Digital Self-Sovereignty in the Age of AI | Illia Polosukhin - NEAR Foundation

ETHDenver
2 Mar 202415:36

Summary

TLDR演讲者分享了自己从机器学习研究者到区块链技术创业者的转变历程。他强调了构建自我主权的重要性,包括对资产、数据和治理权力的控制。演讲者指出,当前全球面临激励机制问题,科技公司和银行通过不透明的操作获取利润,导致公众对现实的认知和数据控制权的丧失。他提倡利用区块链技术实现自我监管和透明度,以抵御由少数公司控制的黑镜式未来,推动开源AI的发展,确保智能技术为所有人所用,而不是被单一实体所控制。

Takeaways

  • 🌟 演讲者自2019年以来一直在参与东丹佛的活动,并且见证了该活动的成长,对此感到非常兴奋。
  • 🤖 演讲者曾是一名机器学习研究者和开发者,参与开发了Google的Transformer技术,这项技术现在推动了AI领域的许多进步。
  • 🚀 演讲者创立了一家AI初创公司,专注于教机器编程,改变人与计算的互动方式,并面临全球支付的挑战。
  • 🌐 演讲者强调了构建NEAR协议和区块链的重要性,以支持全球范围内的加密货币使用和其他用例。
  • 🏛️ 演讲者提出了自我主权的愿景,即让人们控制自己的资产、数据和治理权力,这是理解演讲核心的关键点。
  • 💡 演讲者认为,自我主权不仅限于控制资产,还包括数据控制和治理权力,这对全球都是一个重要问题。
  • 🔒 演讲者指出,当前存在两大问题:激励问题和现实控制问题,这些问题导致了人们对现实感知的丧失。
  • 💼 演讲者提到,大型科技公司和银行通过不透明的金融工具和广告操纵,利用其地位来获取更多利润,这是激励问题的一个例子。
  • 🛑 演讲者认为,自上而下的监管方法,如AI监管,不会奏效,因为它们限制了创新并让大公司控制了更多的资源。
  • 🌱 演讲者鼓励开源和社区治理,利用区块链技术实现自我监管,提供透明度和可见性。
  • 🌐 演讲者描述了一个自我主权操作系统的愿景,包括用户拥有的AI、去中心化数据和信任基础设施。
  • 💼 演讲者邀请听众思考超越Web 3.0,利用技术为每个人带来自我主权,确保智能工具对所有人都可用,不受单一实体控制。

Q & A

  • 演讲者提到了他在谷歌研究团队的经历,他们开发了什么技术?

    -演讲者提到他在谷歌研究团队工作时,他们开发了一种名为'Transformers'的技术,这项技术是当前人工智能领域许多进步的动力。

  • 演讲者在区块链领域的经历是什么?

    -演讲者曾在2018年开始专注于构建NEAR协议,这是一种区块链技术,旨在支持全球范围内的加密货币使用以及其他多种应用。

  • NEAR协议的愿景是什么?

    -NEAR协议的愿景是构建自我主权,即让所有人都能控制自己的资产、数据和治理权力。

  • 演讲者如何定义自我主权?

    -演讲者定义自我主权为人们能够控制自己的资产、数据和治理权力,这不仅包括资产控制,还包括对数据和治理的控制。

  • 演讲者提到了全球金融问题,他是如何成长的?

    -演讲者在乌克兰长大,他经历了银行的失败和高通胀,这使他对银行和金融系统持有不信任的态度。

  • 演讲者如何看待当前的全球问题,特别是数据控制问题?

    -演讲者认为,失去对数据的控制是一个全球性问题,这不仅仅是发展中国家的问题,而是全球范围内人们开始失去对生活控制的问题。

  • 演讲者提到了激励问题,这是指什么?

    -激励问题是指公司为了创造更多收入而不断优化模型以提取更多价值,这可能导致不透明和操纵行为,从而引发金融危机或对消费者不利的结果。

  • 演讲者如何看待当前的AI广告和内容操纵问题?

    -演讲者认为,随着AI技术的发展,广告和内容操纵问题变得非常危险,因为这些技术可以直接影响消费者的感知和购买决策。

  • 演讲者对于监管机构的看法是什么?

