AP7 MATATAG Q2 Week 3-1 Pamamaraan at Patakarang Kolonyal ng mga Espanyol, Tugon ng mga Pilipino PPT

Summary

The transcript delves into the colonial policies of the Spanish in the Philippines, initiated by Ferdinand Magellan's arrival in 1521 and solidified under Miguel Lopez de Legaspi. It outlines methods such as centralized governance, forced relocation of indigenous communities, and the imposition of tributes and labor. Despite efforts to spread Christianity, resistance grew, culminating in significant uprisings fueled by the desire for independence and the preservation of native culture. Key figures like Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio emerged in the struggle against colonial rule, highlighting the complexities of Filipino identity and the fight for sovereignty.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Philippines experienced significant colonial impact due to Spain's long occupation starting with Magellan's arrival in 1521.
• 😀 Ferdinand Magellan, a Spanish explorer, initiated contact with local leaders but did not survive in the Philippines.
• 😀 Miguel Lopez de Legaspi led successful expeditions to establish Spanish rule through alliances and military force.
• 😀 Spanish colonial governance involved a centralized system with a Governor-General overseeing local administration.
• 😀 Assimilation policies introduced by Spanish missionaries aimed to spread Catholicism and Spanish culture among Filipinos.
• 😀 The 'reducción' system forcibly relocated dispersed communities into centralized towns for easier governance.
• 😀 The 'encomienda' system granted Spaniards control over land and its inhabitants, leading to exploitation of native populations.
• 😀 Taxation and forced labor, such as 'polo y servicio', burdened the local population and led to resentment against Spanish rule.
• 😀 Several revolts and uprisings occurred as responses to Spanish abuses, indicating the struggle for autonomy among Filipinos.
• 😀 The emergence of nationalist sentiments in the 19th century set the stage for movements towards independence from Spanish colonial rule.

Q & A

What was the primary method used by the Spanish to govern the Philippines?

The Spanish employed a centralized governance model, appointing a Governor-General to oversee administration, law, and taxation.

Who was Ferdinand Magellan and what role did he play in the Spanish colonization?

Ferdinand Magellan was a Spanish explorer whose expedition reached the Philippines in 1521, marking the beginning of Spanish interest in the archipelago.

What was the 'reducción' system implemented by the Spanish?

The 'reducción' system involved forcibly relocating small, scattered communities into larger towns to facilitate governance and control.

How did the Spanish missionaries influence Filipino culture?

Spanish missionaries promoted the assimilation of their religion and culture, which included teaching Christianity, arts, and daily practices.

What was the 'encomienda' system?

The 'encomienda' system granted Spanish settlers control over land and local inhabitants, requiring them to pay tribute in exchange for protection.

What sparked the various uprisings against Spanish rule in the Philippines?

Widespread dissatisfaction with heavy taxation, forced labor, and cultural imposition led to numerous uprisings by native Filipinos.

Who were the key figures in the reform movement against Spanish rule?

Key reformists included Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez Jaena, and Marcelo H. del Pilar, who advocated for equality and representation.

What role did Andres Bonifacio play in the Philippine Revolution?

Andres Bonifacio was a prominent revolutionary leader who founded the Katipunan, aiming to achieve independence from Spanish colonial rule.

What were the consequences of the execution of the three Filipino priests in 1872?

The execution of Fathers Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora sparked outrage and became a rallying point for nationalistic sentiments against Spanish oppression.

Despite their efforts, why did early Filipino uprisings against the Spanish fail?

Early uprisings often failed due to lack of organization, support, and the superior military strength of the Spanish forces.