Theory Revision - CAT Term 2 - Grade 11
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script offers a comprehensive review for grade 11 students, covering key computer science topics from term two. It delves into storage memory, processing, and the distinction between primary and secondary memory. The script explains computer components like RAM, hard drives, and the booting process, while also exploring network concepts, including LANs, WLANs, and the significance of network security and ethical usage. Additionally, it touches on the importance of effective website design, data processing, and the role of questions in problem-solving. The script serves as a valuable study aid, preparing students for exams and practical applications.
Takeaways
- 💾 Remember the difference between primary memory (RAM) and secondary memory (hard drive) when discussing PC specifications.
- 🖥️ Understand the components of a desktop PC, including the ATX case, PSU, motherboard, CPU model, memory, optical drive, operating system, and peripherals like the keyboard and monitor.
- 🌐 Know the advantages and disadvantages of online storage and be able to explain the concept, including examples.
- ☁️ Distinguish between online storage, which is about file storage, and cloud computing, which involves running programs based on the cloud.
- 📚 Be aware of backup strategies and the difference between a backup, which is a copy, and an archive, which involves moving files for later use.
- 💻 Learn about the booting process of a computer, starting from the ROM instructions to loading the operating system.
- 🌐 Grasp the concepts of LAN (Local Area Network) and WLAN (Wireless LAN), and understand the differences and use cases.
- 🔑 Know the basics of network security, including the importance of strong passwords and the ethical use of networks.
- 🌐 Recognize the signs of being connected to a network, such as seeing additional drives or access to shared printers.
- 🛠️ Be familiar with network components like the network interface controller (NIC), switches, and the impact of data transmission speeds on network performance.
Q & A
What is the primary memory in a computer?
-The primary memory in a computer is RAM (Random Access Memory), which is used for temporary data storage while the computer is running.
What is the difference between primary and secondary memory?
-Primary memory, or RAM, is used for temporary data storage during operation, while secondary memory, such as hard drives, is used for long-term data storage.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of online storage?
-Advantages of online storage include accessibility from anywhere with an internet connection and off-site backups for security. Disadvantages include potential data privacy issues and reliance on internet connectivity.
How does cloud computing differ from online storage?
-Online storage involves storing files on remote servers, while cloud computing refers to using applications and services that are hosted on the internet rather than running on a local device.
What is the role of a backup in data management?
-A backup is a copy of data made to prevent data loss in case of corruption, deletion, or other issues. It ensures that important files can be restored if the original is compromised.
What is the purpose of the booting process in a computer?
-The booting process is the initialization of a computer's hardware and software systems when it starts up, allowing the operating system to load and the computer to become operational.
What is the difference between a LAN and a WLAN?
-A LAN (Local Area Network) is a wired network confined to a specific area, while a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) is a wireless network that allows devices to connect without physical cables.
Why might a wired connection be preferred over a wireless one?
-A wired connection is often preferred because it generally provides faster and more stable internet speeds compared to wireless connections, which can be affected by interference and distance.
What is an intranet and how does it differ from the internet?
-An intranet is a private network within an organization that mimics the functionality of the internet but is not publicly accessible. It is typically used for internal communication and resource sharing.
What is the significance of network security policies?
-Network security policies define the rules and practices for the secure use of a network. They help protect sensitive data and ensure that only authorized users have access to network resources.
Why is it important to have a strong password for network access?
-A strong password helps prevent unauthorized access to a network and its resources. It should include a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters, and should not be easily guessable.
Outlines
💾 Computer Memory and Storage
The paragraph introduces the concepts of primary and secondary memory, explaining RAM as primary memory and hard drives as secondary memory. It emphasizes the importance of understanding these terms when looking at PC specifications. The discussion also covers the difference between memory and storage, with examples from an ATX case and PSU setup, including motherboard, CPU model, optical drives, and other components. The paragraph further explores online storage, its advantages and disadvantages, and the distinction between online storage and cloud computing. It also touches on backup strategies and the difference between backups and archives, leading into a discussion on troubleshooting and processing roles within a computer system.
🌐 Local Area Networks and Network Components
This section delves into local area networks (LAN) and wireless LAN (WLAN), explaining their definitions and uses. It contrasts wired and wireless connections, highlighting the faster and more stable nature of wired networks. The paragraph discusses intranets, differentiating them from the internet and explaining their use within organizations. It also covers the roles of workstations and servers, and the importance of network components like network interface controllers, switches, and data transmission speeds. The discussion includes the impact of the slowest device on network speed and the significance of wireless standards. The paragraph concludes with an overview of wired media, network operating systems, and signs of being connected to a network.
