Media and Information Literacy | LESSON 16: PLAGIARISM | ButingShs | Grade12
Summary
TLDRThe video is a lesson on media and information literacy, specifically focusing on plagiarism. The teacher, Ms. Friesa Magno, explains what plagiarism is, its types, and the ethical implications. The lesson includes activities like pre-tests, paraphrasing exercises, and reflection questions to help students understand how to avoid plagiarism in their work. The discussion covers various forms of plagiarism, from direct copying to more complex forms like paraphrasing without proper citation. The video emphasizes the importance of originality, proper attribution, and respecting intellectual property, guiding students to maintain academic integrity in their writing and media use.
Takeaways
- 📚 Understanding plagiarism: The video provides a detailed explanation of what constitutes plagiarism, including its different forms.
- ✍️ Importance of citing sources: The video emphasizes the need to properly cite sources to avoid plagiarism.
- 📝 Paraphrasing vs. Quoting: The video explains the importance of paraphrasing in your own words and when it is necessary to use direct quotes.
- ❌ Common plagiarism mistakes: The video outlines common errors such as forgetting to cite, improper paraphrasing, and self-plagiarism.
- 🎶 Plagiarism beyond text: The video highlights that plagiarism can occur in various media forms, including music, videos, and images.
- 📖 Plagiarism in academic work: The video discusses how plagiarism can occur in academic settings and the consequences of such actions.
- 🔍 Detecting plagiarism: The video mentions how technology makes it easier to detect plagiarism in written and media content.
- 🧠 Ethical considerations: The video underscores the ethical implications of plagiarism and the importance of honesty in academic work.
- 🛠️ Tools to avoid plagiarism: The video suggests tools and methods, like citation guides (APA, MLA), to help avoid plagiarism.
- 📜 Personal commitment: The video encourages viewers to make a personal pledge to avoid plagiarism and to reflect on how to maintain academic integrity.
Q & A
What is the primary focus of this lesson?
-The primary focus of the lesson is on understanding plagiarism, including its different forms, the ethical implications, and ways to avoid it.
What is plagiarism according to Dictionary.com?
-Plagiarism is defined as a piece of writing that has been copied from someone else and is presented as being your own work.
What are some examples of plagiarism as mentioned in the lesson?
-Examples include copying text word for word without citation, paraphrasing without proper attribution, and using media like images, videos, or music without permission or proper citation.
Why is it important to cite sources when using someone else's work?
-Citing sources is crucial because it acknowledges the original creator's work, adds credibility to your own work, and helps avoid accusations of plagiarism.
What is the 'ghost writer' form of plagiarism?
-The 'ghost writer' form of plagiarism occurs when a writer submits another person's work word for word as their own.
How does 'self-plagiarism' occur, and how can it be avoided?
-Self-plagiarism occurs when a writer reuses significant portions of their own previous work without citation. It can be avoided by properly citing the previous work, just as one would cite the work of others.
What is the difference between 'source not cited' and 'source cited but still plagiarized'?
-'Source not cited' refers to using someone else's work without any acknowledgment, while 'source cited but still plagiarized' refers to improper citation, such as inaccurate citations or failing to use quotation marks when directly quoting.
What is the 'resourceful citer' form of plagiarism?
-The 'resourceful citer' form of plagiarism occurs when a writer properly cites sources but the paper contains almost no original work, relying entirely on paraphrased or quoted material.
Why might students commit plagiarism, according to the lesson?
-Students might commit plagiarism due to fear of failure, poor time management, lack of confidence in their own work, or because they believe cheating is acceptable.
What are some common modern forms of media plagiarism?
-Common forms include copying images from websites, using copyrighted music in videos without permission, and remixing or altering copyrighted images or videos without proper attribution.
Outlines
📚 Introduction and Opening Prayer
The video begins with a greeting from Miss Friesa Magno, who welcomes the class back to their Media and Information Literacy lesson. The focus of today's lesson is on plagiarism. Before diving into the main topic, the class starts with a prayer asking for guidance from the Lord Jesus Christ to help them listen attentively, value each other's contributions, and apply their learning correctly.
