IP address network and host portion | subnet mask explained | ccna 200-301 free |

Summary

In today's CCNA session, the focus was on IPv4 addresses, highlighting the division into network and host portions. The importance of a unique network number and IP address for each machine was emphasized. The role of subnet masks in determining these portions was explained, using an example with a /24 subnet mask to illustrate how network and host addresses are derived.

Takeaways

• 🌐 The session is part of the CCNA series and focuses on IPv4 addressing, network and host portions, and subnet masks.
• 🔢 Each network in TCP must have a unique network number, and every machine must have a unique IP address.
• 📝 IP addresses are divided into two parts: the network part and the host part, with the network part identifying the class of the network.
• 👥 The network part of an IP address is the same for each host on the network, but the host part must be different for each host.
• 🤔 The role of the subnet mask is to determine which portion of the 32-bit IP address is the network part and which is the host part.
• 📑 The subnet mask is a 32-bit number, represented in dotted decimal format, and it helps computers identify the network and host portions of an IP address.
• 👀 The ones in the subnet mask represent the network portion, and the zeros represent the host portion.
• 💡 The subnet mask does not contain the network or host portion itself but indicates where to find these portions in an IP address.
• 📚 An example is given to illustrate how to determine the network and host addresses using a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (slash 24).
• 📈 The network address in the example is 192.168.123.0, and the host address is 132, demonstrating the application of the subnet mask.
• 🔜 The next session will discuss IPv4 address classes, indicating a continuation of the series.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the CCNA series session?

The main topic discussed in the session is IPv4 addressing, including the network and host portions, as well as the role of subnet masks.

Why is a unique network number important for each network running TCP?

A unique network number is important because it identifies the network and ensures that each network running TCP/IP can be distinguished from others.

How are the bytes of an IP address divided?

The bytes of an IP address are divided into two parts: the network part, which specifies the unique number assigned to the network, and the host part, which uniquely identifies each machine on the network.

What is the purpose of the network part of an IP address?

The network part of an IP address specifies the unique number assigned to the network and identifies the class of the network.

What does the host part of an IP address represent?

The host part of an IP address represents the portion that uniquely identifies each machine on the network.

How does a subnet mask help in determining the network and host portions of an IP address?

A subnet mask helps by indicating which bits of the IP address are used for the network and which for the host. The ones in the subnet mask represent the network portion, and the zeros represent the host portion.

What is the significance of the subnet mask in a TCP/IP network?

The subnet mask is significant because it tells computers which parts of the IP address to look for as the network and host addresses, allowing for proper routing and addressing within the network.

What is the subnet mask for a /24 network in dotted decimal format?

The subnet mask for a /24 network is 255.255.255.0 in dotted decimal format.

How can you determine the network address and host address from an IP address and its subnet mask?

By aligning the IP address and the subnet mask and comparing them bit by bit, the network address is identified by the bits represented by the ones in the subnet mask, and the host address is identified by the bits represented by the zeros.

In the example given, what is the network address and host address for the IP 192.168.123.132 with a /24 subnet mask?

For the IP 192.168.123.132 with a /24 subnet mask, the network address is 192.168.123.0 and the host address is 132.

What will be discussed in the next session of the CCNA series?

In the next session, the speaker will discuss IPv4 address classes.

Outlines

00:00

🌐 Understanding IPv4 Addressing and Subnet Masks

This paragraph introduces the fundamental concepts of IPv4 addressing, emphasizing the importance of unique network numbers and IP addresses for each machine within a TCP network. It explains the division of IP addresses into network and host portions, which are crucial for network identification and host differentiation. The role of the subnet mask is highlighted as a tool to delineate the network and host parts of an IP address. The paragraph also provides an example using the IP address 192.168.123.132 with a /24 subnet mask, demonstrating how to determine the network and host addresses in both binary and decimal formats.

Keywords

💡IPv4 Address

IPv4 Address refers to the Internet Protocol version 4 address, which is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses IPv4 for communication. It is a 32-bit number used to identify devices on a network. In the video, the script discusses how IPv4 addresses are divided into network and host portions, which is crucial for understanding network configuration and routing.

💡Network Part

The network part of an IP address is the portion that specifies the unique number assigned to a network. It is used to identify the network to which a device belongs. In the script, it is mentioned that the network part is crucial for routing and must be the same for all hosts within a network, while the host part must be unique.

💡Host Part

The host part of an IP address is the section that uniquely identifies a device within a network. It is used to differentiate devices on the same network. The script explains that while the network part remains the same for all hosts on a network, the host part must be different for each device.

💡Subnet Mask

A subnet mask is a 32-bit number used to divide an IP address into network and host portions. It helps in identifying which part of the IP address is used for the network and which for the host. The script provides an example of a subnet mask (255.255.255.0) and explains how it is used to determine the network and host portions of an IP address.

