Sosiologi Kelas 10 - Metode Penelitian

Summary

In this presentation on social research methods for 10th-grade sociology, the speaker discusses the definition of research, emphasizing its role in uncovering truths through systematic investigation. They explain the two primary types of research methods: quantitative, which relies on numerical data and hypothesis testing, and qualitative, which focuses on narrative data and subjective interpretation. Key differences between these methods are highlighted, such as their approach to data collection and researcher involvement. The session aims to equip students with a foundational understanding of how social phenomena can be scientifically studied.

Takeaways

• 😀 Social research methods are systematic approaches to study social phenomena.
• 📖 Research is defined as a scientific activity aimed at uncovering truths, as highlighted by various scholars.
• 🔍 Key phases of research include applying scientific methods, investigating facts, and addressing problems.
• 📊 Social research methods can be categorized into quantitative and qualitative approaches.
• 🔢 Quantitative research uses numerical data and focuses on objectivity, often employing instruments like surveys.
• 💡 Qualitative research relies on narrative data and emphasizes subjectivity, with techniques like interviews and observations.
• 📈 In quantitative research, hypotheses are formulated based on identified variables, such as family income affecting children's education.
• 📝 Qualitative research does not require a hypothesis and often starts with a narrative understanding of the subject.
• 🛠️ The researcher plays a crucial role in qualitative research as an instrument for data collection and interpretation.
• 📊 Differences between the two methods include data type, approach to objectivity, and the role of the researcher.

Q & A

What is social research according to the transcript?

Social research is a systematic way to study social phenomena, allowing for scientific explanations through the application of research methods.

How does Soerjono Soekanto define research?

According to Soerjono Soekanto, research is an scientific activity aimed at uncovering the truth, reflecting humanity's desire to understand reality.

What are the key phases of research highlighted in the transcript?

The key phases of research include applying scientific methods, conducting investigations to obtain objective facts, solving problems, and systematically investigating issues.

What are the two main approaches to social research methods mentioned?

The two main approaches are quantitative and qualitative methods.

What distinguishes quantitative research methods from qualitative methods?

Quantitative methods use numerical data and aim for objectivity, while qualitative methods focus on narrative data and involve subjective interpretation.

What is an example of a variable in quantitative research?

An example is the monthly income of a family, which can be related to the educational level of their children.

How are data collected in quantitative research?

Data in quantitative research are collected using instruments like questionnaires and surveys, which are structured and aim for objective data collection.

What is a significant aspect of qualitative research methods?

Qualitative research methods often begin without a hypothesis and focus on collecting narrative data through observations and interviews.

How does the role of the researcher differ in qualitative versus quantitative research?

In qualitative research, the researcher acts as an instrument for data collection, interpreting the narratives gathered, while in quantitative research, the researcher aims for objectivity and minimizes personal bias.

What conclusion can be drawn about the differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods?

While quantitative methods emphasize numerical data and objectivity, qualitative methods prioritize narrative data and subjective interpretation, reflecting different tendencies in research approaches.