PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT (1872-1898) - PART I

Summary

In this engaging video, the host introduces a discussion on the period of enlightenment in Philippine history (1872-1898), highlighting key figures like José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano López Jaena. The host, portrayed as 'Dr. Rizal Version 2,' explains the significance of their works in awakening Filipino nationalism and advocating for reforms. The video also includes reflections on Rizal’s influence, particularly his belief in the power of words over violence, and a discussion with the host's sister on her admiration for Rizal’s dedication to the youth.

Takeaways

• 🎙️ The host, Clean Intellectually, introduces the show and dives into a discussion on Philippine history, particularly the period of Spanish colonization.
• 📅 The script highlights the execution of Filipino priests GomBurZa in 1872 as a pivotal event that sparked the Filipino spirit of nationalism.
• 🌍 The period from 1872 to 1898 is identified as a time of enlightenment in the Philippines, driven by the Propaganda Movement led by intellectuals like José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano López Jaena.
• 📚 Dr. José Rizal's works, including 'Noli Me Tangere' and 'El Filibusterismo,' are celebrated for exposing the evils of Spanish colonial rule and inspiring the revolution.
• 🖋️ The Propaganda Movement sought reforms such as equal treatment under the law, representation in the Spanish government, and freedom of speech and press for Filipinos.
• 📝 Marcelo H. del Pilar, also a key figure, is known for his satirical writings that criticized the abuses of the Spanish clergy and government.
• 🗞️ Graciano López Jaena, another leader, used his writing to rally Filipinos towards the cause of independence through his work with the newspaper 'La Solidaridad.'
• ✍️ The script underscores José Rizal's belief in the power of writing over violence, as he used his pen to inspire Filipinos to seek justice and independence.
• 📖 Kate, a character in the script, admires José Rizal the most, particularly for his poem 'To the Filipino Youth,' which encourages young people to use their talents for the nation's benefit.
• 🎬 The script concludes with a casual conversation between siblings, reflecting on the significance of the Propaganda Movement and its leaders.

Q & A

Who were the three priests mentioned in the script, and what happened to them?

The three priests mentioned are Gomes, Burgos, and Zamora. They were guillotined without sufficient evidence of guilt on February 17th, which led to the spiritual awakening of Filipinos under Spanish rule.

Why was the period from 1872 to 1898 considered the 'Period of Enlightenment' in the Philippines?

The period from 1872 to 1898 was considered the 'Period of Enlightenment' because it was marked by the rise of the Propaganda Movement led by intellectuals like José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano López Jaena. They sought reforms and changes, including equal treatment under the law, representation in the Spanish courts, and freedom of speech.

What were the five main objectives of the Propaganda Movement?

The five main objectives of the Propaganda Movement were: 1) to seek equal treatment for Filipinos and Spaniards under the law, 2) to make the Philippines a colony of Spain, 3) to restore Philippine representation in the Spanish courts, 4) to Philippineize the parishes, and 5) to give Filipinos freedom of speech, the press, assembly, and redress of grievances.

What is the significance of José Rizal's novel 'Noli Me Tangere'?

'Noli Me Tangere' is significant because it exposed the evils of the Spanish-run government in the Philippines and played a key role in inspiring the Propaganda Movement and the eventual revolution against Spanish rule.

What are some of the notable works of José Rizal mentioned in the script?

Notable works of José Rizal mentioned include 'Noli Me Tangere,' 'El Filibusterismo,' 'Mi Último Adiós,' 'Sobre la Indolencia de los Filipinos,' and 'Filipinas Dentro de Cien Años.' These works exposed societal and governmental issues in the Philippines and inspired the fight for independence.

Who was Marcelo H. del Pilar, and what was his contribution to the Propaganda Movement?

Marcelo H. del Pilar was a key figure in the Propaganda Movement, known for his writings and leadership. He founded the newspaper 'Diariong Tagalog,' exposed the abuses of Spanish authorities, and replaced Graciano López Jaena as editor of 'La Solidaridad.' His works include 'Dasalan at Tocsohan' and 'Sagot ng Espanya sa Hibik ng Pilipinas.'

What challenges did Marcelo H. del Pilar face during his activism?

Marcelo H. del Pilar faced significant challenges, including forced exile to Spain to avoid banishment due to his writings. Despite suffering from tuberculosis, he continued his activism and ultimately died in Spain without being able to say goodbye to his family.

Who was Graciano López Jaena, and what was his role in the Propaganda Movement?

Graciano López Jaena was a prominent figure in the Propaganda Movement, known for his oratory skills and writings. He was the first editor of 'La Solidaridad,' a publication that advocated for reforms in the Philippines. His works include 'Fray Botod' and other essays that criticized Spanish friars.

How did José Rizal use his writings to fight for Filipino independence?

José Rizal used his writings, such as 'Noli Me Tangere,' 'El Filibusterismo,' and various essays, to expose the injustices faced by Filipinos under Spanish rule. He believed in peaceful reform through education and intellectual awakening, proving that the pen is mightier than the sword.

What is the message of José Rizal's poem 'A la Juventud Filipina' (To the Filipino Youth)?

The message of 'A la Juventud Filipina' is to inspire the Filipino youth to use their talents and abilities not only for their personal success but also for the betterment of their country. Rizal emphasized the importance of youth in nation-building and the future of the Philippines.