Topik 1 MK. Teori Organisasi: Konsep Dasar Teori Organisasi

Summary

The lecture from FKIP, Universitas Jambi, covers the basic concepts of organizational theory. It discusses definitions of organizations from various scholars, such as Barnard and Stefan Robbins, highlighting key elements like collaboration, purpose, and structure. The lecture also explores the evolution of organizational theories, including classical, neoclassical, and modern approaches. Additionally, it introduces types of organizations—formal, informal, primary, secondary—and categorizes them based on core objectives, such as service, economic, religious, protective, governmental, and social. The session concludes with an emphasis on the practical applications of these theories.

Takeaways

• 📘 Organization theories are categorized into three main types: classical, neoclassical, and modern.
• 👥 The classical theory views an organization as a structure of roles, responsibilities, and authority, treating individuals as parts of a machine.
• 🧠 Neoclassical theory emphasizes the psychological and social aspects of individuals and groups, highlighting the importance of human relations in the workplace.
• 🔄 Modern theory integrates both classical and neoclassical approaches, viewing organizations as open systems that interact with and adapt to their environments.
• 🏢 Organizations consist of three key elements: people, cooperation through division of labor, and shared goals.
• 📊 Bernard defines organizations as a coordinated system of conscious cooperation involving two or more people.
• 🔍 Organizations are classified into formal (structured and rigid) and informal (flexible and less structured) types.
• 🏫 There are various types of organizations based on their primary purpose, such as service organizations (e.g., schools, hospitals), economic organizations (businesses), and religious organizations.
• 💼 Formal organizations tend to have clear, long-term goals, while informal organizations are often more spontaneous and flexible.
• 🌐 Modern organizational theory stresses that organizations must be adaptable, as they function within dynamic and interconnected environments.

Q & A

What is the general definition of an organization as mentioned in the script?

An organization is defined as a system of coordinated collaboration between individuals working together to achieve common goals. It can consist of two or more individuals who consciously coordinate activities to fulfill shared objectives.

How does Barnard define an organization?

Barnard defines an organization as a collection of individuals working together in a system of conscious cooperation. This system involves at least two people and includes coordinated activities.

What is Stefan Robin's definition of an organization?

Stefan Robin defines an organization as a consciously coordinated social unit, consisting of two or more individuals, functioning continuously to achieve shared or specific goals.

How does Gibson view the role of organizations in society?

Gibson views organizations as institutions that breathe life into societal structures, allowing individuals to pursue goals that they couldn't achieve on their own.

What are the three key elements of an organization according to the script?

The three key elements of an organization are: 1) A group of people, 2) Cooperation through division of labor, and 3) Shared objectives.

What are the three main theories of organizational structure mentioned?

The three main organizational theories mentioned are: 1) Classical Theory, 2) Neoclassical Theory, and 3) Modern Theory.

What characterizes the Classical Theory of organization?

The Classical Theory, also known as the machine theory, views organizations as structures of relationships, authority, roles, and activities. It perceives individuals as replaceable components within the organizational system.

How does the Neoclassical Theory differ from the Classical Theory?

The Neoclassical Theory emphasizes the psychological and social aspects of individuals in the organization, recognizing the importance of human relationships, participation, and management flexibility.

What is the Modern Theory of organization about?

The Modern Theory, also called system analysis or open system theory, integrates classical and neoclassical views, considering organizations as interdependent systems that must adapt to their external environment for survival.

What are the differences between formal and informal organizations as described in the script?

Formal organizations are structured, rigid, goal-oriented, and long-lasting. In contrast, informal organizations are flexible, loosely structured, and usually lack clearly defined goals.

What are the six types of organizations based on their primary objectives?

The six types of organizations based on their primary objectives are: 1) Service organizations (e.g., education and healthcare), 2) Economic organizations (e.g., businesses), 3) Religious organizations (e.g., churches), 4) Protective organizations (e.g., police and military), 5) Government organizations, and 6) Social organizations (e.g., non-profits).