PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT (1872-1898) - PART I

Summary

In this engaging video, the host introduces a discussion on the period of enlightenment in Philippine history (1872-1898), highlighting key figures like José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano López Jaena. The host, portrayed as 'Dr. Rizal Version 2,' explains the significance of their works in awakening Filipino nationalism and advocating for reforms. The video also includes reflections on Rizal’s influence, particularly his belief in the power of words over violence, and a discussion with the host's sister on her admiration for Rizal’s dedication to the youth.

Takeaways

• 🎙️ The host, Clean Intellectually, introduces the show and dives into a discussion on Philippine history, particularly the period of Spanish colonization.
• 📅 The script highlights the execution of Filipino priests GomBurZa in 1872 as a pivotal event that sparked the Filipino spirit of nationalism.
• 🌍 The period from 1872 to 1898 is identified as a time of enlightenment in the Philippines, driven by the Propaganda Movement led by intellectuals like José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano López Jaena.
• 📚 Dr. José Rizal's works, including 'Noli Me Tangere' and 'El Filibusterismo,' are celebrated for exposing the evils of Spanish colonial rule and inspiring the revolution.
• 🖋️ The Propaganda Movement sought reforms such as equal treatment under the law, representation in the Spanish government, and freedom of speech and press for Filipinos.
• 📝 Marcelo H. del Pilar, also a key figure, is known for his satirical writings that criticized the abuses of the Spanish clergy and government.
• 🗞️ Graciano López Jaena, another leader, used his writing to rally Filipinos towards the cause of independence through his work with the newspaper 'La Solidaridad.'
• ✍️ The script underscores José Rizal's belief in the power of writing over violence, as he used his pen to inspire Filipinos to seek justice and independence.
• 📖 Kate, a character in the script, admires José Rizal the most, particularly for his poem 'To the Filipino Youth,' which encourages young people to use their talents for the nation's benefit.
• 🎬 The script concludes with a casual conversation between siblings, reflecting on the significance of the Propaganda Movement and its leaders.

Q & A

Who were the three priests mentioned in the script, and what happened to them?

The three priests mentioned are Gomes, Burgos, and Zamora. They were guillotined without sufficient evidence of guilt on February 17th, which led to the spiritual awakening of Filipinos under Spanish rule.

Why was the period from 1872 to 1898 considered the 'Period of Enlightenment' in the Philippines?

The period from 1872 to 1898 was considered the 'Period of Enlightenment' because it was marked by the rise of the Propaganda Movement led by intellectuals like José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano López Jaena. They sought reforms and changes, including equal treatment under the law, representation in the Spanish courts, and freedom of speech.

What were the five main objectives of the Propaganda Movement?

The five main objectives of the Propaganda Movement were: 1) to seek equal treatment for Filipinos and Spaniards under the law, 2) to make the Philippines a colony of Spain, 3) to restore Philippine representation in the Spanish courts, 4) to Philippineize the parishes, and 5) to give Filipinos freedom of speech, the press, assembly, and redress of grievances.

What is the significance of José Rizal's novel 'Noli Me Tangere'?

'Noli Me Tangere' is significant because it exposed the evils of the Spanish-run government in the Philippines and played a key role in inspiring the Propaganda Movement and the eventual revolution against Spanish rule.

What are some of the notable works of José Rizal mentioned in the script?

Notable works of José Rizal mentioned include 'Noli Me Tangere,' 'El Filibusterismo,' 'Mi Último Adiós,' 'Sobre la Indolencia de los Filipinos,' and 'Filipinas Dentro de Cien Años.' These works exposed societal and governmental issues in the Philippines and inspired the fight for independence.

Who was Marcelo H. del Pilar, and what was his contribution to the Propaganda Movement?

Marcelo H. del Pilar was a key figure in the Propaganda Movement, known for his writings and leadership. He founded the newspaper 'Diariong Tagalog,' exposed the abuses of Spanish authorities, and replaced Graciano López Jaena as editor of 'La Solidaridad.' His works include 'Dasalan at Tocsohan' and 'Sagot ng Espanya sa Hibik ng Pilipinas.'

What challenges did Marcelo H. del Pilar face during his activism?

Marcelo H. del Pilar faced significant challenges, including forced exile to Spain to avoid banishment due to his writings. Despite suffering from tuberculosis, he continued his activism and ultimately died in Spain without being able to say goodbye to his family.

Who was Graciano López Jaena, and what was his role in the Propaganda Movement?

