctic regions, including parts of Canada, Sweden, Finland, and Siberia. The vegetation is predominantly low-lying, with mosses, lichens, and associations between green algae and fungi. Trees are scarce in this ecosystem. The Tundra experiences two main seasons: a short summer with brief periods of lush vegetation and a long, harsh winter with temperatures dropping to around -28 to -34 degrees Celsius. The soil remains frozen most of the year with a layer known as permafrost. Despite the extreme conditions, the Tundra supports a unique fauna, including migratory species and residents like the polar bear, musk ox, and Arctic fox, which changes its fur color with the seasons.
🐐 Alpine Tundra and Mountain Fauna
The second paragraph discusses the Alpine Tundra, which shares similar vegetation with the Tundra but is found at high altitudes. It mentions the presence of certain animals like mountain goats, alces (elk), and chamois. The paragraph concludes by signaling the end of the episode and inviting viewers to join for the next chapter, highlighting the educational nature of the content.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Tundra
💡Permafrost
💡Vegetation
💡Fauna
💡Migratory Species
💡Taiga
💡Climate
💡Precipitation
💡Decomposition
💡Arctic Fox
💡Reindeer
Highlights
Introduction to the Tundra biome, characterized by vast plains with low vegetation and absence of water.
Tundra biome is found in Arctic regions, including areas in Northern Canada, Sweden, Finland, and Siberia.
Vegetation in the Tundra is predominantly low-lying, with mosses, lichens, and associations of green algae and fungi.
The Tundra has two main seasons: a short summer and a long, cold winter lasting approximately 10 months.
Summer in the Tundra is characterized by brief periods of lush vegetation due to warmer temperatures.
Winter temperatures in the Tundra can drop to as low as -28 to -34 degrees Celsius.
Tundra soil remains frozen year-round, with a layer of ice known as permafrost that can be up to 600 meters thick.
The Tundra is the driest and coldest biome on Earth, with annual precipitation around 15 to 25 cm.
The Tundra supports a unique fauna, including migratory species and those that adapt to the extreme cold.
Animals such as the polar bear, reindeer, and Arctic fox are characteristic of the Tundra biome.
Some animals, like the Arctic fox, change their fur color to adapt to the seasons.
The Tundra experiences 24-hour daylight during the summer, albeit with low light intensity.
The soil in the Tundra is poorly drained and often appears wet and waterlogged during the summer.
Migratory species in the Tundra move southward during winter, primarily towards the Taiga biome.
The Taiga biome, adjacent to the Tundra, has similar vegetation but also features some trees and shrubs.
Fauna of the Taiga includes mountain goats, alces, and caribou, which are adapted to the cold climate.
The episode concludes with a teaser for the next chapter, promising more exploration of Earth's biomes.
Transcripts
salve salve pessoal iniciamos hoje o
nosso primeiro episódio dos biomas da
terra e começaremos um bioma Tundra e
aliás recebe esse nome por ser
caracterizado uma grande planície o
vegetação rasteira e ausência de água
as temperaturas baixas são recorrentes
Não de todo ano não ultrapasso o cérebro
graus celsius e uma se localiza
principalmente regiões artísticas mas
também zonas fantásticas e Alfenas do
Alto das montanhas no mapa nós podemos
observar alguns locais onde podemos
encontrar como por exemplo Orlândia
norte do Canadá Suécia Finlândia Sibéria
plástica entre ônibus e
é a vegetação desse ecossistema é
predominantemente rasteira caracterizada
por Minas musgos e liquens e são
associações entre algas verdes
unicelulares e fungos é heterotróficos
pluricelulares
o Augustus também são comuns nesse tipo
de ecossistema não existirem pode ser
alguma árvores de grande porte
e esse tipo de ecossistema tem
basicamente esse tipo de bioma tem
basicamente duas estações Soares o verão
e é muito curto caracterizado aí pô
aproximadamente dois meses do ano
vegetação frondosa justamente nessa era
tá onde a fauna também é caracterizada
por espécies migratórias algumas
espécies do local Mas algumas espécies
também migratórias Lembrando que mesmo
sendo Verão as temperaturas extremamente
baixas
o velho é aproximadamente já o inverno é
uma estação muito longa que dura
aproximadamente 10 meses do ano a
vegetação fica praticamente coberto por
gelo ano Pô esse temperatura esse
assunto um baixos e variam aí entre - 28
- 34 graus Celsius
em geral adulta é um bioma que se
desenvolvem permanentemente sobre solos
congelar é um bioma simples decomposição
vegetal simples e também muitas espécies
animais características
o Olá tica especial é o bioma mais seco
e frio da Terra as chuvas são escassas
que a quantidade de luz é muito pouco
para vocês terem uma ideia a
precipitação anual varia em torno de 15
a 25 cm por Lan considerando também a
prestação na forma de ideia
[Música]
o solo da Tundra Ártica permanece
coberto de Neve a maior parte do ano e
além disso nós encontramos uma camada de
gelo abaixo do solo conhecida como
permafrost e pode chegar aí até 600 m de
espessura a evaporação é muito baixa
dele do permafrost e o solo os uma
drenagem muito fraca apresentando um
aspecto úmido e encharcar durante o
verão a camada superficial do solo acima
do próximo ela acaba descongelando e
formando chatos e também plantamos esse
local período de sol chega a durar 24
horas mais intensidade Luminosa ainda é
muito baixa mas mesmo assim o suficiente
para o desenvolvimento da vegetação
e a fauna deste ecossistema
caracterizada tanto por espécies
residentes quanto por espécies
migratórias uma por exemplo urso polar o
boi almiscarado Lobos raposas e também
linguee.com um animal bastante curioso
inclusive muda sua cor da sua pelagem já
foi duas estações do ano por exemplo as
estações mais quentes ele é de que uma
cor mais pardacenta e no inverno ele
fica assim ó branquinho da forma que
vocês estão bem algumas animais algumas
espécies podem Bernard durante os
períodos mais frios dentre outras
espécies apresentam Tang flutuação
número de indivíduos ou por exemplo
sementes e são muito predados do verão
E aí
e a medida que o inverno se aproxima as
espécies migratórias se direcionam mais
ao sul principalmente em direção à Taiga
que o outro é quanto tempo dentre elas
nós temos as aves em geral São
migratórias e também as renas que
realizam migrações
é natural vinda por exemplo o clima
também é muito frio mas o sol apresenta
uma boa metragem porque lá a gente não
vai comprar o pé na próxima a vegetação
segue a mesma vegetação rasteira podendo
encontrar alguns arbustos mas também
encontramos algum animal alguma fauna
característica desses locais como por
exemplo a cabra da montanha os alces e
também Carneiro Roberto
Olá pessoal esse episódio termina por
aqui a cabeça atenção de todos que
encontro vocês no nosso próximo capítulo
abraço e tchau o
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