6 tips for better sleep | Sleeping with Science, a TED series

TED
2 Sept 202005:29

Summary

TLDR本视频提供了六个科学支持的睡眠改善建议。首先,保持规律作息,无论工作日还是周末,都应在同一时间上床睡觉和起床。其次,保持卧室凉爽,以帮助身体降低核心温度,促进睡眠。第三,创造黑暗环境,避免晚上接触电子屏幕,以促进褪黑素的释放。第四,如果长时间无法入睡,应起床做其他事情,以打破大脑对床的清醒联想。第五,避免晚间摄入咖啡因和酒精。最后,建立睡前放松习惯,帮助大脑逐渐进入睡眠状态。如果存在睡眠障碍,应寻求医生帮助。视频强调睡眠的重要性,视其为生命支持系统,甚至是一种超能力。

Takeaways

  • 🛌 保持规律:每天同一时间上床和起床,有助于提高睡眠质量。
  • ⏰ 使用上床闹钟:帮助建立规律的睡眠模式。
  • 🌡️ 保持凉爽:卧室温度应保持在18°C左右,有助于入睡和保持睡眠。
  • 🌑 保持黑暗:晚上避免光线干扰,促进褪黑素的释放,有助于睡眠。
  • 🚶‍♂️ 如果长时间无法入睡,起床做其他事情,打破床与清醒状态的关联。
  • 🚫 避免晚间摄入咖啡因和酒精:它们会影响睡眠质量。
  • 🌙 建立睡前例行程序:逐渐放松,帮助大脑过渡到睡眠状态。
  • 📵 睡前远离电子设备:减少对睡眠的干扰。
  • 🧊 使用眼罩或遮光窗帘:帮助调节褪黑素,改善睡眠。
  • 🍺 避免醉酒上床:醉酒会影响睡眠质量。
  • ✈️ 睡眠像飞机着陆一样需要时间:给大脑时间逐渐进入睡眠状态。
  • 🩺 如果有睡眠障碍,如失眠或睡眠呼吸暂停,请咨询医生。

Q & A

  • 为什么保持睡眠的规律性对于改善睡眠质量很重要?

    -保持睡眠的规律性对于改善睡眠质量很重要,因为它能够锚定你的睡眠,无论你是工作日还是周末,甚至在睡眠不佳的夜晚之后,都能提高睡眠的数量和质量。这是因为在你的大脑深处,有一个主24小时生物钟,它期待规律性,并在规律性条件下工作得最好,包括控制你的睡眠-觉醒时间表。

  • 为什么建议使用上床闹钟来帮助改善睡眠?

    -很多人使用闹钟来唤醒自己,但很少有人使用上床闹钟,这实际上可以提供帮助。因为上床闹钟可以帮助你保持规律的睡眠习惯,从而提高睡眠质量。

  • 为什么降低卧室温度对促进睡眠有帮助?

    -降低卧室温度有助于促进睡眠,因为大脑和身体需要降低核心温度大约1摄氏度或2到3华氏度,以启动睡眠并保持睡眠状态。人们通常发现在较冷的房间里更容易入睡,而不是在较热的房间里。

  • 为什么卧室温度应该设置在大约65华氏度或18摄氏度以上?

    -当前的建议是将卧室温度设定在大约65华氏度或18摄氏度以上,因为这样的温度有助于大脑和身体降低核心温度,从而更容易入睡并保持睡眠。

  • 为什么黑暗对于晚上的睡眠至关重要?

    -黑暗对于晚上的睡眠至关重要,因为我们需要黑暗来触发一种叫做褪黑激素的激素释放。褪黑激素有助于调节我们健康的睡眠时间。

  • 为什么在睡前一小时内应避免使用电脑、平板电脑和手机?

    -在睡前一小时内应避免使用电脑、平板电脑和手机,因为这些设备发出的光线会抑制褪黑激素的释放,这可能会干扰你的睡眠周期,使你难以入睡。

  • 如果长时间躺在床上无法入睡,应该采取什么行动?