📝 Pre-Test and Introduction to Plagiarism Cases
Students are instructed to take a short pre-test on plagiarism by listing down everything they know about the topic. After the pre-test, Miss Magno discusses high-profile plagiarism cases in the Philippines, specifically the allegations against Senator Tito Sotto and a controversy involving the Department of Tourism's 'Philippines So Beautiful' campaign. These examples set the stage for a deeper discussion on plagiarism.
🎶 Defining Plagiarism and Ethical Considerations
This section explains what plagiarism is, defining it as copying or borrowing someone else's work without proper acknowledgment. The teacher raises questions about the ethics of using others' work, particularly in creative fields like music. The dictionary definition of plagiarism is provided, and the concept is described as a form of fraud that involves both stealing and lying about it. Various forms of plagiarism are introduced, including intentional and unintentional acts.
🧐 Exploring Different Types of Plagiarism
Here, the video delves into specific types of plagiarism, such as ghostwriting, photocopying, and patchwriting. Each type is explained in detail, with examples illustrating how plagiarism can occur even when a writer changes words slightly or blends others' ideas into their work without proper citation. The video emphasizes that understanding these forms is crucial in avoiding plagiarism.
🎨 Plagiarism Beyond Text: Media and Music
The discussion expands to plagiarism in non-text forms, such as images, videos, and music. The video stresses that plagiarism is not limited to written work and includes unauthorized use of media in various formats. Examples are provided, such as using copyrighted music in videos or replicating visual works in different mediums, highlighting the importance of respecting intellectual property across all media types.
💡 Strategies to Avoid Plagiarism
The video concludes by offering strategies to avoid plagiarism, such as proper paraphrasing, citation, and acknowledging sources. It emphasizes the importance of citing not only others' work but also one's own previous work to avoid self-plagiarism. The section also provides practical exercises for students to practice paraphrasing and reflect on their understanding of plagiarism, encouraging them to make a personal pledge against it.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Plagiarism
💡Ethics
💡Citation
💡Paraphrasing
💡Intellectual Property
💡Self-plagiarism
💡Quoting
💡Turnitin
💡Ghostwriting
💡Academic Integrity
Highlights
Introduction to the media and information literacy class by Ms. Friesa Magno.
The importance of plagiarism as today's main topic.
Guided prayer for the class, emphasizing divine guidance in learning.
Pre-test activity asking students to write what they know about plagiarism.
Interactive review using a crossword puzzle to recap previous lessons.
Discussion of high-profile plagiarism cases in the Philippines, including those involving Senator Tito Sotto and the Department of Tourism.
Definition of plagiarism and its seriousness, including the ethical implications.
Exploration of whether it’s acceptable for musicians to use others' lyrics with or without attribution.
Introduction of the Turnitin white paper’s ten types of plagiarism, such as 'clone,' 'remix,' and 'mashup.'
Explanation of intentional versus unintentional plagiarism and how paraphrasing can lead to the latter.
Examples of different types of plagiarism, including 'ghost writer,' 'photocopy,' and 'potluck paper.'
Discussion of 'self-stealing' or self-plagiarism and the importance of citing your own previous work.
Explanation of plagiarism involving cited sources, such as 'forgotten footnote' and 'misinformer.'
The importance of properly citing all sources to avoid 'perfect crime' plagiarism.
Highlight on plagiarism of non-text media, including images, music, and videos, and how it applies to modern technology.
Ways to avoid plagiarism, including paraphrasing correctly, using citations, and recognizing intellectual property rights.
Paraphrasing exercise provided to reinforce proper techniques.
Legal versus illegal actions in the context of daily activities related to plagiarism.
Final reflection exercise encouraging students to pledge against plagiarism and consider the ethical implications of their actions.
Closing remarks by Ms. Friesa Magno, encouraging students to stay safe and continue learning.
