IP ADRESSEN einfach erklärt (IPv4 vs IPv6)

Summary

The video script discusses the evolution of IP addresses in networking, focusing on the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. IPv4, consisting of four blocks of 8 bits each, can support 4.29 billion addresses but is insufficient due to the rapid growth of internet-connected devices. IPv6 expands to 128 bits, offering an almost unimaginable number of addresses, enough to assign a unique IP to every grain of rice on Earth. The script also explains the hexadecimal system used in IPv6 and the concept of subnetting, which divides IP addresses into network and host parts, simplifying the identification of devices within a network.

Takeaways

• 🌐 The video discusses the importance of IP addresses in networks for identification purposes.
• 📡 There are two main versions of IP addresses: IPv4 and IPv6, with IPv4 being the older version.
• 🔢 IPv4 addresses consist of four blocks, each block is 8 bits, totaling 32 bits, allowing for 2^32 or approximately 4.29 billion unique addresses.
• 💥 The demand for IP addresses has grown significantly, outpacing the supply of IPv4 addresses due to the proliferation of internet-capable devices.
• 🆕 IPv6 was developed to address the shortage of IPv4 addresses by expanding the address space from 32 bits to 128 bits, resulting in an almost unimaginable number of possible addresses.
• 🌟 IPv6 can theoretically provide an IP address for every grain of rice on Earth, highlighting the vastness of its address space.
• 🔄 The transition from IPv4 to IPv6 is not immediate but is being implemented gradually in the vast network of computers.
• 🏠 IP addresses are divided into network and host parts, similar to how a phone number has an area code and a local number.
• 🛠 A subnet mask is used to differentiate between the network and host parts of an IP address, typically using the numbers 255 or 0.
• 📚 The script provides an educational overview of the evolution of IP addressing from IPv4 to IPv6 and the technicalities involved in their implementation.

Q & A

What are the two different versions of IP addresses mentioned in the script?

The two different versions of IP addresses mentioned are IPv4 and IPv6.

How is an IPv4 address structured?

An IPv4 address is structured into four blocks, with each block consisting of 8 bits, making a total of 32 bits.

What is the maximum number of unique numbers that can be stored in one block of an IPv4 address?

One block of an IPv4 address can store 256 unique numbers, ranging from 0 to 255.

How many unique addresses are possible with a 32-bit IPv4 address?

With 32 bits, an IPv4 address can have 4,294,967,296 (2^32) unique addresses.

Why is the number of IPv4 addresses not sufficient for current needs?

The number of IPv4 addresses is insufficient due to the rapid increase in the number of devices that require internet connectivity, such as PCs, smartphones, tablets, smart TVs, and gaming consoles.

What is the main difference between IPv4 and IPv6 in terms of address size?

IPv6 expanded the 32 bits of IPv4 to a total of 128 bits, resulting in a much larger address space.

How is the number of possible addresses with IPv6 described in the script?

The number of possible addresses with IPv6 is so vast that it is described as being able to assign an IP address to every grain of rice on Earth.

What is the significance of the change from decimal to hexadecimal in IPv6 addresses?

The change to the hexadecimal system in IPv6 addresses further expands the possibilities and simplifies the representation of the large number of addresses.

How is the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 being implemented?

The transition from IPv4 to IPv6 is not happening all at once but is being implemented gradually in the vast interconnected network of computers.

What is a subnet and why is it used?

A subnet is a subdivision of a network, and it is used to organize networks into smaller, more manageable parts, allowing for easier identification and management of devices within a network.

What is a network mask and how is it used?

A network mask is used to differentiate between the network and host parts of an IP address. It typically uses the numbers 255 or 0 to indicate which parts of the IP address belong to the network and which to the host.