    -如果你躺在床上尝试入睡超过大约25分钟,或者醒来后超过25分钟无法再次入睡,建议起床并做一些不同的事情。这是因为你的大脑是一个极其联想的设备,需要打破床与清醒状态的关联。

  • 为什么说大脑将床与清醒状态关联起来,我们应该如何打破这种关联?

    -大脑将床与清醒状态关联起来,因为床通常是我们醒来的地方。为了打破这种关联,当你无法入睡时,应该起床做一些其他的事情,只有当你感到困倦时才返回床上,这样你的大脑会逐渐重新学习,将床与良好的睡眠联系起来。

  • 为什么在晚上避免摄入咖啡因和酒精对改善睡眠质量有帮助?

    -在晚上避免摄入咖啡因和酒精对改善睡眠质量有帮助,因为这些物质会干扰睡眠周期,使你难以入睡或保持睡眠状态。

  • 为什么建立一个放松的睡前例行程序对改善睡眠很重要?

    -建立一个放松的睡前例行程序对改善睡眠很重要,因为睡眠是一个逐渐的过程,类似于飞机降落。在睡前20分钟或半小时,甚至一个小时,远离电脑和手机,做一些放松的事情,可以帮助你的大脑逐渐进入良好的睡眠状态。

  • 如果怀疑自己有睡眠障碍,应该怎么办?

    -如果你怀疑自己有睡眠障碍,如失眠或睡眠呼吸暂停,那么应该去看医生。这些建议可能无法帮助你,因为需要先治疗睡眠障碍,然后才能改善睡眠质量。

  • 为什么睡眠可以被视为一种生命支持系统,甚至是一种超级力量?

    -睡眠可以被视为一种生命支持系统,甚至是一种超级力量,因为睡眠对于身体和大脑的健康至关重要。良好的睡眠有助于身体恢复、记忆巩固和情绪调节,缺乏睡眠会影响我们的健康和日常生活。

Outlines

00:00

😴 改善睡眠质量的科学建议

本段讲述了如何通过科学的方法提高睡眠的质量和数量。首先,强调了规律性的重要性,建议每天同一时间上床睡觉和起床,这有助于调整生物钟,改善睡眠。其次,提到了保持适宜的睡眠环境温度,建议卧室温度控制在18摄氏度左右,以帮助入睡。接着,强调了黑暗环境对促进褪黑素释放、调节睡眠的重要性,并建议睡前避免使用电子设备,减少光线暴露。此外,提出了如果长时间无法入睡,应该起床做其他事情,以打破床与清醒状态的关联。还提到了避免晚上摄入咖啡因和酒精的建议。最后,强调了睡前放松程序的重要性,建议在睡前一段时间内远离电子设备,进行放松活动,以帮助入睡。对于有睡眠障碍的人,建议咨询医生。

05:03

💤 睡眠的重要性及其比喻

在这段中,讨论了睡眠的重要性,并将其比喻为生命支持系统,甚至是一种超能力。建议如果怀疑自己有睡眠障碍,应该及时咨询医生。这强调了睡眠不仅仅是日常活动的一部分,而是对健康至关重要,需要认真对待并妥善管理。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡规律性

规律性是指每天在相同的时间上床睡觉和起床。在视频中,规律性被强调为改善睡眠质量的关键,因为它能够帮助锚定睡眠周期,无论工作日还是周末,甚至在睡眠不佳的夜晚之后。大脑中存在一个24小时的生物钟,它期望规律性,并在规律的条件下工作得最好,包括控制睡眠-觉醒时间表。

💡温度

温度是影响睡眠的另一个重要因素。大脑和身体需要降低核心体温大约1摄氏度,以启动睡眠并保持睡眠状态。视频中提到,人们更容易在过冷而非过热的房间中入睡,因此建议将卧室温度设定在大约65华氏度,或略高于18摄氏度。