Graciano López Jaena was a prominent figure in the Propaganda Movement, known for his oratory skills and writings. He was the first editor of 'La Solidaridad,' a publication that advocated for reforms in the Philippines. His works include 'Fray Botod' and other essays that criticized Spanish friars.

How did José Rizal use his writings to fight for Filipino independence?

José Rizal used his writings, such as 'Noli Me Tangere,' 'El Filibusterismo,' and various essays, to expose the injustices faced by Filipinos under Spanish rule. He believed in peaceful reform through education and intellectual awakening, proving that the pen is mightier than the sword.

What is the message of José Rizal's poem 'A la Juventud Filipina' (To the Filipino Youth)?

The message of 'A la Juventud Filipina' is to inspire the Filipino youth to use their talents and abilities not only for their personal success but also for the betterment of their country. Rizal emphasized the importance of youth in nation-building and the future of the Philippines.

Outlines

00:00

🎙️ Introduction and Historical Background

The host introduces the show, mentioning the impact of the Spanish rule in the Philippines and the significant event of the execution of three priests, which sparked a spirit of nationalism among Filipinos. The episode discusses the period of enlightenment in Philippine history and features a special guest, 'Dr. Rizal Version 2,' who is an advocate of Philippine literature.

05:01

📚 Dr. Jose Rizal's Life and Contributions

The guest, 'Dr. Rizal Version 2,' delves into the period between 1872 and 1896, known as the period of enlightenment in Philippine literature. He highlights the propaganda movement led by intellectuals like Jose Rizal, who sought reforms such as equal treatment under the law, representation in Spanish courts, and freedom of speech. The segment also covers Rizal's education, his execution for sedition, and his significant literary works like 'Noli Me Tangere,' 'El Filibusterismo,' and 'Mi Último Adiós,' which played a crucial role in awakening Filipino nationalism.

10:04

✍️ Marcelo H. del Pilar's Advocacy and Writings

This segment focuses on Marcelo H. del Pilar, another leader of the propaganda movement. Born in 1815, Del Pilar was a journalist and satirist who exposed the abuses of the Spanish government and the clergy through his writings. He founded 'Diariong Tagalog' and later became the editor of 'La Solidaridad' in Spain. Despite his illness, Del Pilar continued his advocacy until his death from tuberculosis. His notable works include 'Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa,' a translated version of Rizal's 'Amor Patrio,' and 'Dasalan at Tocsohan,' which satirically criticized the Spanish friars.

15:06

📰 Graciano López Jaena and the Propaganda Movement

The final segment discusses Graciano López Jaena, another prominent figure in the propaganda movement. Born in 1856, López Jaena was a writer and orator who inspired both Spaniards and Filipinos. His most famous work, 'Fray Botod,' criticized the corruption of the clergy. Despite his short life, López Jaena's contributions to Philippine literature and his role in the movement for independence remain influential. The segment concludes with reflections on the bravery and intellectual leadership of these key figures during the Philippine enlightenment period.

Keywords

💡Period of Enlightenment

The Period of Enlightenment in Philippine history (1872-1898) refers to a time when Filipinos, inspired by liberal ideas, became more aware of their national identity and rights. This period saw the rise of intellectuals who sought reforms and laid the groundwork for the eventual fight for independence from Spanish colonial rule. The video discusses this era as a key moment in the development of Philippine nationalism.

💡Propaganda Movement

The Propaganda Movement was an organized effort by Filipino intellectuals during the late 19th century to push for reforms in the Spanish colonial government. Key figures like José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano López Jaena led this movement, advocating for equal rights, freedom of speech, and representation in the Spanish Cortes. The video emphasizes the movement's role in awakening Filipino nationalism and its influence on literature and politics.

💡José Rizal

José Rizal was a Filipino nationalist, writer, and revolutionary who is widely considered a national hero. His works, such as 'Noli Me Tangere' and 'El Filibusterismo,' exposed the injustices of Spanish rule and inspired the Filipino people to seek independence. The video highlights Rizal's contributions to the Propaganda Movement and his enduring impact on Philippine history and literature.

💡Noli Me Tangere

'Noli Me Tangere' is a novel written by José Rizal that played a crucial role in the Philippine revolution against Spanish rule. The book exposes the corruption and abuses of the Spanish government and the Catholic Church in the Philippines. In the video, 'Noli Me Tangere' is mentioned as a work that ignited the spirit of the Propaganda Movement and laid the foundation for the fight for independence.

💡Marcelo H. del Pilar

Marcelo H. del Pilar was a Filipino writer, lawyer, and propagandist who played a leading role in the Propaganda Movement. He edited the newspaper 'La Solidaridad,' which became the voice of Filipino reformists in Spain. The video discusses his contributions to the movement, including his satirical works that criticized the Spanish clergy and called for political and social reforms.

