DI TII KALIMANTAN SELATAN | MATERI SEJARAH INDONESIA KELAS 12

Summary

This video explores the DI TII rebellion in Kalimantan Selatan, led by Ibnu Hajar during the 1950s. The movement arose from military dissatisfaction, stemming from the post-independence KMB agreement and the restructuring of Indonesia's military. Ibnu Hajar, alongside other disillusioned veterans, formed the Kesatuan Rakyat (KR) and waged guerrilla warfare against the government. The rebellion escalated after aligning with the Negara Islam Indonesia (NII). Despite military operations to suppress the rebellion, Ibnu Hajar ultimately surrendered and was executed in 1963. The video offers a detailed look at the causes, events, and resolution of this historical conflict.

Takeaways

• 😀 The DI TII rebellion in South Kalimantan was driven by dissatisfaction with military policies and the treatment of local fighters.
• 😀 Ibnu Hajar, a former soldier in the Indonesian independence war, led the rebellion after being denied a military position in post-independence reorganizations.
• 😀 The rebellion's roots lie in the aftermath of the KMB (Konferensi Meja Bundar), where former Dutch soldiers were integrated into the Indonesian military, causing discontent.
• 😀 Ibnu Hajar formed a group called Kyb (Kesatuan Rakyat yang Tertindas) to launch attacks on military posts in an attempt to re-enter the Indonesian military without having to go through selection procedures.
• 😀 Despite government offers of reconciliation and military integration, Ibnu Hajar rejected these, continuing the insurgency and engaging in guerrilla warfare.
• 😀 In 1954, Ibnu Hajar's group joined the Negara Islam Indonesia (NII) under the leadership of Kartosuwiryo, further escalating the conflict in South Kalimantan.
• 😀 The conflict lasted for over a decade, with the government attempting peaceful negotiations, including efforts from former colleagues and family members to convince Ibnu Hajar to stop the rebellion.
• 😀 The government used military operations, such as Operation Segitiga and Operation Rico, to weaken and eventually suppress the DI TII movement in South Kalimantan.
• 😀 Ibnu Hajar’s group managed to sustain itself for a while, partly by utilizing the local population for supplies, which hindered military operations against them.
• 😀 The rebellion came to an end when Ibnu Hajar, after being promised clemency, was captured, tried, and ultimately executed.

Q & A

What was the main reason behind the DI TII South Kalimantan rebellion?

The rebellion was primarily fueled by dissatisfaction with the military's treatment of local soldiers, including Ibnu Hajar, after the signing of the Round Table Conference (KMB) and the subsequent policies regarding the integration of former KNIL soldiers into the Indonesian military.

How did Ibnu Hajar contribute to the Indonesian independence effort before the rebellion?

Ibnu Hajar had served as a lieutenant in the Indonesian military during the fight for independence, actively contributing to defending Indonesia's sovereignty in South Kalimantan.

What were the key policies that led to the rebellion in South Kalimantan?

The key policies included the integration of former KNIL soldiers into the Indonesian military, the reorganization and rationalization of the military, and the perceived favoritism towards soldiers from Java over local Kalimantan veterans.

What actions did Ibnu Hajar take after being rejected by the military selection process?

Ibnu Hajar and other rejected fighters formed the 'Kesatuan Rakyat yang Tertindas' (KYT) and launched attacks on military posts in South Kalimantan, hoping to be reintegrated into the military without undergoing literacy tests.

How did the government initially respond to the DI TII rebellion in South Kalimantan?

The government attempted to resolve the conflict through peaceful means, including sending representatives like Hasan Basri to negotiate and promising reintegration into the military. However, Ibnu Hajar rejected these offers.

What role did Kartosuwiryo play in the rebellion?

Kartosuwiryo, the leader of the Indonesian Islamic State (NII), contacted Ibnu Hajar in 1954 and convinced him and his group to join the NII, with Ibnu Hajar being appointed as the NII's military commander.

What were the major military operations against the DI TII South Kalimantan group?

Several operations were launched against the DI TII group, including 'Operasi Delima' in 1959 and 'Operasi Segitiga.' These operations successfully killed or captured several members of the rebellion and destroyed their weapons and supplies.

What strategy did the DI TII South Kalimantan group use to survive in the jungle?

The DI TII group survived by relying on local communities who would frequently enter and exit the jungle to trade goods, providing them with supplies and support.

How did the rebellion end?

The rebellion ended after continued military pressure, and Ibnu Hajar eventually surrendered following negotiations with the police, promising him amnesty and a position in the military. However, Ibnu Hajar was tried and executed after his surrender.

What was the outcome of the rebellion for the Kalimantan region?

The rebellion created a prolonged security crisis in South Kalimantan, but after sustained military operations, including the support from Kalimantan Timur's military forces, the DI TII group's strength waned, leading to its eventual defeat.