💡Class of Network

The class of a network refers to the categorization of IP addresses based on their first octet. It was initially used to determine the size of the network and the number of hosts it can support. Although the script does not delve deeply into this, it mentions that the network part can identify the class of the network.

💡TCP/IP

TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, which is the foundational communication protocol for the internet. The script mentions that each network running TCP/IP must have a unique network number, highlighting the importance of IP addresses in network communication.

💡Unique IP Address

Every machine on a network must have a unique IP address to ensure proper communication and routing. The script emphasizes the necessity of unique IP addresses for each device on a network, which is essential for network functionality.

💡Binary Format

Binary format refers to the representation of data in a system of numerical notation using only two symbols, typically 0 and 1. In the script, binary format is used to illustrate how the subnet mask and IP address are compared bit by bit to determine the network and host portions.

💡Network Address

The network address is the portion of an IP address that identifies the network to which a device belongs. The script uses the example of an IP address 192.168.123.132 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 to demonstrate that the first three octets (192.168.123) form the network address.

💡Host Address

The host address is the portion of an IP address that uniquely identifies a device within a network. The script explains that with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, the last octet (132) of the IP address 192.168.123.132 is the host address.

💡Dotted Decimal Format

Dotted decimal format is a way of representing IP addresses and subnet masks using periods to separate each octet. The script mentions that both IP addresses and subnet masks are represented in this format for ease of use and understanding.

Highlights

Introduction to CCNA series discussing IPv4 address, network, and host portion.

Explanation of subnet mask and its role in differentiating network and host portions of an IP address.

IP addresses are divided into network and host parts, with the network part specifying the unique number assigned to a network.

Each machine on a network must have a unique IP address, with the same network part but different host part.

Subnet mask is a 32-bit number that indicates which part of the IP address is the network and which is the host.

Subnet mask is compared bit by bit with the IP address to determine the network and host portions.

Example given to illustrate how to determine the network and host address using a subnet mask.

Conversion of subnet mask to binary format to identify the network and host portions.

Network address and host address are separated by aligning the IP address with the subnet mask.

Binary format of network and host addresses are explained using the example of IP address 192.168.123.132 with a /24 subnet mask.

Conversion of binary network and host addresses to decimal format.

Network address in decimal format is 192.168.123.0 for the given example.

Host address in decimal format is 132 for the given example.

Importance of understanding network and host portions for proper IP address configuration.

Upcoming session on IP address classes announced.

Closing remarks with a request for likes, shares, and subscriptions.

Transcripts

hello everyone in today's session of

ccna series i'll discuss about

ipv4 address network

and host portion also we'll discuss

about

subnet mask

each network running tcp must have a

unique network number

and every machine on it must have a

unique ip address

the bytes of ip addresses are further

classified into two parts

the network part

and the host part the network part

specifies the unique number

assigned to your network it also

identifies

the class of the network assigned

hostpart is a part of the ip address

that you assign to each host

it uniquely identifies this machine on

your network

note that for each host on your network

the network part of the address

will be same but the host part must be

different

but how do host know which portion of

32-bit is network and which

is host that is the job of the

subnet mask in tcp the parts of the ip

address that are used as the network and

host addresses are not fixed

so the network and the host addresses

above cannot be determined unless

you have more information this

information is supplied in another

32-bit number

called a subnet mask when an ip host is

configured

a subnet mask is assigned along with an

ip address

similar to ipv4 address the subnet mask

is represented in

dotted decimal format for ease of use

like the ip address subnet mask is

32 bits long the subnet mask

signifies which part of the ip address

is network

and which part is host the subnet mask

is compared to the iep address from

left to right bit by bit the ones in the

subnet mask represent the network

portion and the zeros represent

the host portion

note that the subnet mask does not

actually contain the network or host

portion as an ip address it just tells

the computers where to look for these

portions in a given ipv4 address

let's take an example to determine the

network address and the host address

of below ib 192.168.123.132

in this example the subnet mask is slash

24 or you can call it as

255 to 55-55.0

so the subnet mask if you convert in

binary will be

24 zeros sorry 24

ones and eight zeros

lining up the ip address and the subnet

mask together

the network and the host portion of the

address can be separated

the first 24 bits the number of the ones

in the net mask are identified as the

network address

with the last eight bits the number of

remaining zeros in the subnet mask

identified as the

host address this gives you the

following

network address in binary format

and the network address in decimal

format will be 192 168 123.0

and the host address in binary format

will be

which if we convert to decimal we will

have an host address as

132. so now you know for this

from this example slash 24 subnet mask

and the network id is 192

168 123.0 and the host address is

132. that's it for this session in my

next session i'll discuss about

ib address classes thank you for

watching please do like

share and subscribe thank you