💡La Solidaridad

'La Solidaridad' was the official publication of the Propaganda Movement, edited by Marcelo H. del Pilar. It served as a platform for Filipino intellectuals to express their grievances and push for reforms under Spanish colonial rule. The video mentions this newspaper as a key tool in spreading the ideas of the Propaganda Movement and mobilizing support for the cause.

💡El Filibusterismo

'El Filibusterismo' is the sequel to José Rizal's 'Noli Me Tangere.' This novel continues to criticize the Spanish colonial government and the Catholic Church, focusing on the political and social issues that plagued the Philippines. The video references 'El Filibusterismo' as a significant work that, along with 'Noli Me Tangere,' contributed to the awakening of Filipino nationalism.

💡Graciano López Jaena

Graciano López Jaena was a Filipino journalist, orator, and one of the key leaders of the Propaganda Movement. He was the founder of 'La Solidaridad,' where he published articles advocating for reforms and criticizing the abuses of the Spanish government. The video acknowledges his role in the movement and his influence on Philippine literature and politics.

💡My Last Farewell

'My Last Farewell' (Mi Último Adiós) is a poem written by José Rizal shortly before his execution. It expresses his love for the Philippines and his hope for its freedom. The video references this poem as one of Rizal's most significant works, symbolizing his sacrifice for the country and his enduring legacy as a national hero.

💡Sedition

Sedition refers to conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state. José Rizal was charged with sedition by the Spanish colonial government due to his writings, which were seen as inciting rebellion against Spanish rule. The video mentions Rizal's execution for sedition, highlighting the Spanish authorities' fear of his influence on the Filipino people's desire for independence.

Highlights

The execution of the three priests, Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora, in 1872, marked a spiritual awakening among Filipinos and fueled the desire for change.

The opening of the Philippines to world trade and the arrival of liberal Governor Carlos Maria de la Torre ignited the spirit of rebellion among Filipinos.

The propaganda movement, led by intellectuals like Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena, sought significant reforms from the Spanish government.

Jose Rizal's novels, 'Noli Me Tangere' and 'El Filibusterismo,' played a pivotal role in exposing societal and governmental evils, fueling the revolution against Spain.

Rizal's poem 'Mi Ultimo Adiós,' written before his execution, remains one of his most powerful and moving works.

Marcelo H. del Pilar, under the pen names Plaridel and Dolores Manapat, published satirical works criticizing the Spanish clergy and advocating for reforms.

Del Pilar's publication 'Diariong Tagalog' was a key platform for exposing the abuses of the Spanish government in the Philippines.

Graciano Lopez Jaena, another prominent leader of the propaganda movement, was known for his powerful oratory and writings that inspired many Filipinos.

The period of 1872 to 1896 is considered the Enlightenment period in Philippine literature, marked by a surge in nationalistic writings and reformist ideas.

Rizal's work 'Filipinas Dentro de Cien Años' predicted the increasing influence of the United States in the Philippines and the decline of European colonial powers.

Rizal's 'A La Juventud Filipina' encouraged Filipino youth to use their talents for the betterment of the nation.

Marcelo H. del Pilar's essay 'La Soberania en Filipinas' highlighted the injustices committed by Spanish friars against Filipinos.

Lopez Jaena's speeches and writings continued to be influential even after his death, contributing to the nationalistic fervor of the time.

Rizal's belief in the power of the pen over the sword emphasized the importance of intellectual and peaceful resistance in the fight for independence.

The role of literature and journalism during this period was crucial in uniting Filipinos and spreading the message of reform and independence.

Transcripts

hi everyone

i'm clean intellectually and welcome

to clean's show

[Music]

let's have a glimpse from the past

after 300 years of passivity under

spanish rule

the filipino is spiritually awakened

when the three priests

gomes brugus and zamora were

guillotined without sufficient evidence

of guilt

this occurred on the 17th of february

this was but rest with the spirit of

liberalism when

the philippines opened its doors to the

word trade

and with the coming of the liberal

leader in the person of governor

carlos maria de la torre

the spaniards were unable to suppress

the tide of rebellion among the

filipinos

the once religious spirit transported

itself

into one of the nationalism and the

filipinos demanded

changes in the government and in the

church

because of today's situation due to

covet 19 health protocol

we won't be able to invite our guests

here in studio

our guest for today is a philippine

national hero dr jose rizal's huge fan

and an advocate of philippine literature

that's all welcome dr rizal

version 2. my question for

you sir is why 1872 to 1898 became the

period of enlightenment to the

philippine indonesia

[Music]