    -演讲者认为,自上而下的监管方法,如董事会或一小群监管者试图改善情况的方法,不会奏效。他提倡使用区块链技术进行自我监管,提供透明度和可见性。

  • NEAR协议如何帮助实现自我主权?

    -NEAR协议通过构建一个支持全球加密货币使用的区块链平台,使用户能够控制自己的资产和数据,并通过透明的治理结构实现自我主权。

  • 演讲者如何看待开源AI和社区模型的重要性?

    -演讲者认为开源AI和社区模型对于确保AI技术不被单一实体控制,以及确保每个人都能访问和受益于AI技术至关重要。

  • 演讲者提到了NEAR协议的哪些关键组件?

    -演讲者提到了NEAR协议的关键组件包括私人数据、去中心化数据、用户拥有的AI、社区AI、无需信任的基础设施以及作为服务提供的经验。

  • 演讲者如何看待当前的监管环境对创新的影响?

    -演讲者认为当前的监管环境,特别是在AI领域,通过限制参数数量和要求伦理评估,实际上限制了创新,让大公司拥有更多控制权,而初创公司和创新者则难以参与。

  • 演讲者如何描述NEAR协议的用户增长策略?

    -演讲者描述了NEAR协议的用户增长策略是通过提供易于使用的应用和服务,让用户在不知情的情况下使用区块链技术,例如通过Kaai Ching、Sweatcoin、Play Amber和Hot Wallet等应用。

  • 演讲者如何看待当前的全球挑战,特别是乌克兰的情况?

    -演讲者通过自己在乌克兰的成长经历,指出了独裁者如何控制国家、操纵人民的感知,并使战争和暴力行为正常化,强调了需要在根本层面上解决这些挑战。

Outlines

00:00

😀 区块链与人工智能的结合

演讲者首先感谢观众并表达了对参与东丹佛活动的兴奋之情。他回顾了自己作为机器学习研究者和开发者的10年经历,特别是在谷歌研究团队开发了Transformers技术。随后,他讲述了自己如何从AI创业公司转型到区块链领域,创建了Near协议,以解决全球支付网络的问题。演讲者强调了自我主权的重要性,包括对资产、数据和治理权力的控制,并分享了自己在乌克兰成长的经历,以及对银行和通货膨胀的不信任。他还提到了数据控制和治理权力的重要性,并指出了当前金融体系和科技公司存在的问题,如缺乏透明度和操纵消费者感知等。

05:01

😡 激励问题与监管挑战

演讲者深入讨论了激励问题,指出这并非新问题,而是自比特币诞生之初就存在的。他批评了银行和科技公司利用自身地位操纵市场、制造不透明金融工具以追求利润的行为。此外,演讲者提到了AI在广告中的应用,以及它如何加速了对消费者感知的操纵。他还提到了监管问题,批评了白宫的AI监管政策,认为这限制了创新,并让大公司更容易控制市场。演讲者呼吁使用区块链技术进行自我监管,提供透明度,并强调了开源的重要性。

10:03

🌐 自我主权的数字系统

演讲者提出了构建自我主权数字系统的重要性,强调了去中心化和透明性的必要性。他讨论了如何利用区块链和AI技术来构建这样的系统,包括用户拥有的AI和社区模型,以及信任基础设施。演讲者还强调了简化用户入门流程的重要性,以便吸引更多用户使用Web 3技术。他提到了Near协议如何支持消费者应用,并拥有超过1000万月活跃用户,这些用户可能并不知道他们正在使用区块链技术。

15:04

🤖 用户拥有的AI与社区模型

演讲者强调了用户拥有的AI和社区模型的重要性,指出这可以避免中央公司控制模型,从而减少对用户操纵的风险。他讨论了开源AI模型和公共数据集的重要性,并提出了在用户设备上运行的AI模型的概念。演讲者还鼓励社区思考超越Web 3的哲学,关注如何吸引新用户和构建新体验。他最后邀请观众关注他的Twitter,以了解更多关于自我主权和Near协议的信息。

