Stop Didikte Negara. Latih Pola Pikirmu Sendiri! | Chronicles #1 dengan Bagus Muljadi
Summary
TLDRThe video script discusses the challenges of Indonesia's democracy, where a discord between academics and the general public exists. It emphasizes the importance of good leadership in bridging this gap and the role of universities in fostering democracy. The script also highlights the dangers of misinformation spread by social media and the need for a well-informed public to make educated decisions. It concludes by advocating for the liberal arts as a means to equip citizens with the critical thinking necessary for a functioning democracy.
Takeaways
- π³οΈ Indonesia has recently concluded a democratic celebration, highlighting a new wave of academic voices that may not align with the general public's views.
- π The new leader is tasked with integrating academic perspectives into the national discourse over the next five years.
- π A significant portion of the population relies on social media for information, which can influence decision-making, despite research showing misinformation spreads faster than facts.
- π‘ The current algorithm-driven social media landscape prioritizes profit over the dissemination of factual knowledge, leading to a polarization of society.
- π€ There is a growing intellectual dissonance in society, with a tendency to form opinions easily and dismiss academic theories, which is seen as a symptom of intellectual decline.
- π The future of Indonesia could be increasingly influenced by information technology and AI companies if the intellectual disease is not addressed.
- π¬π§ Winston Churchill's quote on democracy underscores its imperfections but highlights its superiority over other forms of governance.
- π The Tostrus era is characterized by a diminished influence of objective facts on public opinion, with emotions and sensations taking precedence.
- π The importance of a strong educational system in supporting democracy is emphasized, with liberal arts playing a crucial role in nurturing critical thinking and informed decision-making.
- π Universities are the cradle of democracy, where students learn to take responsibility for their beliefs and understand the difference between opinion, belief, and knowledge.
- π¬ Academics and research are fundamental to policy-making in large countries, and their freedom to speak out during crises must be protected to ensure national prosperity.
- π§ Epistemology, the theory of knowledge, is essential in distinguishing between scientific and pseudoscientific statements, with falsifiability being a key criterion.
Q & A
What is the main challenge the new leader of Indonesia must face according to the transcript?
-The new leader must aggregate the voices of academics and restore the fragments of a polarized society, ensuring good leadership that harmonizes with the general public's views.
How does the transcript suggest that social media influences people's choices?
-A third of people admit that information they get through social media becomes a reference in making choices or even changing their choices, although it's noted that lies spread faster than facts on social media.
What research did MIT conduct in 2018 regarding the spread of information on social media?
-MIT's research found that on social media, lies spread six times faster than facts, indicating the power of algorithms designed to maximize profits over the dissemination of accurate information.
What is the term 'Tostrus' referring to in the context of the script?
-Tostrus refers to an era where objective facts have far less influence in shaping public opinion and beliefs than emotions and sensations.
How does the transcript describe the relationship between democracy and the educational system?
-Democracy is only as effective as the educational system that supports it. People must be taught the difference between opinion, belief, and knowledge in making decisions.
What role does the Liberal Arts Faculty play according to the script?
-The Liberal Arts Faculty, which includes natural sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities, is considered the soul of the university and a crucial part of nurturing and perfecting democracy.
What is the importance of teaching students about meritocracy and integrity in universities?
-Teaching students about meritocracy and integrity within universities is important as these qualities support a useful national life and are part of the spirit that sustains the nation.
How does the transcript define 'knowledge' in the context of epistemology?
-In epistemology, knowledge is defined as a belief that can be justified, which can be obtained inductively through data collection and analysis or deductively through logical inference.
What is the difference between deductive and inductive reasoning as described in the script?
-Deductive reasoning draws conclusions based on premises, while inductive reasoning finds general conclusions through the analysis of a limited sample. Deductive conclusions are binding if the premises are true, whereas inductive conclusions are only probable.
How can one distinguish between scientific and pseudoscientific statements according to the script?
-One can distinguish by testing the falsifiability of the statement. Scientific statements can always be proven wrong, whereas pseudoscientific statements cannot be proven false and therefore cannot be proven true.
What historical example is given in the script about the emergence of alternative intellectual gatherings?
-The script mentions the emergence of 'impromptu universities' or 'Penny Universities' in coffee shops in Western Europe, which became forerunners of salons and contributed to the intellectual seeds of the French Revolution.
Outlines
π³οΈ Democracy and the Role of Academia in Indonesia
The first paragraph discusses the challenges faced by Indonesia's new leader in reconciling the discordant voices of academics and the general public. It highlights the influence of social media, where misinformation spreads faster than facts, driven by profit-maximizing algorithms. The script emphasizes the need for good leadership to mend societal divisions and the dangers of intellectual diseases that could lead to the control of society by a few tech giants. It also references Winston Churchill's views on democracy, the importance of facts in public opinion, and the potential downfall of democracy if it is based on emotions and sensations rather than knowledge.
