18 Februari 2026

Summary

This transcript explains the fundamental differences between pipes and tubes, emphasizing their dimensions and uses in various applications. Pipes are cylindrical tubes used for fluid and gas distribution, measured by their nominal diameter (NPS or DN) and wall thickness. Tubes are typically smaller in diameter, ordered by outside diameter and wall thickness, and are used in more specific applications. The transcript also distinguishes between 'piping'—a system of pipes for conveying liquids or gases—and 'piping systems'—which includes the full interconnection of pipes and components like fittings and joints. It provides a deeper understanding of how these systems function in engineering contexts.

Takeaways

• 😀 Pipes are round tubes used to transport fluids and gases, and are sized by nominal pipe size (NPS) or diameter nominal (DN).
• 😀 Tubing is typically used in applications requiring smaller diameters and is ordered with specific outside diameter and wall thickness.
• 😀 Pipes are usually larger in size (from 12 inches up to several feet), while tubing tends to be smaller in diameter.
• 😀 Pipes are measured by outside diameter and wall thickness, whereas tubing is measured by outside diameter and wall thickness as well, but for more precise applications.
• 😀 The thickness of the pipe wall (wall thickness) is measured in inches or millimeters and is crucial for determining its capacity to carry fluids.
• 😀 The nominal pipe size (NPS) or diameter nominal (DN) reflects the rough capacity of the pipe to carry fluids or gases.
• 😀 For a pipe, the outer diameter minus twice the wall thickness equals the inside diameter, which determines the flow capacity.
• 😀 Schedule number in pipes determines the internal diameter, which influences the fluid carrying capacity of the pipe.
• 😀 Piping refers to a system of pipes used to convey liquids or gases from one location to another.
• 😀 A piping system includes the full interconnection of pipes and inline components such as fittings, flanges, and joints for fluid transport.

Q & A

What is the general definition of a pipe?

A pipe is typically described as a round tube designed to transport fluids and gases, with its size being determined by its Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) or Diameter Nominal (DN).

What is the difference between a pipe and a tube?

While both are hollow, a pipe is generally used for larger applications and measured by its nominal size and thickness. A tube, on the other hand, is usually for smaller applications and is often ordered with specific outer diameter and wall thickness.

How are pipes and tubes measured?

Pipes are usually measured by their nominal pipe size (NPS) or diameter nominal (DN), which represents the capacity of the pipe. Tubes are measured by their outside diameter and wall thickness.

What does 'wall thickness' mean in the context of pipes and tubes?

Wall thickness refers to the thickness of the pipe or tube's material, which is an important factor in determining the strength and pressure tolerance of the pipe. It is measured in inches or millimeters.

What does the 'schedule' of a pipe refer to?

The schedule of a pipe refers to the relationship between the pipe's outer diameter and its wall thickness. This helps determine the pipe’s internal diameter and, subsequently, the capacity of fluid it can carry.

What is the primary function of a piping system?

A piping system is a network of pipes designed to transport fluids (either liquids or gases) from one location to another, including the connections, fittings, and other components necessary for fluid transfer.

How does a piping system differ from just a pipe?

A piping system includes the complete interconnection of multiple pipes, along with inline components such as fittings, flanges, and joints. A single pipe refers only to the individual tube without additional components.

What is the significance of the pipe's outside diameter?

The outside diameter of a pipe is a crucial dimension as it impacts how the pipe connects with fittings, flanges, and other components. It also helps define the pipe’s overall strength and capacity.

What does 'NPS' or 'DN' represent in the context of piping?

NPS (Nominal Pipe Size) or DN (Diameter Nominal) are terms used to describe the pipe's nominal diameter. These values are used as rough indicators of the pipe's capacity to transport fluids.

Why is it important to understand the difference between piping and piping systems?

Understanding the difference is essential for designing and maintaining proper fluid transport systems. Piping refers to the individual pipes, while a piping system involves the full network, including components and connections necessary for effective fluid transport.