hello everyone so your question is about

why year 1872 to 1896

became the period of enlightenment to

the philippine literature

it is simply because between those years

different propaganda movement was

installed

and this propaganda movement superheaded

mostly by intellectual middle class like

jose rizal marcelo del pilar

russian lopez heine

the five objectives of this movement

were to seek reforms and changes

first to get equal treatment for the

filipinos and the spaniards under the

law

second to make the philippines a colony

of spain

third to restore philippine

representation in the spanish courthouse

or the spanish courts and fourth

to philippineize the parishes and

fifth and last to give the filipinos

freedom of speech

of the press assembly and to redress

of defenses

i mentioned earlier the seven

propagandists

but there are only three principal

leaders of the propaganda

first jose

third marcelo h tempular

[Music]

so here are some highlights

about them and what they have done for

our country

so let's talk about first about

dr joseph

[Music]

was born on june 19 1861

his first teacher was his mother

donna jodora alonso he studied at the

ateneo de manila

started medicine at university of santo

domas

and finish at the universidad central of

madrid

he also studied at the university of

berlin

leipzig and heidelberg he

died by mastering in the hands of

spaniards on december

13 1896 on charges of sedition

and the value against this

his spent name was

speaking of bang let's talk about his

works and books doctor joseph

books and writings number one noli with

here this was the novel that gave spirit

to the propaganda movement

and paved the way to the revolution

against pin

in this book he encouragedly exposed the

evils in the spanish-run

government in the philippines the

spaniards would be hitting the reading

of this novel but a lot of translations

were able to enter in the country

even if it meant death to those staff in

possession of them

denali gave philippine literature the

immortal characters of maria

clara juan christos tomo ibarra

elias pilosa fontaso

dona victorina capitana maria

basilio and bispin and those characters

was

rizal had a power plant in the

delineation of these characters

number two el pele boosterism

this is the sequel to nori not only

expose the evils in society

the philips pose those in the government

and in the church

however the knowledge has been dubbed

the noble of society

while that of pili is that of politics

3. me ultimo adjos

my last favorite this was a problem by

bizarre when he was

incarcerated at fort santiago is one

that

can compare favorably with the best in

the world

it was only after his death when his

name was a fix

to the poem here are some lines

of results poem my

last favor my father adored

that sadness to my sore lands beloved

filipinas

here now my last goodbye i give

you all parents and kindred and friends

for i go where no slave before the

oppressor bends

where feet can never kill in god's

reigns or in high

farewell to you all from my soul

throwing away friends of my childhood

it's a home disposed give

thanks that i rest from the weird

someday

farewell to thee to sweet friend

that highlighted my way beloved

creatures of pharaoh in death

there is best

number four sobre la indulencia de los

filipinos

on the indolence of the philippines

an essay on the so-called filipino

indolence

and an evaluation of the reasons for

such allegations

number five filipinas dentro de cien

aneus

the philippines within a century

an essay predicting the increasing

influence of the us in the philippines

and the decreasing interests of europe

here

bizarre predicted that if there is any

other colonizer of the philippines in

the future

it would be the u.s number six

a la juventud filipina to the filipino

youth

a proven result dedicated to the

filipino youth study at ust

number seven el conservo de los choses

the council of the gods analogical play

manifesting admiration for

cervantes number eight junto

al pasi beside the pacific beaver

beaten by rizal when he was 14 years of

age number nine may be denver

you asked me four verses year 1882

and alas flores the bridge to the

flowers

of idol bridge two poems manifesting

results

and usual depth of motion

number 10 notice allah obra successes

the last filipinas

for el doctor antonio de morga

notes for philippine events by dr

antonia de morga

year 1889 number 11 piacinto

memorials

[Music]