🔐 Network Security and Usability
The focus of this paragraph is on network security, including the use of passwords and the concept of strong passwords with a mix of uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols. It warns against using easily guessable passwords and the risks of hacks. The paragraph also addresses ethical use of networks, acceptable use policies (AUPs), and netiquette rules. It discusses the browsing experience, website usability, and factors affecting browsing such as privacy concerns, spyware, adware, and the importance of antivirus software. The paragraph also touches on the process of finding information, data processing techniques, and the importance of effective reporting, including copyright and intellectual property considerations.
🔍 Information Management and Questionnaires
This section discusses the information management cycle, the role of questions in research, and data processing techniques. It emphasizes the importance of effective reporting, including the structure of reports with introductions, main bodies, and conclusions. The paragraph also covers electronic presentations and their role in providing quick overviews of reports. It discusses the task definition process, types of questions, and levels of questioning specific to the PET curriculum. The paragraph concludes with a discussion on questionnaires and surveys, differentiating between the two and explaining the importance of effective survey question design, layout, and the quality of information gathered.
📚 Summary of Term Two Theory
The final paragraph summarizes the theory covered in term two, inviting students to ask questions in the comments and mentioning upcoming practical demonstrations of the modules. It serves as a conclusion to the video script, wrapping up the discussion on computer memory, networks, information management, and the importance of understanding these concepts for grade 11 and 12 studies.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Storage Memory
💡Processing
💡Local Area Network (LAN)
💡Cloud Computing
💡Backup
💡Archiving
💡Troubleshooting
💡Network Interface Controller
💡Data Transmission Speeds
💡Wireless Standards
💡Network Security
Highlights
Introduction to term two revision covering theory modules
Explanation of primary and secondary memory with examples
Difference between memory and storage emphasized
Description of a desktop PC's components
Advantages and disadvantages of online storage discussed
Cloud computing contrasted with online storage
Importance of backing up files and backup strategies outlined
Difference between backup and archive explained
Troubleshooting topics in processing and storage introduced
Role of motherboard and CPU in processing explained
Booting process of a computer described
Local Area Networks (LAN) and Wireless LAN (WLAN) defined
Advantages of wireless LANs over wired connections
Intranet versus Internet and their uses
Workstation and server roles in a network
Components of a network and their functions
Data transmission speeds and network limitations
Wireless standards and their significance
Network operating system and its capabilities
Signs of being connected to a network
Advantages and disadvantages of wireless vs. cabled networks
Network security policies and ethical use
Importance of strong passwords for network security
Browsing experience and usability of websites
Factors affecting browsing including privacy and adware
Information processing from data to knowledge
Problem-solving cycle in information management
Role of questions in the information management cycle
Data processing techniques and effective reporting
Information management cycle and task definition
Types of questions and levels of questioning
Conducting surveys and questionnaires for data collection
Effective layout and quality of information in surveys
Transcripts
[Music]
hi grade 11s and welcome to our term two
revision where i'm looking at the theory
modules that we covered this term so i'm
just briefly gonna go go through
everything um so this would just be a
nice overview
for you okay so let's get started and
let's have a look at what we needed we
started with module 1.3 we were talking
about storage memory and processing
so please remember
right please remember this when we talk
about the specs of the pc now
i'll be asking things like what's the
primary memory and the secondary memory
please remember your primary memory
we're talking about ram
and that's what they show in here it's 1
to 16 gigs
well it's obviously bigger than that now
or you can have more than that and then
your storage your secondary memory yeah
we talk about you know more gigs we talk
about terabytes as well so primary
memory ram secondary memory our hard
drive okay
let's move on there we've got our memory
and storage again at this stage we know
the difference between
memory and storage so please
go through that
this is going to become an integral part
where we start throwing adverts in spec
lists of pcs so that you can understand
and let us know that you understand what
you are reading
so there for example is the memory look
at the top an atx case and psu that's
your power supply unit what this is
telling me is that there's a physical
case a physical tower with a power
supply unit so is it a laptop or a
desktop it's a desktop
then i've got my motherboard i've got
the model of the cpu i've got my
secondary memory my primary memory my
optical
drive
okay
my operating system
and the version of it
i've got a physical keyboard and mouse
and a 18.5 inch member we measure that
diagonally in inches
lcd liquid crystal display screen
okay so there they show us
just an example also of an external
drive and then we have online storage
again storing files online so we can
access it anywhere we need to provided
we have an internet connection
so they go through some of the
advantages
and disadvantages again as i always say
you should know just at least two of
them you should be able to explain the
concept of online storage
and be able to give us two
examples or two advantages and two
disadvantages and that should that
should sort of cover you
okay so please do make some time and go
through these things
then the difference between your online
storage and cloud computing now online
storage differs from cloud computing as
they're telling us because it involves
storing files so online storage i'm
storing files onto the cloud online
that's what i'm doing
okay
um
whereas cloud computing i'm actually
using
you know programs that based on the
cloud so
if i've got a version of office
that i need to connect to the internet
in order to actually use that that would
be an example of my cloud compute i'm
actually running things from the cloud
then with backing up but now we know
what backups are we are making a copy of
our files why because files can get
damaged corrupted deleted
so
just bear that in mind as well there are
a couple of popular backup strategies i
can use cds dvds blu-rays flash drives
portable hard drives and
obviously my online
storage as well now they go through the
process of how to write cds and dvds i'm
not going to worry too much about that
because they don't really ask you
for that this is something that they do
ask the difference between a backup and
archive now backup is when i'm making
another copy archiving i'm actually
moving those files somewhere else to use
at a later stage okay
then we start you know you'll see this
we start talking about troubleshooting
what do we do with problems arise so
managing backups problems with cds disk
scanning
please start to know these things
because it does play a big role in grade
11 and grade 12.