💡黑暗

黑暗对于触发褪黑激素的释放至关重要,褪黑激素有助于调节健康的睡眠时间。视频中建议,在睡前最后一个小时,应远离电脑屏幕、平板电脑和手机,减少家中一半的灯光亮度,这有助于增加睡意。

💡褪黑激素

褪黑激素是一种帮助调节睡眠周期的激素。在晚上,特别是睡前,需要黑暗来触发其释放。视频中提到,如果人们在睡前最后一个小时减少光照,可以更好地调节褪黑激素,从而改善睡眠。

💡起床闹钟

起床闹钟是许多人用来唤醒自己的工具,但视频中提到,很少有人使用上床闹钟。上床闹钟可以帮助人们保持规律的睡眠习惯,这是改善睡眠质量的一个重要方面。

💡床上活动

视频中提到,如果在床上躺了大约25分钟还无法入睡,或者醒来后25分钟内无法再次入睡,建议起床做一些不同的事情。这是因为大脑会将床与清醒状态联系起来,我们需要打破这种联系。

💡咖啡因

咖啡因是一种兴奋剂,可以影响睡眠。视频中建议,下午和晚上应避免摄入咖啡因,以避免影响睡眠质量。

💡酒精

酒精虽然可以让人昏昏欲睡,但对睡眠质量有负面影响。视频中建议,不要带着醉酒的状态上床,因为这会影响睡眠。

💡放松

放松是入睡前的一个重要步骤。视频中提到,在睡前20分钟或半小时,甚至一个小时,应该远离电脑和手机,做一些放松的事情,以帮助大脑逐渐进入睡眠状态。

💡睡眠障碍

睡眠障碍,如失眠或睡眠呼吸暂停,是需要医疗干预的问题。视频中指出,如果认为自己有睡眠障碍,应该咨询医生,因为这些建议可能无法帮助改善由睡眠障碍引起的问题。

💡睡眠卫生

睡眠卫生是指一系列有助于改善睡眠质量的习惯和行为。视频中提到的六个科学支持的睡眠建议,都是睡眠卫生的一部分,旨在帮助人们获得更好的睡眠。

Highlights

保持睡眠的规律性,无论是工作日还是周末,都能提高睡眠质量。

大脑深处有一个24小时的生物钟,它期望规律性,从而控制睡眠-觉醒周期。

使用上床闹钟帮助保持规律性。

保持睡眠环境凉爽,有助于入睡和保持睡眠状态。

建议卧室温度约为18摄氏度,大约65华氏度。

晚上需要黑暗来触发褪黑激素的释放,帮助调节睡眠。

睡前一个小时避免使用电子设备,减少光线,有助于睡眠。

如果在床上超过25分钟无法入睡,建议起床做其他事情。

避免在床上长时间保持清醒,以打破床与清醒状态的关联。

下午和晚上避免摄入咖啡因,睡前不要饮酒。

建立一个放松的睡前例行程序,帮助大脑逐渐进入睡眠状态。

如果怀疑有睡眠障碍,如失眠或睡眠呼吸暂停,应咨询医生。

睡眠可以被视为一种生命支持系统,甚至可以称为超级力量。

睡眠障碍需要首先治疗,然后才能改善睡眠质量。

睡眠的生理过程类似于飞机降落,需要时间逐渐进入良好的睡眠状态。

睡前20分钟或半小时,远离电脑和手机,做一些放松的事情。

如果找到了适合自己的放松方法,坚持这个例行程序。

Transcripts

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Transcriber: TED Translators admin Reviewer: Ivana Korom

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We can all have a bad night of sleep

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and that's perfectly normal,

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but how could we try to improve

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both the quantity and the quality of our sleep?

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[Sleeping with Science]

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(Music)

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Here are six scientifically grounded tips

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for better sleep.

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The first tip is regularity.

