Banking Law Part 3 Credit in Banking

Don Jana
14 Jun 202012:31

Summary

TLDR本视频脚本深入探讨了银行法中的信贷活动。银行的主要职能之一是将从社会收集的资金以信贷形式再次分配给社会。信贷是银行基于贷款协议向另一方提供资金或等同于资金的权利,并要求借款方在一定期限后偿还本金及利息。视频中强调了合同的重要性,所有银行业务活动都基于合同进行。银行在批准贷款前会进行信用评估,包括评估借款人的品行、偿还能力、资本状况、抵押品以及当前经济状况。此外,还讨论了银行在贷款过程中的义务,以及如果贷款变成坏账,银行的责任和保险的作用。视频提醒观众在签订合同前要确保理解合同内容,因为合同一旦签订就成为法律,双方都需履行合同义务。

Takeaways

  • 📜 银行的主要活动之一是将从社会收集的资金以贷款的形式再次分配给社会。
  • 💼 银行信贷是银行基于贷款协议向另一方提供资金或等价于资金的索赔权,要求借款方在一定期限后还本付息。
  • 👥 债务人可以是个人或法人实体,银行在批准贷款前会进行评估。
  • 📝 银行与借款方之间的信贷关系基于合同,合同中会明确金额、支付机制和违约处罚。
  • 🧐 银行在放贷前会进行信用评估,包括对申请人的品行、能力、资本、抵押品和经济状况的考量。
  • 🏦 银行需要了解借款人的财务状况和经营历史,以确定其偿还能力和业务的可行性。
  • 💡 借款人在签订合同前应仔细阅读并理解合同内容,银行合同通常是标准格式,不易更改。
  • 📊 银行会考虑借款人的教育背景、相关经验以及是否具备开展业务的能力。
  • 💰 银行会评估借款人的资本情况,确保借款人有足够的资本来支持其商业计划。
  • 🔐 银行还会考虑抵押品的价值,以确保在借款人违约时有足够的资产可以执行。
  • 🌐 银行在放贷时会考虑当前的经济状况和社会环境,确保贷款用途与当前经济形势相符。
  • 🤝 银行有义务妥善管理贷款,确保借款人的可靠性,而借款人则有义务履行合同规定的责任。
  • ⚖️ 如果借款人违约,银行如果已经进行了适当的评估并购买了保险,可能会由保险公司来支付损失。

Q & A

  • 银行的主要活动之一是什么?

    -银行的主要活动之一是将从社会收集的资金以信贷的形式再次投放回社会。

  • 什么是信贷?

    -信贷是银行基于贷款协议向另一方提供资金或等价于资金的债权,要求借款方在一定期限后连本带息偿还债务。

  • 在贷款协议中,银行扮演什么角色?

    -在贷款协议中,银行是债权人,它有权利要求债务人按照合同条款偿还贷款和利息。

  • 债务人可以是哪些类型的实体?

    -债务人可以是个人,也可以是法人实体,例如公司或组织。

  • 银行在批准贷款前会进行哪些评估?

    -银行在批准贷款前会进行信贷原则评估,包括对申请人的品行、能力、资本、担保和经济条件的评估。

  • 信贷原则中的'品行'指的是什么?

    -信贷原则中的'品行'指的是评估申请人的个人品质,包括可靠性和信任度,这通常通过面试和讨论来了解。

  • 银行如何评估申请人的'能力'?

    -银行会考虑申请人的教育背景、经验以及是否曾经从事过相关业务来评估其能力。

  • 在贷款申请中,'资本'指的是什么?

    -'资本'指的是申请人拥有的资金或其他资产,这些资金或资产将用于实现其商业计划。

  • 银行在贷款审批过程中考虑的'担保'是什么?

    -'担保'是指申请人提供的、银行在债务违约时可以执行或处置的抵押品或资产。

  • 银行如何评估贷款申请的'经济条件'?

    -银行会考虑贷款的目的是否与当前的经济状况和社会环境相适应,以及贷款是否可能带来预期的经济效益。

  • 如果贷款变成不良贷款,银行会如何处理?