okay so you can go through that then
processing we know what processing is
and the role it plays
um we know how what our motherboard is
largest circuit board everything else is
plugged into our cpu that does the
process in our ram with the cpu goes to
fetch the instructions and data that it
needs to work on and our rom that holds
instructions when it comes to the basic
hardware of the computer you know when
the computer switches on it's got all
those instructions
in there
now this is important to know because
they'll ask you to describe the booting
process so when a computer starts itself
up you click on the start button and
your rom instructions then begin to load
it checks what the cpu and then the boot
processing begins you know uh when you
switch pc on
and i know some of them do that beep
like dude that's when rom has checked
through everything motherboard hardware
ram everything is okay
dude
let's go
and then the booting process goes and
this is why it moves in from a black
screen a black and white screen to the
windows logo because it looks for the
hard drive
where's the operating system installed
and then it loads the operating system
okay so there you can see checks all of
that and then loads the operating system
then the next one was dealing with your
local area networks now in grade in the
grade 10 revision video you saw we
started
on just what a network is now we're
going to some more detail we already
know what a network is so i don't even
have to go into that definition
um we know what that is we know what a
local area network is it's a network
confined to a
specific geographical area one
geographical area like your school or
your building or things like that then
you have your wlan which is a lan but
wireless
okay and they will ask you for the
difference between the two and why you
would use a wireless lan or what the
advantages of using the wireless lan
would be as opposed to a normal
cable glance please remember a cable
connection is always going to be faster
and more stable than your wireless so
just just bear those things in mind
also your intra i'm
please it's not internet this is an
intranet
sorry i must say it like that
this is an organization accompanies
private network it has an internet like
environment in other words i can open up
a website i can go to the company's
website click in there put in my
username and password and i'll navigate
as i would
you know when i browse the internet but
it is only within my company's
organization so if i go home i can't
access it
because i need to be connected to the
company's network and many times you
have got to go through
a vpn to be able to access these things
so and just know the difference between
those also the difference between your
workstation and your server your client
computer and your server client computer
workstation is going to be the same
thing your server provides services to
the network your clients connect to the
server um to benefit from those
then some of the basic components of the
network i know i had a video showing you
in in the class maybe i'll just do an
updated one
your network interface controller that's
your network card
that device is there
to allow the pc to connect to the
network so you've got your physical
network cable that gets plugged in
a physical network cable gets plugged
into the actual
network card and that is how it's able
then to communicate please know the
difference between that and a switch the
switch is a hardware device that as it's
saying connects computers in a network
right so that they can communicate
now you might have two or three computer
labs
or you your entire school might have a
network
and the switch allows one area to
connect to another one so that
communication can
uh occur also your data transmission
speeds in other words how fast data can
move over that cable
these are questions that come up often
i know this came up in the previous in
june's exams
so
please
when you see 10 100 1000 what that means
it's the minimum speed and the maximum
speed that that cable can handle so if
it says 10 100 means it can handle up to
100 megabits per second of data
transmission
on that line okay
also bear in mind
and they will ask you this
if all my devices my network card
because remember when i set up a network
i need a network card i've got a cable
i've got a switch i've got a server with
a network card all this if they all run
at the same speed beautiful
but let's say i've got cables that can
handle 100 megabits per second but my
network cards and my switches can only
handle 10 megabits per second then the
entire network
will work on 10 megabits per second your
network speed will be controlled
by the slowest device on that network so
if you want your network to run at you
know a thousand megabits per second all
your devices must be capable of handling
that thousand megabits per second okay
also your wireless standards um you know
what does that stand for what is the g
mean what does the n mean there they
tell us those are things that you must
know
okay and then they just mention your
wired media to your different types of
cables these guys know how to explain
these cables to us
that's another tip
oh this means the communication
the network operating system in other
words your operating system that has
network capability there are some
operating systems that don't allow you
to connect to a network so
um
most of your you know your windows
software does allow you to do that
uh but you would need to check on that
so again software that controls all the
communication security in a network uh
most have this built in as i mentioned