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Go to bed at the same time and wake up at the same time.

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Regularity is king,

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and it will actually anchor your sleep

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and improve both the quantity and the quality,

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no matter whether it's the weekday or the weekend

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or even if you've had a bad night of sleep.

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And the reason is because deep within your brain,

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you actually have a master 24-hour clock.

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It expects regularity

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and works best under conditions of regularity,

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including the control of your sleep-wake schedule.

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Many of us use an alarm to wake up

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but very few of us use a to-bed alarm,

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and that's something that can be helpful.

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The next tip is temperature.

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Keep it cool.

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It turns out that your brain and your body

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need to drop their core temperature by about one degree Celsius

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or around two to three degrees Fahrenheit

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in order to initiate sleep and then to stay asleep.

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And this is the reason that you will always find it easier

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to fall asleep in a room that's too cold than too hot.

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So, the current recommendation

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is to aim for a bedroom temperature

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of around about 65 degrees Fahrenheit,

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or a little over 18 degrees Celsius.

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It sounds cold but cold it must be.

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The next tip is darkness.

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We are a dark-deprived society

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and, in fact, we need darkness specifically in the evening

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to trigger the release of a hormone called melatonin.

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And melatonin helps regulate the healthy timing of our sleep.

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In the last hour before bed,

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try to stay away from all of those computer screens

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and tablets and phones.

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Dim down half the lights in your house.

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You'd actually be quite surprised

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at how sleepy that can make you feel.

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If you'd like, you can wear an eye mask

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or you can have blackout shades

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and that will help best regulate

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that critical sleep hormone of melatonin.

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The next tip is walk it out.

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Don't stay in bed awake for long periods of time.

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And the general rule of thumb

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is if you've been trying to fall asleep

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and it's been 25 minutes or so,

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or you've woken up and you can't get back to sleep

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after 25 minutes,

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the recommendation is to get out of bed

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and go and do something different.

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And the reason is because your brain

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is an incredibly associative device.

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The brain has learned the association

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that the bed is this trigger of wakefulness,

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and we need to break that association.

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And by getting out of bed, you can go and do something else.

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Only return to bed when you're sleepy.

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And in that way, gradually,

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your brain will relearn the association

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that your bed is this place of sound and consistent sleep.

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The fifth tip is something that we've actually

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already spoken about in detail in this series,

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which is the impact of alcohol and caffeine.

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So, a good rule of thumb here is to try to stay away

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from caffeine in the afternoon and in the evening

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and certainly try not to go to bed too tipsy.

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The final tip: have a wind-down routine.

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I think many of us in the modern world,

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we expect to be able to dive into bed at night,

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switch off the light,

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and we think that sleep is also just like a light switch,

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that we should immediately be able to fall asleep.

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Well, unfortunately, sleep isn't quite like that

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for most of us.

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Sleep, as a physiological process,

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is much more similar to landing a plane.

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It takes time for your brain to gradually descend down

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onto the firm bedrock of good sleep.

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In the last 20 minutes before bed or the last half an hour,

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even the last hour,

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disengage from your computer and your phone

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and try to do something relaxing.

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Find out whatever works for you

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and when you have found it, stick to that routine.

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The last thing I should note

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is that if you are suffering from a sleep disorder,

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for example, from insomnia or sleep apnea,

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then these tips aren't necessarily going to help you.

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If I was your sports coach,

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I could give you all of these tips to improve your performance,

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but if you have a broken ankle,

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it's not going to make a difference.

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We have to treat the broken ankle first

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before we can get back to improving the quality of your performance.

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And it's the same way with sleep.

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So, if you think you have a sleep disorder,

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just go and speak with your doctor.

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That's the best piece of advice.

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Where do we stand, then,

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in all of this conversation about sleep?

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Well, I think the evidence is clear.

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We can think of sleep almost like a life-support system.

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In fact, some may even call sleep a super power.

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