NestJS in 100 Seconds
Summary
TLDRNestJS是一个基于Node.js的框架,专为构建可扩展的服务器端应用而设计。使用TypeScript编写,支持Fastify或Express,使开发过程快速且代码可预测、易读。NestJS支持REST和GraphQL API,并可用于构建全栈应用,类似于Laravel或Ruby on Rails。它包含大量内置模块,用于数据库操作、安全性处理、实现流等服务器端功能。NestJS拥有强大的命令行工具,通过'nest new'命令可以快速搭建新项目,自带Jest测试和TypeScript配置。核心概念包括控制器、提供者和模块,以支持高效的代码组织和复杂性管理。
Takeaways
- 😀 NestJS 是一个使用 TypeScript 构建可扩展服务端应用的 Node.js 框架
- 📝 它提供了一套利用 Fastify 或 Express 以加速开发和产生可预测可读代码的工具
- 🔨 它内置支持 REST 和 GraphQL API,或者可以用来构建 MVC 模式的全栈应用
- 💡 它有强大的命令行工具,可以通过 nest new 命令快速搭建带测试和 TypeScript 的项目
- 🛠 控制器是框架的基本构建块,用于处理请求和返回响应
- 🔧 提供器包含了可在全应用中共享和注入的逻辑
- 📲 管道可用于有效验证和转换控制器中的值
- 🛡 守卫可用于基于角色的用户认证
- 📦 模块装饰器允许代码分块以便按需加载,提高无服务环境下的速度
- 👍 NestJS 通过装饰器和代码生成器提高开发效率与组织性
Q & A
Nest.js 是什么类型的框架?
-Nest.js 是一个基于 Node.js 的用于构建可扩展服务器端应用程序的框架。
Nest.js 使用什么语言编写?
-Nest.js 使用 TypeScript 编写,可以帮助我们编写更加可读和可靠的代码。
Nest.js 内置了哪些模块?
-Nest.js 内置了用于处理数据库、安全性、流处理等多种模块。
Nest.js 的核心组成部分有哪些?
-Nest.js 的核心组成部分包含控制器、提供者、模块等。
控制器的主要作用是什么?
-控制器负责处理传入的 HTTP 请求并返回响应。
提供者主要用于什么?
-提供者包含可在整个应用程序中共享的逻辑,并可以作为依赖项进行注入。
模块的作用是什么?
-模块允许按更小的代码块组织代码,并可以延迟加载以在无服务器环境中更快速运行。
Nest.js 有哪些主要的 decorators?
-Nest.js 的主要 decorators 包括控制器、提供者、模块等。
Nest.js 如何处理动态路由参数?
-可以通过在控制器 decorator 中传递字符串来处理动态路由参数。
Nest.js 的优点有哪些?
-Nest.js 具有代码可读性好、开发速度快、内置模块丰富等优点。
Outlines
😊 NestJS框架介绍
概述NestJS的主要功能:提供控制器来处理请求和返回响应;使用装饰器实现路由和请求处理;依赖注入与提供者共享逻辑;管道验证和转换数据;模块组织代码。总体上是Node.js的类型安全、可扩展的服务端框架。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡框架
💡控制器
💡提供者
💡模块
💡装饰器
💡CLI
💡TypeScript
💡REST
💡GraphQL
💡数据库
Highlights
Nest.js 是一个用 TypeScript 构建可扩展服务器端应用的 Node.js 框架
它提供了利用 Express 或 Fastify 进行快速开发和编写可读代码的一套工具
开箱即用地支持 REST 和 GraphQL API
内置支持数据库、安全性、流媒体等各种服务器端功能的模块
强大的命令行工具,可以通过 nest new 命令脚手架一个预配置的项目
控制器负责处理请求和返回响应,是框架的基础构建块
Provider 是一个可以在应用中注入共享逻辑的类
模块系统允许代码分块组织,支持按需懒加载
Transcripts
nest js is a node.js framework for
building scalable server-side
applications with typescript it provides
a suite of tools that leverage either
fastify or express to facilitate
rapid development and predictable
readable code it supports rest and
graphql apis out of the box or you might
use it to build a full stack application
using the model view controller pattern
similar to frameworks like laravel
or ruby on rails and it contains a ton
of built-in modules to work with
databases
handle security implement streaming and
anything else you can imagine doing in a
server side application
nest has its own very powerful command
line tool and you can scaffold out a new
project with the nest
new command that provides a code base
pre-configured with jest for testing and
set up with typescript to help us write
more readable and reliable code in the
source directory you'll notice a
controller which is a fundamental
building block of the framework
it's responsible for handling incoming
http requests
and returning responses back to the
client to implement a controller simply
add the controller decorator
to a class then inside the class you can
implement methods
and decorate them with http verbs like
git
post patch put etc by default this will
create an http endpoint on the root url
but you can pass a string to the
decorator to
change the route or implement dynamic
route parameters in addition
nest provides other decorators to
control things like the status code and
headers then
in the method itself parameter
decorators can be used to access the
request parameters or body
and finally the return value from the
method is the response body
that gets sent back down to the client
what's awesome about nest
is that you can use the cli to
automatically generate more controllers
to keep your code organized as it grows
in complexity
but there's more to nest than just
controllers a provider is a class that
contains shared logic throughout the
entire application
and can be injected as a dependency
where needed any class with the
injectable decorator can be injected in
the constructor of another class
for example a provider can be
implemented as a guard to handle
role-based user authentication
or it might be implemented as a pipe to
efficiently validate and transform
values in a controller
and lastly we have the module decorator
which allows code to be organized into
smaller chunks
where it can be lazy loaded to run
faster in serverless environments
this has been nest js in 100 seconds if
you want to see more short videos like
this
make sure to hit the like button and
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see you in the next one
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