um
yeah that's that's about right so how
would you know that you are connected to
a network sometimes you'd see on your
explorer that you maybe have extra
drives
um you might see something else other
than you know when you click on my
network places you might actually see
that there are other computers there and
you might see you know when you want to
go and print to something oh there's you
know a whole list of printers with
different names you know
to places that
like your your library or things and
you're like okay but i'm sitting in the
computer lab so these are all
just some signs that
you are actually connected to a network
then you want to go into the advantages
again i'm not going to go through this i
have done videos on this so please go
and check that out know the advantages
between
your wireless and your cabled networks
the disadvantages as well why you would
choose one over the other because
they'll give you a scenario and ask you
to justify why the one is actually
better than the other
then your network security
your policies please just understand
what that is
and how it works
uh then they just mentioned within the
network environment you use usernames
and passwords obviously to keep your
information safe
uh
yes this is very important
please guys
they will ask you about passwords and
you might have to give an example of a
password that would be a strong password
a strong password should have a capital
it should have a number it should have
a symbol in it if you look at this
passage look i'm gonna i'm gonna say it
straight to you i'll never remember this
password but it's got all the elements
necessary for a strong password like it
doesn't make sense
that's the first thing it doesn't even
make sense but it's got a capital it's
got a number it's got a percentage right
it's got small letters as well so that
combination is what actually creates i'm
a good password should be about eight
characters
not the name of your girlfriend or dog
or boyfriend or anything no man this is
why you get hacked
so a few rules to follow at least eight
characters as i mentioned uppercase
lowercase numbers special characters you
know all that type of thing don't use
things like asdf 1234 your birthday oh
no please yeah you are going to get act
then the ethical use of
networks um
the proper way to use it a way that
doesn't infringe on anyone else a way
that doesn't hurt anyone else
and this is where we have things called
acceptable use policies your aups even
notice when you go to mcdonald's or kfc
and you want to connect to their wi-fi
that they give you a certain amount of
data for a certain period of time that's
the acceptable use policy when you go to
baywest and you connect or shopping
center you connect they give you they
don't give you unlimited data they give
you a certain amount of data a certain
amount of speed
and a certain amount of time so that you
can use it do what you need to and then
get off
okay
so
it will say you know what the user can
do what they permitted to do and not to
basic netiquette rules
and it basically serves as the contract
between the
provider and you as the consumer
okay so again you can go and read
through that
you know what should be in there
again you don't have to know every
single detail but you should know at
least two or three of those
uh then the next one was the browsing
experience the the usability of websites
now in grade 11 we would have started
with html so this plays into that
so i'm not going to spend too much time
on that i'm just going to breeze through
this
you know your website should have proper
navigation
shouldn't be any broken links or things
like that
you want to use proper fonts and the
same fonts all the way through so that
there's consistency i mean look at this
site it's got good fonts you know
keeping it to a reasonable size you've
got your menu on the side for navigation
so all of that looks good you can see
when they go to the next page still the
same headings still the same menu items
on the side the text is still more or
less the same size
and type so it it you know we you just
trying to keep that consistency going
there also your layout should be well
designed as you saw with the others your
typography please don't use multiple
fonts on one website you want to make
sure that it's easy to read not huge
fonts
or something too small that you're going
to need a magnifying glass please kind
of you know just
think
just think before you do this think of
your favorite website
even think of you know facebook and
things like that
you see how everything has been
structured so it's easy to read and easy
to go through everything
that's how your web page should be
okay some other factors affecting
browsing obviously privacy you don't
just click on everything all right
there's things like spyway
which is
big big business because people want to
know what you are looking at and what
your friends are looking at so they can
target you with certain adverts hoping
that you would then buy those products
so just know what spyware is as well
your profile your online profile is
based on which programs you use how
often you use them the websites you go
to those cookies by the way when you go
to a website and they say accept all
cookies and you click on them yeah
you know it's getting your your browsing
data okay
just say
just say
adware oh this this is you know
irritating like like really irritating
so adway is software that just downloads
and it bombards you with ads you just
connect to the internet it's ad ad and
ahead and
so be careful of the free program sorry
that are out there
