Research Design: Choosing a Type of Research Design | Scribbr πŸŽ“

Scribbr
16 Apr 202105:20

Summary

TLDRThis video script outlines the process of selecting a research design, distinguishing between qualitative and quantitative approaches. It explains that quantitative designs, including descriptive, correlational, experimental, and quasi-experimental, are used to measure variables and test cause-and-effect relationships. Qualitative designs, such as case studies and ethnographies, aim for a deep understanding of specific contexts or phenomena, offering flexibility and creativity. The script also touches on other qualitative methods like phenomenological, narrative, and grounded theory research.

Takeaways

  • πŸ” The decision between qualitative and quantitative research is the first step in determining the shape of your study.
  • πŸ“Š Quantitative research is divided into descriptive, correlational, experimental, and quasi-experimental designs, each with its own purpose and method.
  • πŸ“š Descriptive designs focus on measuring variables without influencing them, while correlational designs examine relationships between variables.
  • πŸ”— Correlational designs can reveal associations, such as between online teaching and test scores, but do not establish causation.
  • πŸ§ͺ Experimental designs manipulate an independent variable to measure the effect on a dependent variable, providing strong evidence of cause-and-effect.
  • 🎲 Random assignment in experiments helps control for extraneous variables, but may not always reflect real-world conditions.
  • 🏫 Quasi-experimental designs compare outcomes between pre-existing groups that differ on an independent variable, offering alternatives when random assignment is not feasible.
  • 🌟 Qualitative research is less rigid, aiming for a rich understanding of specific contexts or phenomena through flexible and creative designs.
  • πŸ“– Case study designs involve in-depth examination of a subject, allowing for detailed data collection and potential comparisons.
  • 🌐 Ethnographic designs immerse the researcher in a social group to understand its culture, beliefs, and social dynamics.
  • πŸ“ Other qualitative approaches include phenomenological, narrative, and grounded theory research, each with unique methods of data interpretation.

Q & A

  • What are the two main types of quantitative research designs mentioned in the script?

    -The two main types of quantitative research designs are descriptive and correlational designs, and experimental and quasi-experimental designs.

  • What is the primary goal of descriptive and correlational designs?

    -Descriptive and correlational designs aim to measure variables and understand the relationships between them without influencing them.

  • What is the difference between a descriptive design and a correlational design?

    -A descriptive design focuses on systematically measuring variables, while a correlational design tests whether variables are related to each other.

  • Can you give an example of how a correlational design might be used?

    -A correlational design could be used to find out if the rise in online teaching in the past year correlates with any change in test scores.

  • What is the main limitation of descriptive and correlational designs when it comes to establishing cause-and-effect relationships?

    -The main limitation is that other factors may influence the results, making it hard to draw conclusions about cause and effect.

  • How does an experimental design differ from a descriptive or correlational design?

    -An experimental design involves manipulating an independent variable and measuring the outcome of a dependent variable while controlling other factors.

  • What is the independent variable and dependent variable in the example of testing a new online teaching method?

    -The independent variable is the teaching method, and the dependent variable is the test score.

  • Why are experiments considered the strongest way to test cause-and-effect relationships?

    -Experiments are the strongest way because they control for other variables, reducing the risk of external influences on the results.

  • What is a quasi-experimental design and when might it be used?

    -A quasi-experimental design is used when it isn't possible to randomly assign subjects into groups, and it involves comparing the outcomes of pre-existing groups that differ on an independent variable.

  • What are the two common types of qualitative research designs mentioned in the script?

    -The two common types of qualitative research designs mentioned are case studies and ethnographies.

  • How does a case study design differ from an ethnographic design?

    -A case study design involves choosing a specific subject and gathering detailed data on it, while an ethnographic design involves immersing oneself in a social group or organization to understand its culture.

  • What is the aim of an ethnographic study in the context of the script?

    -The aim of an ethnographic study is to give a rich, full account of the beliefs, habits, and social dynamics of the chosen group.

  • What are some other types of qualitative research designs mentioned in the script?

    -Other types of qualitative research designs mentioned include phenomenological research, narrative research, and grounded theory.

  • What is the purpose of phenomenological research?

    -Phenomenological research aims to understand a phenomenon or event by describing participants’ lived experiences.

  • How does narrative research differ from other qualitative research designs?

    -Narrative research examines how stories are told to understand how people perceive and make sense of their experiences.

  • What is the approach of grounded theory in qualitative research?

    -Grounded theory takes a more systematic approach, using qualitative data to develop new theories and hypotheses.

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Related Tags
Research DesignQualitativeQuantitativeDescriptiveCorrelationalExperimentalQuasi-ExperimentalCase StudyEthnographyAcademicMethodology