KLASIFIKASI ORGANISASI INTERNASIONAL

Summary

This video lecture explores the classification of international organizations, discussing various typologies proposed by scholars. The classifications include distinctions between public and private organizations, regional and global reach, and the specific functions and authority levels of organizations. Key examples like the UN, ASEAN, and OPEC are used to illustrate different types of organizations, including intergovernmental, supranational, and functional organizations. The lecture also touches on the roles of private organizations, such as FIFA, and their significance in international cooperation.

Takeaways

• 😀 International organizations can be classified based on several criteria such as function, scope, and membership.
• 😀 Public International Organizations are formed through international treaties and are governed by international law.
• 😀 Private International Organizations are established under private international law and operate within the jurisdiction of national laws.
• 😀 Universal Organizations address global issues and aim to fulfill needs that benefit all of humanity.
• 😀 Closed Organizations have limited membership and do not accept new members outside their predefined group.
• 😀 Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs) are created by governments for cooperation in specific fields like security or trade.
• 😀 Supranational Organizations have authority that transcends individual governments and can enact policies affecting member states and their citizens.
• 😀 Functional Organizations focus on specific, often technical or humanitarian, purposes (e.g., ICRC in humanitarian aid).
• 😀 Political Organizations are primarily concerned with political objectives and policies, such as the United Nations.
• 😀 Some organizations can be classified under multiple categories, such as regional, functional, or supranational, depending on their scope and purpose.
• 😀 Classifications by experts like Skimers, Leroy Bennett, and others offer different lenses through which to understand international organizations and their functions.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of the second meeting discussed in the transcript?

The primary focus of the second meeting is to discuss the classification of international organizations.

What is the purpose of international organizations, as explained in the script?

International organizations are formed to achieve common goals and fulfill mutual objectives among countries or non-governmental actors.

How does Skimers classify international organizations?

Skimers classifies international organizations into public, private, universal, closed, intergovernmental, supranational, functional, and political organizations.

What distinguishes public international organizations from private ones?

Public international organizations are established by agreements between states based on international law, while private international organizations (NGOs) operate under private international law and are subject to national legal jurisdiction.

What is meant by 'universal' organizations in the classification provided by Skimers?

'Universal' organizations are global in scope and serve all countries regardless of their size or development status, with a focus on meeting fundamental human needs.

According to Bow, what are the classifications based on authority?

Bow classifies international organizations based on their authority into supranational organizations, which have a higher level of power, and non-supranational organizations, which do not have such authority.

What is the role of supranational organizations as described in the script?

Supranational organizations have the authority to make decisions that apply to member states and can influence national policies, such as the European Union's ability to set policies for its members.

What example is given in the script of a supranational organization?

An example of a supranational organization mentioned in the script is the European Economic Area (EEA), which even issues its own currency, the Euro.

How does Iwayan Partiana classify international organizations?

Iwayan Partiana classifies international organizations based on their activities (general or specific), goals (general or specific), and membership (intergovernmental or non-governmental).

What is the significance of functional organizations like the ICRC, as mentioned in the transcript?

Functional organizations like the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) are specialized in a specific field, such as humanitarian work, and are formed to achieve focused objectives in that domain.