um and uh yeah this type of software can
use up a lot of data so you want to have
an antivirus software to make sure that
you are okay
and the last one was finding information
again tying into those of you who are
doing the pet in grade 11 we go from
data to information to knowledge
data that needs to be processed
um
data needs not that needs to be
data needs to be processed to turn it
into information that makes sense
so we know this we have we've covered
this in grade 10 already
knowledge now turns inside or into
insight when we extend this information
by picking up patterns and gaining
insight for example
a shopping center allows you
to connect to the wi-fi you know why so
they can pick up the trend of where
people are going to first which shops
are more popular what's the sort of
route people take within the shops and
haven't you seen in
shopping centers that they sometimes
chop and change where the location of
certain shops are or where the food
court is and things like that
they're using you
but
that's what they do so that they can
work out what the best layout is
for you
why so that you can spend money okay
that's the ultimate goal of a shopping
center they want to make money
so here's our problem solving cycle we
determine a strategy
sorry we have a task definition then we
determine the strategy we implement it
and then we reflect
so they talk a bit about questions the
role of questions um i think a great
time we spoke about the open and closed
question as well
we know we can
you know these days we have an unlimited
supply of
resource material when i was growing up
i remember in primary school having to
do
an assignment on world war ii and i had
to go
get this to the library i know some of
you don't go there
but i had to go to the library to go and
find books then you know actually open
them and read them in order to extract
the information make photocopies and
things like that and then reword it uh
and if i was quoting you would quote
with appropriate sources you know
appropriate references
um and that's how i'd create my
assignment not this copy and paste from
google but we've got so much
more resources these days
then some of the data processing
techniques you know we use word we use
excel we use graphs you know all these
different things it's just showing you
what we can actually do
effective reporting they mention as well
where they talk about the report the
introduction you should have a main body
and a conclusion you want to look at
things like copyright intellectual
property correct referencing and
bibliography this is now when you're
putting everything together to present
this report
or assignment these are things we should
be looking at an electronic presentation
provides a useful quick overview and
summary of the report they're mentioning
this because in grade 11
for those who in the department of
education pet you will be doing this
okay so
please bear that in mind
they mentioned the information
management cycle again you can go
through this and really ask too many
questions on that
um again this is this is path related
the task definition what a task
definition is they give us a few
examples
um
yeah
really that's basically it we by now we
know what the task definition is the
types of questions the levels of
questions as well again this is
very specific to the path that
all of you are doing
okay so i'm just going to breeze through
that
these are just
when you busy with your questionnaire
when you're trying to ask questions
remember that that table that you would
be creating where you are asking
questions to guide your research those
three tables that you're supposed to
have
okay this is what would then help you
you could conduct a survey as well
because remember with your pet what's
going to happen is you're going to
conduct a questionnaire survey and
convert that into a spreadsheet which
you are going to then draw
information
from
so there are different ways to do
surveys very important because they have
asked in the in the question papers
already the difference between a
questionnaire and a survey
and why you would choose one over the
other
okay then you have your types of surveys
they just mentioned a few and give us
some details
that's obviously an electronic survey
um setting effective survey questions so
these could be
you know mentioned as tips when
conducting your survey or when putting
survey questions together what should
you be looking at
okay uh yeah that's all fine the
effective layout how is your survey been
laid out again guys you can just go
through this
i'm checking the quality of the
information
you know
you know they don't ask too many
questions on this but again
just go through it um you should have
covered this as well
and again this is based this is based on
what we've been doing okay it's based
off the bet
and yeah
i think that is about it sorry that i'm
throwing that up now
um let me just
okay so
that basically brings us to the end of
everything that was covered in term two
so guys if you have any other questions
let me know in the comments i will be
doing a prac on this as well
so that you can see the practice modules
that we've covered for the term but this
is your theory for term two
you
浏览更多相关视频
Primary Memory : Types and differences from Secondary Storage Memory
L-1.2: Von Neumann's Architecture | Stored Memory Concept in Computer Architecture
OCR GCSE Computer Science Paper 2 in 30 mins
Difference between RAM and Hard Disk
SSD vs Hard Drive vs Hybrid Drive
PENGERTIAN KOMPONEN KOMPUTER INPUT PROSES OUTPUT STORAGE
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)