memories of a student of manila

year 1882 number 12 the last

jario dibiahe de norte america

diary of a voyage to north america

thank you very much dr rizal version 2

at this juncture we're going to discuss

about

marcelo h w live marcelo h del pilar

is popularly known for his fan name

of paridail peeping dilat

and dolores manapa he was born at tupan

sadly on august 30

1815. his parents were julian ishtal

pilar noted filipino raptor

and visyasad got me attacked his

brother was the priest's father to

reveal yoda pilar who was banished to

marianas in 1872 because there were many

children in the family marcelo gave up

his

share for his inheritance for his older

brothers

and sisters marsali started schooling at

the school of mr flores

and then transferred to the san jose

before usd his last year in the law

school was interrupted for eight years

after he had aquarius with the parish

priest

during a baptism at san diego manila in

1818

he established the charion tagalog in

1882 where he exposed the evils of the

spanish government

with the philippines and ignored in

order to avoid forced

appreciation paralleled at him by the

priests

to avoid banishment he was forced to

travel to spain

in 1888 he was assisted by

father serrano tao in publishing a

different

catalysm and fashion book wherein they

made fun of the priests they also made a

pada

pasalan and

taken from a word in a kind of shape

fish

cough in politics

his arrival in spain he replaced

cristiano lopez heine

as editor of la solidaridad a paper

which became a vehicle

through which reforms in the government

could be worked out

this did not last long for he got sick

and even when he was briefly ill

and could hardly walk he attempted to

reach hong kong from where

he could arouse his countrymen he died

of tuberculosis

in spain but before he died he

asked his companion to tell his wife and

children

that he was sorry he wasn't able to beat

them goodbye today tell others

about the fate of our countrymen and to

continue

helping the country platydell

was truly earned in nike in the history

of nation

even today countless streets have been

named after

him the former king hua

has been named the malolos high school

is now marcelo each del pilar high

school

and above all his patriotism and bravery

will remain alive in our memories

the contribution and writings of marcelo

h del pilar

in philippine literature during the

period

of enlightenment number one but ebik

said

love of country translated from the

spanish amor

patria of rizal published on august 20

1882 in jaryong tagaloo

number two

be careful a numerous and sarcastic dig

in answered to

father jose rodriguez in the novel

knowledge of

published in barcelona in 1888

he used dolores manapat a spent name

here da salan and

prayers and jokes similar to catholicism

but sarcastically done against the

parish priest

published in barcelona in 1888 because

of this del pilar was

called a filibuster done in the

admirable tone of suffocation and

excellent

use of tagalog number four

ankada kela and nanjos the god's

goodness

published in barcelona it was also like

a

catholicism sarcastically aim against

the

parish peace but also contain a

philosophy of the power

and intelligence of god and appreciation

for and love for me sagot says spania

say pikmin pilipinas

answer to spin on the plea of the

filipinos

apollo when pleading for change from

spain but that spain is already old and

weak to grant

any to the philippines this poem is in

answer to that germany hilda's flores

hibiksepolipinas a plea from the

philippines

number 6

[Music]

a prophetical contest in narrative

sequence

psalms and videos a compilation of poems

on the oppression by the priests

in the philippines number seven la

soberana and filipinas

sovereignity in the philippines this

shows the injustices

of the friars to the filipinos

number eight poor telephone

number nine pashong dapa dipaka

passion that should arouse the hearts of

the readers

the third leader of propaganda movement

was cristiano lopez aina a most notable

hero and genius of the philippines

crescendo lopez heine was born in

december 18

1856 and died on january 20

1896 the pride of haru kilopilot

he won the admiration of the spaniards

and europeans he is no inviter

and a writer in the philippines he wrote

one harvest speeches

which was published the megeo garcia

former bookstore owner of the philippine

manila

piratica in which are still read

up to now by the moment in english at

this juncture

let's hear the insights of dr result

version 2

about the period of enlightenment

[Music]

rizal was a very brave person he uses

talent and writing and wrote

poems novels and published articles that

teach filipinos about good deeds and

inspired them to fight

for their freedom he was determined to

have his people

feed themselves through his words and

writings

instead of fighting he was always

wise and looking forward as he led his

people to independence

vizal proved that pen is mightier than

sword

for his expertise inviting enable him to

convince his whole fellow man

to attain justice and defeat

spanish empire

four words fires whenever and ignites

everyone's feelings

just like a saying says that word

is powerful there's comes

positive and negative in it it could

heals one's heart

but also harm another just like

a double-edged sword

one of these is entitled to the youth

to the philippine leave

[Music]

thank you very much dr rizal version 2

and that's all for today guys

i hope you learned bye

[Music]

hello guys i'm back but not as a host

just

meet me no more hosting okay so today

at this moment i will ask my sister kate

who among the

propaganda leaders she admire most

hey guys this is kate my sister

say hi kate hi so

what my question is who among the

propaganda leaders

rizal del pilar or haina

you at nightmares and what work of them

is your favorite um all of them are

nobel and people horror context

liberation

but at the i admire the persevere the

most

because of his work and my favorite work

of

him was for the youth this poem was

dedicated to the youth

and he wanted the youth to use their

capabilities talent and

skills not just for not just only for

them

and for their praise and success but

also

to our motherland the philippines

you but i'm under your nap you take me

shirt

[Music]

bye