π The
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Democratic Celebration
π‘Academic Voices
π‘Polarized Society
π‘Social Media
π‘Algorithm
π‘Intellectual Disease
π‘Populist Leaders
π‘Liberal Arts
π‘Epistemology
π‘Deductive and Inductive Reasoning
π‘Pseudoscience
π‘Meritocracy
π‘Impromptu Universities
Highlights
Indonesia has just finished its democratic celebration, seeing for the first time in 25 years a wave of voices from academics that differ from the general public.
The new leader must aggregate the voices of academics in the next 5 years to restore the fragments of a polarized society.
A third of people admit that social media influences their decision-making, but research shows lies spread six times faster than facts on these platforms.
The addictive nature of social media is driven by algorithms designed to maximize profits, sidelining facts and knowledge.
There is a growing dissonance in society, with antagonism towards universities and the cheapness of forming opinions being symptoms of an intellectual disease.
If not addressed, Indonesia's future will be controlled by information technology and AI companies.
Winston Churchill once said democracy is the worst system of government except for all the others that have been tried.
Churchill experienced the bitterness of democracy when he was defeated in the British election of 1945 despite leading Britain to victory in WWII.
Democracy is a long journey, not a system that comes from the sky, requiring continuous nurturing and education.
The rise of populist leaders elected through gimmicks and fear campaigns is a symptom of a flawed democratic system.
Effective democracy requires an educated electorate who understand the principles of economics and the value of informed decision-making.
Liberal arts education, encompassing natural sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities, is essential for nurturing democratic principles.
Universities should teach students to take responsibility for their beliefs, distinguishing between opinion, belief, and knowledge.
Scientific methods rely heavily on inductive reasoning to test hypotheses, distinguishing between scientific and pseudoscientific statements.
The role of universities as battlefields of revolutionary ideas is crucial, and their decline could lead to the rise of alternative intellectual hubs.
Chronicles aims to be a modern salon, celebrating new ideas through dialogue with thinkers from various disciplines, empowering listeners to verify news and find new narratives for the nation's future.
Transcripts
Indonesia has just
finished
its democratic celebration,
and we see for
the first time in the
last 25 years,
a wave
of voices from
academics that at first glance
is not in harmony
with the voices of the
general public.
The new leader must
aggregate the voices of
academics in the
next 5 years.
Agree or not,
like it or not,
good leadership
must restore
the fragments of
a polarized society
.
A third of
people admit that
the information they
get through
social media becomes
a reference in making
choices,
or even changing
their choices.
However, in 2018,
MIT conducted research
which found that on
social media
lies spread 6
times faster
than facts.
The addictive sensation is
driven by an algorithm
created to
maximize
profits.
Facts and knowledge
are ostracized because they don't
sell.
Dissonance that occurs
among society,
allergies to theory and
antagonism towards
universities.
As well as the cheapness and ease with which
opinions are formed,
these are symptoms of
an intellectual disease
that must be treated.
Otherwise,
Indonesia's future
will be in the hands
of a handful of information
technology
and AI companies.
Thank You.
Winston Churchill,
British Prime Minister
once said,
democracy is the worst
system of government
,
but it is still better
than other systems that
have been and will be tried.
If you want to know
the best arguments for
overthrowing democracy,
you just have to chat
for 5 minutes with
an average voter
.
Churchill himself experienced
the bitterness of
democracy,
after being soundly defeated
in the British election in
1945.
It was only 2 years since
he led Britain
to defeat Hitler.
However, Churchill said
that democracy is
insurance,
insurance to reduce
autocratic regimes and
oppression from the
ruling elite.
Democracy is
a long journey,
not a system that comes
from the sky.
Tostrus is a
popular anecdote that
refers to an
era where
objective facts had
far less influence
in shaping
public
opinion and beliefs
than emotions and sensations.
When the gimmicks of jokes
and fear are more
fundamental to our actions
than
knowledge,
then sooner or later
democracy will
lose its function.
The rise of
populist leaders who are
elected through
joke gimmicks and
fear campaigns is a symptom of
Arabostrus.
In a
crooked democratic system,
there will be incentives to
fool the people so that
power continues to be maintained.
We should see
whether around
us wisdom is greater
than jokes. Are
our young people
still able
to dress politely or
can they only joke around?
Can they
put together
the right
words to describe emotions or
do they just rely on
emojis?
If the people do not
understand the basic
principles of economics,
then there will be elections
vain.
Whoever promises
subsidies and
free commodities will always
be chosen.
However, if people
understand at least a little
about what
money actually is,
where it comes from and
how it has
value,
then they will be interested in
hearing the concepts of
the candidate they will
elect.
More than nonsense things
like the way
he talks or
his haircut.
Choosing is science,
not random intuition
. And like
other sciences
,
the correct way to choose
needs to be taught
systematically to every
citizen.