    -如果贷款变成不良贷款,银行可能会通过保险来减少损失,前提是银行已经履行了信贷原则中的评估义务。如果银行未能妥善评估,那么可能需要自行承担损失。

  • 为什么银行在放贷前需要进行详尽的评估?

    -银行需要进行详尽的评估以确保贷款的安全性和可回收性,同时也是遵守法律和信贷原则的要求,避免因贷款违约而造成经济损失。

Outlines

00:00

📜 银行信贷活动与合同基础

本段主要介绍了银行的主要活动之一,即信贷。信贷是银行基于贷款协议向另一方提供资金或等价物,并要求借款方在一定期限后偿还本金及利息。银行在贷款前会对借款人进行评估,包括借款人的信用、还款能力、资本情况、抵押品以及经济状况。银行与借款人之间的信贷关系基于合同,合同中会明确贷款金额、支付机制和违约处罚。借款人在签署合同前应仔细阅读并理解其内容,因为合同一旦签署就具有法律效力。

05:01

🏦 银行贷款审批的五大原则

银行在审批贷款时会考虑五个主要因素:借款人的品行、能力、资本、抵押品和经济状况。品行指的是借款人的信誉和可靠性;能力涉及借款人的教育背景和相关经验;资本指的是借款人已有的资金或资产,银行会评估借款人是否有足够的资本来支持其商业计划;抵押品是借款人提供的、在违约情况下银行可以执行的资产;经济状况则是考量当前经济环境是否适合贷款。银行必须进行彻底的评估,以避免贷款变成坏账,并且如果贷款违约,银行需要确保已经对贷款进行了保险。

10:01

🤝 信贷合同的重要性与双方义务

本段强调了信贷合同的重要性,指出合同是银行与借款人之间关系的法律基础。借款人在签署合同前必须确保理解合同内容,如果有任何疑问应向银行确认。合同一旦签署,就变成了法律义务,双方都必须遵守。借款人应履行还款义务,而银行则有责任确保贷款的可靠性和安全性。如果银行未能履行贷款审批原则,导致贷款违约,银行将自行承担责任,而不能依赖保险赔偿。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡银行法

银行法是规定银行业务运作和监管的法律体系。在视频中,它作为主题之一,讨论了银行如何通过信贷活动将资金从社会中收集并再次投入到社会中。

💡信贷

信贷是银行提供的一种金融服务,指的是银行基于贷款协议向另一方提供资金或等价货币索取权,并要求借款方在一定期限后还本付息。它是银行主要活动之一,视频中详细讨论了信贷的运作方式。

💡合同

合同是银行与借款方之间贷款协议的法律文件,规定了贷款金额、支付机制和违约惩罚等条款。视频中强调了在签订任何银行合同前,了解合同内容的重要性。

💡信用评估

信用评估是银行在批准贷款前对申请人的财务状况、信用记录和还款能力进行的评估。视频中提到了银行在贷款前必须进行的五个主要评估方面,包括品德、能力、资本、担保和经济条件。

💡借款人

借款人可以是个人或法律实体,即需要资金并向银行申请贷款的一方。视频中讨论了借款人在申请贷款时需要满足的条件和银行对借款人的评估。

💡银行的义务

银行的义务包括在贷款过程中对借款人进行适当的评估,并在贷款发放后管理借款人的信用。视频中提到,如果银行未能履行这些义务,可能会导致贷款变成不良贷款。

💡保险

在视频中提到,如果银行已经对贷款进行了保险,那么在借款人无法偿还贷款时,保险公司将支付给银行。这是银行风险管理的一部分。

💡不良贷款

不良贷款是指借款人未能按照贷款协议偿还的贷款。视频中讨论了不良贷款对银行的影响,以及银行如何通过保险来保护自己免受不良贷款的损失。

💡法律实体

法律实体是指具有法律地位的组织或公司,它们可以作为借款人向银行申请贷款。视频中提到,无论是个人还是法律实体,银行都会进行信用评估。

💡经济条件

经济条件指的是当前经济状况和社会环境。银行在考虑是否批准贷款时,会评估贷款目的是否与当前的经济条件相适应。例如,视频中提到,在疫情封锁期间开设餐厅可能不是一个合适的经济活动。