Transcripts
so
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
good day class welcome back to our media
and information literacy class i am miss
friesa magno and i will be your teacher
for today's topic
and today
we will be discussing plagiarism
at the end of the learning period you
should be able to
[Music]
before we start our discussion let us
first ask the guidance of our lord jesus
christ
[Music]
lord
we offer to you our class today
we pray that through your divine
guidance we would learn how to listen
attentively to the inputs of our teacher
may we value each other's contributions
as a building block towards harmony and
peace and we would be able to apply
correctly what we have learned today
grant that as we interact with one
another we recognize the fact that all
our learning activities should be
accomplished for your greater lord
all this we asked in your powerful name
amen
[Music]
before going on to our new topic for
today's discussion let us first have a
short pre-test
please get your mil worksheets or your
mil notebooks and answer the following
questions
please proceed with the pre-test part in
your mil module and complete the table
by listing down everything you know
about plagiarism
you can write up to three items for each
category
i will give you two minutes to complete
this task timer starts now
[Music]
time's up
please hold on to your answers and later
you can send it to your mil teacher for
checking
let's review the past lesson by
completing this crossword puzzle
read the clues on the right part and
identify what is being asked in each
number
read these clues and identify what is
being asked in each number
i will give you three minutes to
complete this task
timer starts now
[Music]
time's up
and here are the correct answers always
remember
honesty is the best policy you may now
check and record your scores
are you familiar with this issues
how about this one
yes that's right
these are some of the hottest issues of
plagiarism in the philippines based from
the spot.ph article about the copycat
nation ten high-profile plagiarism cases
in the philippines these two cases had
been slammed by the netizens for a
matter of time
the first issue was about the
allegations against senator tito sato
case of plagiarism
he states that i am being accused of
plagiarism that i plagiarized a speech
of former president john f kennedy and
used his words as my own in my speech in
the senate against the rh or
reproductive health bill
the second photo was in november 2010
barely a week after the department of
tourism or dot unveiled its philippines
so beautiful campaign people were
enraged by its logo
things just got worse when netizens like
blogger spanky heisen enriquez pointed
out that the logo was similar to the one
used in poland's tourism campaign
it wasn't clear who was to blame for the
copied logo as campaigns in gray the
advertising agency involved in the
project said their role was only in an
advisory capacity
the question is what can be the reason
why
what is the issues all about
in this session you will learn what to
do to avoid committing mistakes like
this which is called as
plagiarism
[Music]
many people think of plagiarism as
copying another's work or borrowing
someone else's original ideas
but terms like copying and borrowing can
disguise the seriousness of the
different offenses
this can also be an ethical or
inappropriate means of copying and
borrowing
when we do the research and we seek
information to various sources and media
any idea we get should be acknowledged
appropriately
the question is
is it okay for a singer to use the
lyrics from another singer's song and
sell the song as if it is their own
can a musician use some of the lyrics
from another song how much is okay
what if the musician clearly refers to
the original artist while using the
words like a tribute is that okay
those are the different questions that
we will answer as we go along with our
discussion today
what is plagiarism
the dictionary.com defines plagiarism as
a piece of writing that has been copied
from someone else and is presented as
being your own work
it can also be viewed as an act of using
another person's words or ideas without
giving credit to that person
the turnitin white paper on categories
of plagiarism makes provision for 10
kinds of plagiarism in order of severity
which includes
clone control plus c find replace remix
recycle hybrid mashup 404 error
aggregator retweet
any written work published or
unpublished can be plagiarized
the act can be intentional or
unintentional which is explained by the
university of oxford last 2018.