Democracy is only as
effective as the
educational system that
supports it.
People must be taught
the difference between opinion,
belief and
knowledge in
making decisions.
That is the aim of forming
the Liberal Arts Faculty.
The liberal arts faculty has existed
since antiquity,
and does not mean it only
teaches fine arts,
but includes
natural sciences, social sciences, arts
and humanities.
Liberal arts is the soul
of the university.
Universities are
the support and
microcosm of
democracy itself,
which is shaped according
to the image of the nation.
The government
structure is also
a reflection of
the nation's government.
Universities are
places where democracy
is nurtured and
perfected.
In universities,
students should be
taught how to
take responsibility for
their own beliefs.
Belief that can be
justified
is knowledge.
Knowledge is accessed
by memory, perception,
and reasoning.
A priori knowledge
such as logic and
moral principles
is studied in
the arts, philosophy
and humanities faculties.
Meanwhile, empirical knowledge
.
or knowledge of
everything that can
be sensed,
is taught at
the Faculty of Natural and
Derivative Sciences.
Within the
university,
students are taught
about meritocracy.
Hierarchy based on
academic performance.
Academics are taught
about integrity through
extensive practice
. These
qualities
are the spirit
that supports useful
national life
.
Academics must remain
loud and
expertise must be
an integral part of
prosperity.
In large countries,
research and academics
are always
the basis of policy.
Or at least there is
an incentive to
integrate.
Academics must speak out
when a crisis occurs,
provide answers to
people who ask questions
and their freedom must be
100% protected.
Epistemology is
a theory of
knowledge.
Knowledge is
a belief that can
be justified.
Beliefs about what
will happen in
the future.
For example,
it can be held accountable
if the law.
The facts or evidence that
can be used to
predict the future
are also the facts
or evidence that
underlie the belief
itself.
Facts or evidence that
can be used to
predict the future
can be obtained
inductively.
For example, through
collecting data,
analyzing it in
the laboratory,
or deductive through
syllogisms,
through the laws of inference
based on logic.
Deductive reasoning or
deductive reasoning
is a way to
draw conclusions
through inference
based on premises
.
For example,
if the people elect
their own leaders then
the political system
is democratic.
If the political system
is democratic,
then the people will
prosper.
In conclusion,
if people
have their
own dreams,
then the people will
prosper.
That's an example of didactive
argument, so reasoning.
As long as the premises are true,
the conclusion will be
binding, will be true,
regardless of whether you like it or
not.
So, if the reality on
the ground is different from
the conclusion,
then one or
even both of
the premises is flawed.
Inductive reasoning or
inductive reasoning,
tries to find
general conclusions through
analysis of a
limited sample.
For example,
out of 100 people
who smoke,
80 people have
cancer.
Then out of 100 people who
don't smoke,
only 10 people
get cancer.
So in conclusion,
smoking is
at least one of
the causes of cancer.
So the conclusions resulting from
inductive reasoning
are not binding. Only possible,
or more probable.
The scientific method
relies heavily on
inductive methods to
test hypotheses.
How then
can one
distinguish between
scientific statements
and
pseudoscientific statements?
One
deductive method that can be
used is to
test the falsifiability
of the statement
or its falsity.
Scientific statements
can always be proven
wrong.
The way to do this is
if the force of attraction
between two objects that
have a mass is not
proportional to the mass
of the two objects,
then divide it by
the quadratic distance.
So
Newton's law of gravity is wrong and
can be proven wrong.
We can
thus test the statements
of
shamans, for example.
If you install the implant
and really
believe in your heart,
then you will find
your soul mate next week.
If your soul mate
doesn't come
next week and you
've had the implant implanted,
it means you don't
really believe in it
.
Such statements
cannot be proven
false and therefore
cannot
be proven true.
Even if your soul mate
comes next week,
then that is an
ad hoc
or random situation.
If universities
can no longer carry out
their function as battlefields
and
distributors of revolutionary sentiment
and ideas
,
then alternatives will
naturally
form.
At the beginning of the modern century in
France, for example, due to the exclusion of
marginal and non
-aristocratic groups
from the world
of higher education,
impromptu universities
or Penny
Universities began
to appear in
coffee shops in
Western Europe.
An antibody reaction
against the poison
of deception.
As a result,
these impromptu universities
became the forerunners of what
was called a salon,
a gathering event
that
connected artists,
scientists
and public intellectuals.
The Age of Conversation
was born,
and with it the
intellectual seeds
of the French revolution.
This channel tries to
be a modern salon.
Chronicles will celebrate
new ideas through
dialogue with thinkers
from various disciplines.
The aim is to
equip listeners
with methods to
verify the truth of
news on social media,
to find
new narratives about the meaning,
values
ββand goals of the nation in the
future.
A strong people are
people who are free
to think.
You have the right to
think.
Thank you for
watching.
Browse More Related Video
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)