消火器の使用方法（訓練指導用）

Summary

The video script provided by the Kobe City Nagata Fire Department and the Kobe City Nagata Fire Prevention Association offers a comprehensive guide on the use of fire extinguishers. It emphasizes the importance of using a fire extinguisher during the initial stages of a fire to effectively control it before it escalates. The script outlines the different types of fire extinguishers available, such as powder, foam, carbon dioxide, and halogenated extinguishers, and their respective suitability for different types of fires, including ordinary fires, oil fires, and electrical fires. The video also covers the capabilities of fire extinguishers based on their size, which affects their spray time and distance. It provides clear instructions on the operation of a fire extinguisher, including the three-step process of pulling the safety pin, aiming at the base of the fire, and squeezing the lever. The script advises caution, such as not using a rusted fire extinguisher due to the risk of it bursting. Additionally, it discusses the training methods using a training water fire extinguisher, available for loan from the Kobe City Fire Department, and provides guidance on setting up a training area and conducting the training. The video concludes with instructions on how to return the fire extinguisher to its original state after use and contact information for inquiries at various fire stations within Kobe City.

Takeaways

• 🧯 The fire extinguisher is portable and easy to operate, making it effective for putting out small fires at the initial stage.
• 🔥 There are different types of fire extinguishers, including powder, foam, carbon dioxide, and halogenated extinguishers, each suitable for different types of fires.
• 🚨 It is crucial to identify the correct type of fire before using a fire extinguisher, as using the wrong type can be ineffective or even dangerous.
• 📦 Fire extinguishers come in various sizes, which affects their range and duration of use, so it's important to be familiar with the one you might use.
• 🔔 Upon discovering a fire, alert the authorities and those around you by shouting loudly; do not attempt to extinguish the fire alone.
• 🚒 For fires that have grown beyond a certain size, such as when flames reach the ceiling, using a fire hydrant system is more effective.
• ⚠️ If you feel you are in danger due to the size of the fire, the amount of smoke, or any other factors, evacuate immediately.
• 🎯 The basic steps for using a fire extinguisher are: pull the safety pin, aim at the base of the fire, and squeeze the lever.
• 💧 When using a foam extinguisher, sweep the agent over the fire like using a broom for more effective coverage.
• ⛔️ Avoid using a fire extinguisher that appears rusted or damaged, as it may be hazardous and could rupture.
• 💧 The Kobe City Fire Department offers loaner training fire extinguishers, and training can be conducted in a location that won't be affected by water.
• 📍 For training, set up a target and position the fire extinguisher about 5 meters away, then follow the demonstration and instructions provided by the trainer.

Q & A

Why is it important to use a fire extinguisher during the initial stage of a fire?

A fire extinguisher is portable and easy to operate, making it effective for controlling small fires at the initial stage. If the fire progresses beyond this stage, it becomes more difficult to extinguish.

What are the common types of fire extinguishers mentioned in the script?

The script mentions powder extinguishers as the most common type. It also references liquid extinguishers, carbon dioxide extinguishers, and halogenated extinguishers.

How many categories of fires are there according to the script?

There are three main categories of fires: ordinary fires, which involve materials like wood and clothing; oil fires, which involve flammable liquids; and electrical fires, which involve electrical equipment that is energized.

Which type of fire extinguisher can be used for all categories of fires?

Powder extinguishers can be applied to all types of fires. However, other types like liquid extinguishers are only suitable for ordinary and oil fires, and carbon dioxide extinguishers are suitable for oil and electrical fires.

What are the factors that determine the capacity of a fire extinguisher?

The size of the fire extinguisher affects its capacity, which in turn influences the duration of discharge (radiant time) and the distance it can cover (radiant distance).

What is the first action to take upon discovering a fire?

Upon discovering a fire, one should immediately give the alarm, shout loudly to alert others, and start the initial firefighting process.

What are the three steps to operate a fire extinguisher?

The three steps are: 1) Pull the safety pin, 2) Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire, and 3) Squeeze the lever firmly.

How should one approach the fire when using a fire extinguisher?

One should approach the fire carefully and not get too close. It's important to aim the extinguisher at the base of the fire and not the flames. If the fire's intensity decreases, one can gradually move closer to effectively extinguish it.

What is the proper way to use a liquid extinguisher?

When using a liquid extinguisher, one should not focus the spray on a single point but rather sweep the area with the agent to cover the fire more effectively.

What should one do if the fire extinguisher appears rusted?

A rusted fire extinguisher may be dangerous and could potentially rupture. It should not be used and should be replaced with a new one.

How can one practice using a water extinguisher?

The Kobe City Fire Bureau provides training water extinguishers for loan. One should consult with their local fire station to arrange for a training session in a location where water will not cause any problems.

What is the procedure to restore a fire extinguisher after use?

After use, the nozzle should be returned to its original position, the safety pin should be reinserted vertically, and the lever should be released. The safety pin can be reinserted into the visible hole from the top.