The Research Onion: purpose, explanation and how to use

Summary

In this video, Mark Saunders introduces the Research Onion, a comprehensive framework designed to guide researchers through the essential layers of planning their studies. He explains each layer, from research philosophy to data collection techniques, emphasizing the importance of methodological fit to ensure coherent research design. The video also highlights the challenges of aligning research choices and encourages careful consideration of philosophical assumptions and methods. By dissecting the onion's layers, researchers are prompted to reflect on their identities, strategies, and ethical considerations, ultimately enhancing the quality of their research outcomes.

Takeaways

• 😀 The research onion is a metaphor for the layers of considerations necessary in the research design process.
• 📊 It emphasizes the importance of careful planning before data collection to ensure methodological coherence.
• 🔍 The outer layer focuses on research philosophy, prompting researchers to reflect on their assumptions about reality, knowledge, and values.
• 📚 The second layer addresses approaches to theory development, including deductive, inductive, and theory generation/modification methods.
• 🔗 The third layer involves methodological choice, where researchers select between mono-method, multi-method, and mixed methods.
• 🛠️ The fourth layer highlights the need to choose appropriate research strategies, such as experiments, surveys, or case studies.
• ⏳ The fifth layer deals with time horizons, distinguishing between cross-sectional and longitudinal data collection.
• 📈 The innermost layer focuses on data collection procedures and analysis techniques, which must align with previous layers.
• ⚖️ Achieving methodological fit across all layers is crucial for ensuring a valid and reliable research design.
• 📖 Mark Saunders encourages viewers to explore additional resources for a deeper understanding of research methods.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the research onion framework?

The research onion framework is designed to help researchers understand the different layers of research methodology, guiding them in their research design and methodology selection.

What are the outer and inner layers of the research onion?

The outer layer consists of research philosophy, while the inner layers include approaches and strategies for conducting research.

Why are philosophical assumptions important in research?

Philosophical assumptions are crucial because they guide the selection of research design and data collection methods, influencing the overall research process.

What role does context play in formulating research questions?

Understanding the context of research questions is essential for selecting appropriate methodologies, as it helps ensure that the research design aligns with the objectives.

What is meant by 'methodological fit'?

Methodological fit refers to the appropriateness of the chosen research methods in relation to the research questions and objectives, ensuring that they align effectively.

Who are the authors referenced in the presentation regarding the layers of research design?

The presentation references work by the presenter and Paul, along with Wellman and colleagues, who discuss methodological fit.

What is the significance of the article on the research onion mentioned in the presentation?

The article provides an earlier version of the research onion framework, which helps researchers understand the conceptual structure behind research methodology.

How can researchers benefit from reviewing the channel for more presentations?

By reviewing additional presentations on the channel, researchers can gain more insights into various research methodologies and frameworks, enhancing their understanding and skills.

What is the final message given to the audience at the end of the presentation?

The presenter encourages the audience to utilize the information presented and wishes them good luck with their research.

What should researchers remember about the version of the research onion presented?

Researchers should note that the version of the research onion presented is an earlier iteration than what is commonly used, which may affect their understanding of the framework.