👏 结语与感谢

演讲者以感谢观众的掌声结束了演讲,并鼓励大家思考如何超越当前的技术和市场,解决现实世界的问题。他强调了开放源代码AI的重要性,以及如何利用技术为每个人带来自我主权。演讲者还提到了如何确保内容的真实性和质量,以及如何避免被虚假内容充斥。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡区块链

区块链是一种分布式账本技术,它允许多个参与者共同维护一个持续增长的数据记录列表。在视频中,区块链技术被提及为一种解决方案,用于实现全球范围内的加密货币使用和其他多种应用场景,比如支付系统和数据治理。

💡自我主权

自我主权是指个人对自己的资产、数据和治理权力拥有控制权的概念。视频中强调了自我主权的重要性,认为每个人都应该有权利控制自己的数字生活,包括资产和个人数据,这是构建一个更公平、更透明的数字世界的基础。

💡加密货币

加密货币是一种基于密码学的数字货币,它通过区块链技术实现去中心化的交易和控制。视频中提到,加密货币可以作为全球支付网络,允许人们跨越地理和政治界限进行交易。

💡激励问题

激励问题指的是当个体或组织被激励去追求更多收益时,可能会采取不透明或操纵性的行为来增加利润。视频中讨论了传统金融机构和科技公司如何利用其市场地位来设置高昂的费用和操纵用户感知,从而引发金融危机或数据滥用问题。

💡人工智能

人工智能(AI)是计算机科学的一个分支,它试图理解智能的实质,并生产出一种新的能以人类智能相似方式做出反应、学习、推理和决策的智能机器。视频中提到了AI在广告和内容生成中的应用,以及它如何被用于塑造用户对现实的看法。

💡Transformers

Transformers是一种深度学习模型,它在自然语言处理领域取得了巨大成功。视频中提到,演讲者曾在谷歌研究团队工作,参与开发了这项技术,它现在驱动着大多数AI领域的进步。

💡开源

开源指的是软件的源代码可以被公众查看、修改和增强的一种许可模式。视频中强调了开源的重要性,认为它是推动技术创新、确保透明度和防止单一实体控制技术发展的关键。

💡监管

监管通常指政府或监管机构对特定行业或活动实施的规则和监督。视频中批评了现有的监管方法,认为它们往往过于自上而下,不能有效应对快速变化的技术环境,有时甚至会限制创新。

💡用户拥有的AI

用户拥有的AI是指AI模型和数据由用户自己控制,而不是由中心化的公司控制。视频中提到,这种AI可以更好地服务于用户,保护用户的隐私和数据,同时避免被操纵。

💡Web 3.0

Web 3.0是互联网发展的一个概念,它强调去中心化、用户主权和更智能的网络服务。视频中提到Web 3.0不仅是关于加密货币和市场,而是关于创造新的经济机会、应用和全球性的体验。