in other words plagiarism is an act of
fraud
it involves both stealing someone else's
work and lying about it afterward
sometimes plagiarism is simply
dishonesty if you buy borrow or steal an
essay to turn in as your own work you
are plagiarizing
if you copy word for word or change a
word here and there while copying
without enclosing the copied passage in
quotation marks and identifying the
author you are also plagiarizing
but plagiarism can be more complicated
in act and intent
paraphrasing stating someone else's
ideas in your own words can lead you to
unintentional plagiarism
jotting down notes and ideas from
sources and then using them without
proper attributions to the authors or
titles in introductory phrases may
result in a paper that is only a blend
of your words combined with the words of
others that appear to be yours
let us discuss one by one where can we
categorize these situations
anyone who has written or graded a paper
knows that plagiarism is not always a
black and white issue
the boundary between plagiarism and
research is often unclear learning to
recognize the various forms of
plagiarism especially the more ambiguous
ones is an important step in the fight
to prevent it
plagiarism comes in various forms
the source is not cited
and the sources cited but still
plagiarism
the first type is called as the ghost
writer
one of the forms of plagiarism wherein
the writer turns in another's work word
for word as his or her own
quotation marks around all the copied
text followed by a parenthetical
citation would avoid plagiarism in this
case
but even if that were done a reader
might wonder why so much was quoted from
the first place
the photocopy
the writer copies significant portions
of text straight from a single source
without alteration
in this case the exact ideas in the
source are followed very closely too
closely simply by substituting your own
words and sentences for those of the
original
when the writer tries to disguise
plagiarism by copying from several
different sources tweaking the sentences
to make them fit together while
retaining most of the original phrasing
is called as the potluck paper
this refers to copying exact phrases
from someone else's work without using
quotation marks or paraphrasing
this is sometimes called patch writing
in this case although the writer has
retained the essential content of the
source he or she has altered the paper's
appearance slightly by changing keywords
and phrases
example the words and phrases lifted
verbatim or with only slight changes are
italicized
next when the writer takes the time to
paraphrase most of the paper from other
sources and make it all fit together
instead of spending the same effort on
original work
and the last one for sources not cited
is called the self-stealer
the writer borrows generously from his
or her previous work violating policies
concerning the expectation of
originality adopted by most academic
institutions
this happens when you submit the same
material to different teachers and
passing it off as being written
specifically for a certain subject
course
cite your own work
if you used information from previous
personal work cite it treat it the same
way you would treat someone else's work
this will help you avoid committing
self-plagiarism
the next type of plagiarism is sources
cited
but still plagiarized
the first one is the forgotten footnote
when the writer mentions an author's
name for a source but neglects to
include specific information on the
location of the material referenced
this often masks other forms of
plagiarism by obscuring source locations
this happens when a writer forgets to
cite sources for non-original ideas
when the writer provides inaccurate
information regarding the sources making
it impossible to find them
it is called as the misinformer
the two perfect paraphrase writer
properly cites a source but neglects to
put in quotation marks text that has
been copied word for word or close to it
although attributing the basic ideas to
the source the writer is falsely
claiming original presentation and
interpretation of the information
using exact quotes should be reserved
for situations where the original author
has stated the idea in a better way than
any paraphrase you might come up with
in the above case the information could
be summed up and simply paraphrased with
a proper citation because the idea even
in your words belongs to someone else
the resourceful cider
the writer properly cites all sources
paraphrasing and using quotations
appropriately
the catch
the paper contains almost no original
work it is sometimes difficult to spot
this form of plagiarism because it looks
like any other well-researched document
the perfect crime
in this case the writer properly quotes
and cites sources in some places but
goes on to paraphrase other arguments
from those sources without citation
the perfect crime
in this case the writer properly quotes
and cites sources in some places but
goes on to paraphrase other arguments
from those sources without citation
according to the kent state university
students commit plagiarism for various
reasons some may fear failure or taking
risks with their own work
others may suffer from poor time
management or plan poorly for writing
and so have no choice but to plagiarize
still others may view cheating as
acceptable they may not however be the
only one to blame
what about images videos and music
based from the affordable colleges
online plagiarism does not solely apply
to written work
words ideas images sounds videos and
other media can be plagiarized
using an image video or piece of music
in a work you have produced without
receiving proper permission or providing
appropriate citation as plagiarism
the expression of original ideas is
considered intellectual property and is
protected by copyright laws just like
original inventions
almost all forms of expression fall