💡担保

担保是借款人提供的资产,用于确保在无法偿还贷款时,银行可以执行或处置这些资产以收回贷款。视频中提到,银行在贷款前会评估借款人是否有足够的担保。

Highlights

银行的主要活动之一是将从社会收集的资金通过信贷形式再次流向社会。

信贷是银行基于贷款协议向另一方提供资金或等价于资金的索赔权。

债务人可以是个人或法人实体,银行在放贷前会进行评估。

银行在批准贷款提案前会进行信用原则的评估,包括对申请人的品格、能力、资本和抵押品的考量。

银行在放贷前会评估借款人的偿还能力和财务状况。

银行会考虑借款人的教育背景和相关业务经验。

银行需要了解借款人是否拥有足够的资本来实现商业计划。

银行在放贷时会要求借款人提供超过借款金额的抵押品。

银行在放贷前会评估当前经济状况是否适合借款人的商业计划。

如果借款人未能偿还贷款,银行可能会通过保险来减少损失。

银行在放贷时未能履行信用原则,将自行承担违约责任。

合同是银行和借款人之间的法律约束,双方都需要了解并履行合同义务。

借款人在签署合同前应确保理解合同内容,银行也有义务确保借款人理解合同条款。

银行在放贷过程中需要管理借款人的信用风险。

银行在评估贷款申请时会考虑五个主要方面:品格、能力、资本、抵押品和经济状况。

银行和借款人都应遵守合同规定,违反合同可能导致法律诉讼。

银行在放贷时需要进行详尽的评估,以保护自身免受不良贷款的风险。

银行在贷款过程中应确保透明度和诚信,以维护良好的客户关系和法律合规性。

Transcripts

play00:04

well coming back to the business

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liqueurs and this is the third part of

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the topic banking law still with me your

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lecturers generally speaking at the

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previous part I've taught you about the

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main activities of pang and one of them

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is to channeling the money then they'd

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been collected from the society to the

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society again and the form of the return

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by the bank is called a credit so credit

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in the bank is the provision of money or

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equivalent claim to money based on a

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loan agreement between a bank and

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another party obligating the borrowing

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party to repay his debt after a certain

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period with interest so here is the bang

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and here is the dr. suit adapter

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remember the concept of the lego subject

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the debtor could be individual or the

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vector will also be a legal entity let's

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say payday

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this is legal entity so those those

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parties the subject need money but

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before anything before business could be

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for for other purposes but the point is

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they they go to the bank asking for some

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credit so the bank would make some

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assessments if they approve your

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proposal then there will be a credit

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agreement here so the conduction of this

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fund is based on contract so that's why

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ideally for you about contract in the

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beginning before we discuss about more

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specific business activities especially

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from the perspective of flow of the

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business so it's all based on the

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contract in this contract

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we'll be shown the the amount of the

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money the mechanism of the payment and

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the penalty the sanction so whether the

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bank or the debtor the bank is the

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creditor is not doing their obligation

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so they are devolved right remember

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about the contract concept so here you

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need to know your right and your

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obligation based on the contract

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it's like you're a businessman you are

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an individuals before you signing a

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contract in the bank make sure that you

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read it first even though it's been

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acquired critical problems for years

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then in the bank the contract is a

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take-it-or-leave-it contract right it's

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a it's it's the clothes you cannot

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change so they already have the form at

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the default of the system the credit so

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you you want to take it or leave it

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so I still need to read it if you think

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it's okay so you can sign it otherwise

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you need to leave it right so the basis

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is the contract so if you understand

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contract will go well so it would be

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much easier for you to understand about

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this but besides that the other leg of

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aspect I'm going to tell you it's about

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what if you are a bang so now I'm

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talking about you in the perspective of

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the business actor who give the money

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and you are the bank the bank before you

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improve you must make assessment right

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it's called principle of credit I am

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sure that you already learn about it in

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your business school that the bank

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before the proof individuals or the

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company proposal they have to take a

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look at the character right the

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character of the applicant so that's why

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there will be there would be some

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interview you will be next

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come to the bank there was some

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discussion some talks and even maybe

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they will actually watch some financial

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financial situation of yourself

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but the ideas of the talking's of the