💡信任基础设施

信任基础设施指的是建立在区块链技术上的系统,它允许在没有中心化权威的情况下进行交易和交互。视频中讨论了如何通过构建信任基础设施来实现自我主权和社区治理。

Highlights

自2019年以来,演讲者一直参与东丹佛的活动,见证了该活动的成长,感到非常兴奋。

演讲者曾是机器学习研究者和开发者,参与开发了名为“Transformers”的技术,该技术目前是AI领域大多数进步的驱动力。

演讲者所在的AI初创公司尝试教授机器编程,改变与计算机的交互方式。

为了支付全球参与者的众包工作,演讲者及其团队在2018年之前发现加密货币并非全球支付网络。

演讲者专注于构建NEAR协议,一种区块链技术,旨在实现加密货币的全球使用以及其他多种用例。

演讲者提出了建立自我主权的愿景,即让人们控制自己的资产、数据和治理权力。

演讲者强调自我主权的重要性,特别是在他成长的乌克兰,银行失败和通货膨胀是他成长过程中的一部分。

演讲者指出,数据控制权的丧失是一个全球性问题,而不仅仅是发展中国家的问题。

演讲者讨论了激励问题,这是比特币诞生时就存在的问题,现在科技巨头也在利用其地位来获取利润。

演讲者警告说,AI现在被用于广告中,可能会操纵人们的感知,这是非常危险的。

演讲者提到,当前的监管方法,如AI监管,可能会限制创新,让大公司控制更多。

演讲者认为,使用加密货币是一种自我调节的方式,可以提供透明度和可见性。

演讲者提出了两种未来情景:一种是少数公司控制现实感知的“黑镜”状态,另一种是个人拥有主权的自我主权路径。

演讲者强调AI证明系统的重要性,即利用区块链等技术来创建透明和去中心化的数字系统。

演讲者邀请听众超越Web 3的哲学,思考如何吸引新用户,构建新体验,并解决现实世界的问题。

演讲者强调开源AI模型和公共数据集的重要性,以及在用户设备上运行的AI模型,这些模型不受单一实体控制。

演讲者提出了社区模型的概念,这些模型可以代表特定社区的价值观,并与社区的知识和经验互动。

演讲者鼓励大家思考如何利用技术为每个人带来自我主权,确保智能工具对所有人都可用,不受单一实体控制。

演讲者最后邀请感兴趣的人关注他的Twitter,以了解更多关于自我主权和NEAR协议的信息。

Transcripts

play00:03

thank you thank you very much great to

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be here uh this is I've been coming to

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East Denver since 2019 so it's been

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really exciting to see this event

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growing so I'm really excited to be here

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and uh if you missed uh I've before kind

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of my blockchain uh journey I actually

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was for about 10 years um machine

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learning researcher and developer I

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worked at Google research and and the

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team of us have developed a technology

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called Transformers and for those who

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are not familiar it is what powers most

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of the advancements right now in uh in

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AI now near actually started as AI

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startup we were teaching machines to

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code we're trying to change how you

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interact with Computing and we had a

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challenge ourselves that as we were uh

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interacting with different uh

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participants to curate more data and do

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crowdsourcing we needed to pay them uh

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and they were everywhere in around the

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world and you would think that crypto is

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that global payment Network that uh can

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enable this back in 2018 it was not the

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case and this is when we really focused

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on building out near protocol and a

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blockchain that can actually power um

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Global usage of cryptocurrency as well

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as a lot of other use

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cases now the vision we set out to do

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is really to build self- sovereignty the

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way we Define this is that we want all

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people to have control of their assets

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data and power of governance and these

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are important uh pieces to understand

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right we talk a lot about self

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soverignty uh around kind of being able

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to control your own assets but it spans

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beyond that and it's especially

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important you know I grew up in Ukraine

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and you know kind of the failure of

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banks the hyper inflation is something

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that I'm I grew up with uh I wouldn't

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trust you know many banks in Ukraine

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with a lot of money for sure and uh for

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you know I've seen kind of inflation of

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initially coupons and now griev as well

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uh that continuesly to happen but beyond

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that it's also what we have now with

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data uh and I'll talk about more of this

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and so the I think the important part

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this is not just developing country

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problem this is really a global problem

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that we have that we starting to lose

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our control over our lives uh and kind

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of this is what the important part of

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power of governance

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is so there are two major problems

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converging right now there is one that

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is really about the incentives and this

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is not a new problem the two the kind of

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the beginning of Bitcoin with you know

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uh Global financial crisis was Banks who

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leveraged and leveraged their position

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to really create new financial

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instruments without any transparency and

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then kind of to generate more profit and

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led to a financial crisis similarly we

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have now with tech companies who are

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able to leverage their position their

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access their distribution to put High

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fees in app store to really kind of uh

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have pretty much promote products and

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even manipulate the way you are P

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perceiving products through

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advertisement and these are again

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with the age of AI now accelerating

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because even before uh you know machine

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learning been used for a long time in

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advertisement now you're able to have

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this advertisement being injected

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directly into the answer that you asking

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chat GPT or gemini or any other chatbot

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and you wouldn't even know if it was

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coming from a statistical model based on

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General data or it has been affected by

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an ad auction and price and kind of sold

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for specific spefically you to you know

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promote this product or this opinion or

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this idea and this is extremely

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dangerous and this is where we're

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starting to lose in many ways control of

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the reality because the reality is now

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framed by you know the media you consume

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the uh kind of products you're using and

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if they are controlled by single parties

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that have kind of their motivation is

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really driven by this incentives you

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know shareholder profits they all will

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be continuously trying to increase that

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value extraction uh and CH to change

