Types of Quantitative Research Designs~GM Lectures

GM Lectures
14 Aug 202014:32

Summary

TLDRThis script explores various quantitative research designs, distinguishing between experimental and non-experimental types. It delves into true and quasi-experimental research, emphasizing causality and variable manipulation, and contrasts these with descriptive, survey, and correlational research. The discussion also covers cross-sectional and longitudinal research, highlighting their time dimensions. The importance of selecting the appropriate research design based on objectives is underscored.

Takeaways

  • πŸ”¬ Quantitative research is divided into experimental and non-experimental designs, each with its own subcategories and purposes.
  • 🧐 True experimental research aims to determine causal relationships and is considered the most accurate type of experimental design, involving control and test groups, variable manipulation, and random selection of participants.
  • 🎡 An example of true experimental research is the study of the effect of classical music on students' academic performance, highlighting the use of intervention and variable manipulation.
  • πŸ“š Quasi-experimental research is similar to true experimental research but differs in that participants are not randomly assigned and always involves pre- and post-tests.
  • πŸ“ˆ Survey research is a non-experimental design used to gather evidence on people's knowledge, opinions, attitudes, and values, without controlling or manipulating variables.
  • πŸ€” Correlational research seeks to interpret the degree of relationship between variables without determining cause and effect, using statistical data without intervention.
  • πŸ•’ Cross-sectional research involves data collection at a single point in time, comparing variables of interest across different groups.
  • πŸ“‰ Longitudinal research collects data at multiple points in time to compare changes within the same subjects or variables.
  • ⏳ Longitudinal studies can take a long time to complete, unlike cross-sectional studies which are relatively quicker.
  • πŸ“Š Both experimental and non-experimental research designs involve numeric data and statistics, but experimental designs manipulate variables and include interventions, while non-experimental designs do not.
  • πŸ”‘ Understanding the different types of quantitative research designs is crucial for researchers to select the most appropriate design based on their research objectives.

Q & A

  • What is the main purpose of quantitative research?

    -Quantitative research aims to provide an overview and determine causal relationships among variables using numerical data and statistical analysis.

  • What are the two major types of quantitative research designs mentioned in the script?

    -The two major types of quantitative research designs are experimental research and descriptive non-experimental research.

  • What are the characteristics of true experimental research design?

    -True experimental research design aims to determine causal relationships, relies on statistical analysis, involves variable manipulation, random selection of participants, and always includes a control group and a test group in a controlled setting with intervention.

  • Can you provide an example of true experimental research from the script?

    -An example of true experimental research is a study determining the effect of classical music on students' academic performance, with a control group having no music and an experimental group with classical music intervention.

  • How does quasi-experimental research differ from true experimental research?

    -Quasi-experimental research differs from true experimental research in that participants are not randomly assigned, and it involves pretests and posttests, but it does not necessarily have a control group.

  • What is the purpose of survey research in non-experimental designs?

    -Survey research aims to gather evidence on people's knowledge, opinions, attitudes, and values on various issues and concerns using questionnaires, interviews, and surveys.

  • How does correlational research differ from experimental research in terms of variable manipulation and intervention?

    -In correlational research, variables are not controlled or manipulated, and no intervention is applied, unlike experimental research where variables are manipulated and interventions are present.

  • What is the main focus of cross-sectional research?

    -Cross-sectional research focuses on gathering data at a single point in time and making comparisons across variables of interest.

  • How does longitudinal research differ from cross-sectional research in terms of data collection?

    -Longitudinal research collects data at multiple points in time, allowing for comparisons of the same variable and subjects over time, unlike cross-sectional research which collects data at a single point in time.

  • What are the key similarities and differences between experimental and non-experimental research designs?

    -Both experimental and non-experimental research designs involve numeric data and statistics. The key difference is that experimental research involves manipulation of variables and intervention, while non-experimental research does not.

  • Why is it important for researchers to understand different quantitative research designs?

    -Understanding different quantitative research designs is important for researchers to determine the best research design to use depending on their research objectives.

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Related Tags
Quantitative ResearchExperimental DesignNon-ExperimentalTrue ExperimentalQuasi-ExperimentalSurvey ResearchCorrelational ResearchCross-SectionalLongitudinalResearch Methods