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the the finding of information that done

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by the bank is also trying to find your

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character because from the interview

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from the discussion they could make an

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assessment whether you are reliable or

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not whether you are trusted or not the

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second one is the capacity the bank

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would consider your capacity that's one

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of the consideration whether they are

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going to approve or reject your

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application so the capacity is talking

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about what you are capable of it's

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talking about your background your

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experience so if you're asking the money

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one hundred million to open a business

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in culinary so the band needs to know do

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you have a capacity to make this

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business or not that's why they would

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try to find information about your

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education background

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will you go to any culinary school or

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not and if you have been experienced in

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in doing this kind of business or maybe

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you work as as a chef a cook or a helper

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in a restaurant then if you have nothing

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related to this is because you want just

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because you think this is a good idea

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and the bank would say that you have no

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capacity so it's a suspect of this

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business so it would be very very

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dangerous for the bank because

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potentially the money will not be

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written back by you if you have no

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capacity is the money so that's the

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second assessment made by the bank and

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the third one is the capital so how much

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money or what what is the other capital

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that you have to make your idea of

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business would be true let's say that

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you are going to do a business and the

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the money if you you need

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on your calculation calculation to do

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the business is 200 million you're

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asking for 200

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I mean your business is 200 million and

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you're asking the money to the bank best

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on your profile for example is 100

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million so the bank needs to know do you

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have the other 100 million if you say

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you have nothing then giving you 100

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million will be just vanish in vain

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because you have no the difference than

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100 million so the point is the business

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idea will not be realized because you

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don't have enough capital so it would

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also be the consideration if you are a

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bank and the third one is the collateral

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related to the capital the bang would

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also ask in do you have any Cotrell do

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you have any selling goods or some asset

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that we can execute or we can option

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once you fail to pay the debt so if

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you're asking for 100 million they are

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going to actually do you have something

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worth bit more than this usually they

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will ask for something that would 130

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percents so if your your application is

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asking for 100 million so maybe you can

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use your house or your car or the other

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asset as the Calatrava

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I mean an in-ear anisha and the fifth

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one is the condition of economy so as

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the current society's life so the band

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is going to know what is the money for

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and whether it is appropriate with our

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current condition economy for example

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now this in the corner you are going to

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asking for money to the bank

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100 million what for you say you want to

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open a restaurant

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well currently gathering is prohibited

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so making a restaurant is that the quiet

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respective and also not acquire

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beneficial to be made so potentially it

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will get lost so the bank would consider

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the idea is not currency the

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consideration if economy and also

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society slide but if you are asking the

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money to produce the max for example or

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another equipment to protect personals

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physic from the core enough euros or

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other fears for example so I think it

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will be a plus point for the

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consideration so why does the the bank

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meet to be she be careful before they

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give you the money or not because it's

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also related to the business and also

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the law if the bank already conduct all

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of the assessment and then finally you

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got fail or the credit it's become a bad

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credit which means you cannot pay than

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the band if they already insured this

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credit then this credit would be paid by

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the insurance I mean here is is the

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insurance company let's say for example

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jump criminal screen door and it is a

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company who if insurance for a credit

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but if the band isn't fulfilling a

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credential principal analyzing the

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application of the customer then it's

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the it's the default and also it's the

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fault of the bank so the issue will not

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pay money to the bank

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so those are two main ideas and I'm

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going to deliver to you here that the

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credit is this on the contract so you

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have to know the contract before you

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signing make sure you understand it if

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you don't understand you X to the ban

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make a confirmation and if you think you

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can do it you sign it but remember the

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contract becomes the law for you in the

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bank so you have to

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you have to do the obligation based on

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the contract otherwise it could be suit

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to the court so that would be

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irresponsible to pay the money and also

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if you are the bank

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you also have obligation to fulfill your

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your liability in giving the money to

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the to your clients to the captor here

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so the debtor could give you some if you

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I mean the band need to manage the

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reliability they have to pay the money

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that they already proof and also if you

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got the bang you have to make sure that

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you already make a good assessment the

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clients then you can you can you can be

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protected by the insurance okay I think

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it's it for now and we'll discuss the

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further discussion after this thank you

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god bless you see you like

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