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your opinion now again this is not a

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like uh isolated problem it affects

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everyone in the digital world and this

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is just news from last week this is like

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not even hard it took two minutes to

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pull you know all kinds of ways that

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right now the current system is trying

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to uh figure out how to deal with this

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right it's everything from you know open

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AI that was originally a nonprofit now

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making billions of dollars you have

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people who are you know suing Google

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because it has such a manipis control

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over advertisement you have you know

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approaches which are scaring people with

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Sora so you have all of the things

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happening right now and I would claim

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that companies don't do it on purpose

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right there's no like evil mastermind

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sitting there and and saying like hey we

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really need to manipulate people this is

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really the incentive problem the problem

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that as you incentivized to create more

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Revenue you incentivized to figure out

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how to extract more value and you will

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be continuously making this models to do

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that now this is really combined with

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you know all the other world kind of

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challenges we have right and again I'm

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from Ukraine I see a very uh clear

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problems with dictators who are

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controlling countries right being able

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to really change the world and

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perception of the population and such a

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way that they normalize the war and

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killing of people who are really their

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you know actually blood uh relatives and

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so we really need to actually address

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these challenges at a fundamental level

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and I would say that Regulators the

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approaches that are top down that come

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in from boardrooms or from uh kind of a

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small set of regulators trying to think

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how to improve the situation will not

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work for example the AI regulations

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right now the there is an executive

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order that came out of white house that

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makes no sense they are restricting

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Innovation by saying that if you have

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more than some number of parameters

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you're not able to do it unless you have

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like a team that will be ethically

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evaluating the models they have not

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defined any of the criteria for what is

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etical and what is you know safe for the

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models and what it means is they

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actually let making the big bigger

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companies being able to control that

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even more because they have the

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resources and fund to really set up the

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teams and Market them as you know really

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important part of the process whereas

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startups and innovators are not able to

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where is open source that is truly at

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the core of what we're doing is not able

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to do that and this is really kind of

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one of the most challenging thing and we

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see the same thing with regulations and

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crypto where like The Regulators don't

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understand the fact that using crypto is

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the way to regulate this we have the

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opportunity to leverage this technology

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to actually self-regulate and provide

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transparency and visibility to everyone

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and so we have this fork in the road

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right on one side we have a Black Mirror

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state where we have few companies that

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really control the way people perceive

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reality the way people buy products the

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way people you know consume content or

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we have a self- sovereign uh route which

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is really about each individual having

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the ability to do this each Community

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having their own right and way and you

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have a choice if you want to use you

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know centralized company you have that

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choice but you should be able to also

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switch to Alternative the alternative

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and startups should be able to innovate

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and create alternative products not

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require you know ton of licenses to just

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start building a model in Python

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notebook like that's that's a level of

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regulations right now that's happening

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and so it's really important for us to

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AI proof our systems AI is extremely

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powerful tool I'm really excited at what

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you know the progress we've seen and I'm

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excited to you know contribute and and

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see even more progress but we also need

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to understand that this is can be used

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to do all this bad things and we need

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our systems which right now rely on

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paperwork on unsecure connections on you

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know ability to look at the content you

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don't know where it came from to really

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leverage cryptography leverage

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blockchain leverage all of the

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Technologies we're building to a i proof

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it it's about decentralized and

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transparent digital systems that will

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allow ow to have incentives to be

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transparent and clear to everyone

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instead of right now you have opaque

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systems inside bigger companies and

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bigger Banks it's new collaboration

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structures that we can all come together

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to promote open source to develop new

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tooling to enable it to be used by

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everyone and if you are making money of

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it to contribute back in

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kind and finally it's about kind of

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scaling the markets and allowing anybody

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to participate in an open way uh without

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boundaries without you know trying to

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prove your background or where you came

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from or what's you know any other

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property but really being able to

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participate so we are kind of as near

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been always thinking about this and for

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us this all comes together as self-

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Sovereign operating system it's really

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something that as we kind of interact in

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with Computing we need a different way

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of doing this and now it builds up on

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traditional operating systems web to

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operating systems there's a huge

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component of private data and

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decentralized data data there's a huge

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component of user owned AI an ability

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for you as a user to have your AI That's