under copyright protection as long as
they are recorded in some media such as
a book or a computer file
the following activities are very common
in today's society despite their
popularity they still count as
plagiarism
copying media especially images from
other websites to paste them into your
own papers or websites
making a video using footage from others
videos or using copyrighted music as
part of the soundtrack
performing another person's copyrighted
music like playing a cover
and lastly composing a piece of music
that borrows heavily from another
composition
certainly these media pose situations in
which it can be challenging to determine
whether or not the copyrights of a work
are being violated
for example
a photograph or scan of a copyrighted
image using a photograph of a book cover
to represent that book on one's website
[Music]
second is by recording an audio or video
in which copyrighted music or video is
playing in the background
[Music]
when you are recreating a visual work in
the same medium
[Music]
for example shooting a photograph that
uses the same composition and subject
matter as someone else's photograph
recreating a visual work in a different
medium like making a painting that
closely resembles another person's
photograph
[Music]
and lastly remixing or altering
copyrighted images video or audio even
if done so in an original way
when thinking about plagiarism it is
hard to avoid talking about ideas as if
they were objects like tables and chairs
obviously that's not the case you should
not feel that you are under pressure to
invent completely new ideas
instead original writing consists of
thinking through ideas and expressing
them in your own way
in this time of modern technology it is
hard to detect most plagiarism that's
why we need to talk about how can you
avoid committing plagiarism
citing publish work to support your
ideas and statements when writing is
necessary it adds credibility to your
work
there is however a proper way to do that
so you will not be accused of
plagiarizing someone's work
here are six ways to avoid committing
plagiarism by turnitin 2017
the first one is through paraphrase
if you find information that fits your
written work read it carefully then
rewrite it using your own words and do
not exactly copy more than two
consecutive words from it
if you do use quotation marks and
properly cite their source
here's the thing
paraphrase is a valuable rhetorical
technique you should use it to simplify
or summarize so that others ideas or
information properly attributed in the
introduction and documented in a
parenthetical citation may be woven into
the pattern of your own ideas
you should not use paraphrase simply to
avoid quotation you should use it to
express another's important ideas in
your own words when those ideas are not
expressed in a way that is useful to
quote directly
cite
always follow the prescribed document
formatting guidelines like apa mla
chicago and etc
a source citation usually includes the
author's name and publication date
when quoting directly copy the exact
word phrase sentence or paragraph the
author wrote then enclose in quotation
marks
[Music]
you do not want to misquote anyone
use block quotes but only if really
needed any student should be able to
properly paraphrase most materials so
whenever possible avoid entire blocks of
quote
quotation marks around all the copied
text followed by a parenthetical
citation would avoid plagiarism in this
case
when citing a quote source include the
page for a book or paragraph for web
content number
cite your own quote
if you used information from previous
personal work cite it
treat it the same way you would treat
someone else's work
this will help you avoid committing
self-plagiarism
cite all of your references
this is a way to acknowledge the hard
work of the people whose work helped you
complete yours
most cases of plagiarism can be avoided
however by citing sources
simply acknowledging that certain
material has been borrowed and providing
your audience with the information
necessary to find that source is usually
enough to prevent plagiarism
now let me discuss to you the activities
you are going to work on after this
video lesson
those who have printed module may write
their answer on the activity sheets and
those who have e-module again write your
answer on your mil notebook
let's practice paraphrasing
paraphrase the following sentences write
your answers on the space provided in
your modules
[Music]
this quarantine period people are more
exposed to the different modern
technology which gives way to the
availability of an easy access to all
kinds of information
given here are the different situations
that we do every day decide whether the
following actions are legal or illegal
[Music]
cuz value matters
it's reflection time
after knowing the do's and don't about
plagiarism kindly get a piece of paper
or any notepad
[Music]
complete the sentence and post it in any
place where you can see this often
especially when you are working on with
your school tasks
it will serve as reminder that you would
not commit plagiarism or any form of
stealing
i would never think of taking blank
without asking
after finishing writing your pledge you
may answer the following questions
what did you learn from the lesson today
what do you personally plan to do to
avoid plagiarism
and what do you personally plan to do so
you won't be victimized by or
unknowingly spread false information
you may write your answers on the space
provided inside your modules
you may ask the assistance of an adult
members in the household to check your
answers in all the activities
and that's all for today i believe you
have truly learned the concept and
values of today's session again this is
miss risa magno stay safe and happy
learning
[Music]
you
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