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on your side being able to kind of

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shield and decide what content and how

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it should be summarized that you define

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similarly you you have user owned AI

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that is Def works for community on

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behalf of community andwers that you

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have trustless infrastructure and you

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have experiences that are now more

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generated and less like by your own

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model and really provides to you uh as a

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service so the trustless infrastructure

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this is something we're building here

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right we here at this Denver a lot of us

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are building is infrastructure

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applications on top of it and it's all

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about s sovereignty you know that

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private key kind of cryptography that

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enables this but now we need to push

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forward to enable communities to govern

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this to enable to have uh really easy

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way to on board new users and this is

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one of the components why we've been

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focused on chain abstraction on enabling

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really a way for anyone to on board and

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use web 3 without thinking about the

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blockchain gas feeds Bridges lowlevel

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infrastructure ideally even wallets and

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uh other pieces if you don't need to and

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this is really how we bring the next

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wave of users they're not going to come

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because of the uh values per se they're

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going to come because it's easy to use

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it's new content it's new opportunity

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and they're able to do this as near

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we've been doing this

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uh since mayet and we are proudly a home

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for top consumer applications we have

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over 10 million monthly active users

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most of whom don't know they using

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blockchain they use it through different

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applications like kaai ching and

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sweatcoin play Amber and hot wallet to

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really interact with all of the web 3

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without thinking about the kind of

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underlying details gas fees and other

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pieces of infrastructure that we all you

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know really working

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on now the other piece is user own dat

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AI I think this is extremely important

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because right now the alternative is

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companies centralized companies that

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fully control the model that are able to

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provide you an answer really fast

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potentially cheap but you have no idea

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what you're getting into right you have

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no idea what decisions went in into

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training data into how the systems proms

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were affected and how things actually uh

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been processed when you see them right

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there's no way to ensure that the thing

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you're getting has not dropped a

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specific piece of content from the

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training data which completely

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potentially avoids a whole spectrum of

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thinking because of whatever political

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view or any other view that that company

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had and remember this company is a

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jurisdiction in specific country and

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they need to comply by those regulations

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and so there's always will be

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limitations on what this models can do

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and so open- Source AI models are

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extremely important public data sets are

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extremely important figuring out how do

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we get models that run on your phone

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that owned by you that are on your side

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and are not trying to manipulate you is

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extremely important and this is where

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even further you can imagine Community

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models that are uniting values of any

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specific community and providing way to

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kind of interact with the knowledge and

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experiences of this community this is

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all important and this is all need to

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work on and so I'm inviting everyone

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here to think Beyond on just web 3

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because we sometimes get really focused

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on the philosophy on the kind of values

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we establish here or sometimes as Chris

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uh was talking before we have you know a

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casino and it's it's entertaining

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there's a lot of fun you know you can go

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DJ and the coins on on Exchange but all

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of that is serves a purpose and it

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serves a purpose to create new Economic

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Opportunity create new really cool

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applications you cannot have in web 2

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because it's New Market Market places

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it's new opportunities that are Global

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and enable new like new experiences for

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people and so it's easy to get caught up

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in in kind of our you know Market going

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up and everybody being excited about

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this but I encourage everyone to Think

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Through how do we get Beyond this how do

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we on board new wave of users what

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experiences can we build as well as how

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do we bring and solve problems that

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exist in real world right again open

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source AI is something that is being

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constantly pish right now because

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there's no incentives to actually build

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in open source and you have so much more

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incentives building in in uh big

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companies how do we leverage that how do

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we leverage technology to bring self-

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sovereignty to everyone make sure that

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intelligence as a tool is available to

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everyone at all times and is not

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controlled by single parties how do we

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make sure that we have and continue

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having access to all the content and at

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the same time are not spammed by

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generated content that is fake and be

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able to discern and have a reputation

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around content all this pieces we have

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the technology we have now

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infrastructure and so now it's really

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about building the applications so I

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thank everyone if you're interested to

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learn more about what I'm working on

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follow me on Twitter and self

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sovereignty is near so I'm hope we can

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all work on

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[Applause]

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this

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thank you Ilia that was great really

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important stuff really appreciate it uh

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we're going to go to a short break and

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uh

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