Bakal Banyak Pengangguran di Indonesia?

Summary

The video script addresses the rising unemployment rate among Generation Z in Indonesia, with 9.9 million currently jobless. It delves into the root causes, including the country's premature deindustrialization, inadequate education system, and the mismatch between job market demands and the skills of Gen Z. The speaker highlights the importance of embracing tertiary education and digital skills to bridge the gap and prevent a bleak future for the youth, urging them to adapt and prepare for the high-skill labor market to achieve Indonesia's vision of prosperity by 2045.

Takeaways

• 📉 The job market for Gen Z in Indonesia is challenging, with 9.9 million currently unemployed due to various factors including a lack of specific education or training.
• 🔍 Upon deeper research, the unemployment issue is more complex than initially thought and could potentially hinder Indonesia's progress towards becoming a developed nation by 2045.
• 🏭 Indonesia has experienced premature deindustrialization, skipping the manufacturing phase which has led to a lack of diverse production capabilities and reliance on imports.
• 🌾 Historically, developing countries progress through agriculture, manufacturing, and then to the service sector, but Indonesia's rapid shift to the service sector has left a skill gap.
• 💼 The formal job sector in Indonesia has been shrinking, and the current economic growth does not create jobs at the rate needed to absorb the workforce.
• 🧠 There is a significant need for high-skill labor due to digitalization and globalization, which the majority of the population in Indonesia has not been able to meet.
• 🏫 Access to higher education in Indonesia is limited, with only 10% of the population having access, compared to much higher rates in neighboring countries.
• 📈 Investment in education has a significant return, but Indonesia's return on education is relatively low at around 5%, indicating inefficiencies in the education system.
• 🕊️ Despite the challenges, some Gen Z individuals in Indonesia can thrive in the informal sector, which includes creative and entertainment industries.
• 👥 Traits of Gen Z, such as a preference for part-time work and a focus on mental health, can make them less appealing to employers who prefer traditional full-time commitments.
• 🌟 The script emphasizes the importance of embracing higher education and adapting to the demands of a high-skill labor market for Gen Z to secure a better future and contribute to Indonesia's development.

Q & A

What is the current unemployment rate among Gen Z in Indonesia according to the script?

The script mentions that 9.9 million Gen Z individuals are currently unemployed in Indonesia.

Why does the speaker believe that the unemployment issue among Gen Z could hinder Indonesia's progress towards becoming an 'Indonesia Emas 2045'?

The speaker suggests that the unemployment issue among Gen Z is a significant problem that could impede Indonesia's development goals due to the large number of young people not being absorbed into the workforce or education/training.

What is the speaker's view on the role of higher education in addressing the unemployment issue among Gen Z?

The speaker believes that higher education is still relevant and necessary to meet the demand for high-skill labor in the job market, despite the Secretary of Education's statement that it is optional.

What does the script suggest about the state of the manufacturing sector in Indonesia?

The script indicates that Indonesia has experienced premature deindustrialization, skipping the manufacturing phase, which has led to a lack of diverse production capabilities and reliance on imports.

How does the speaker describe the progression of a country's economic development through different sectors?

The speaker describes a typical progression from agriculture to manufacturing and then to the service sector, with each stage requiring different skill levels and contributing to the overall productivity and value chain of the country.

What is the term used in the script to describe the phenomenon where a country's manufacturing phase is prematurely ended?

The term used is 'premature deindustrialization'.

What is the speaker's view on the importance of embracing tertiary education for Gen Z to become high-skill labor?

The speaker believes that embracing tertiary education is crucial for Gen Z to transform into high-skill labor, which is essential for the future workforce and for achieving the goal of 'Indonesia Emas 2045'.

What challenges does the script identify with the Gen Z workforce in terms of their preferences and attitudes towards work?

The script identifies that Gen Z tends to prefer part-time and freelance work over full-time employment, valuing freedom and personal preferences, which may not align with the demands and expectations of the formal job market.

How does the script address the issue of digital skills among the Indonesian population?

The script points out that digital skills in Indonesia are currently low, with only half of the population possessing basic digital skills and less than 1% having advanced skills, which is a concern given the increasing demand for such skills in the job market.

What is the speaker's advice for Gen Z in Indonesia regarding their approach to the job market and future?

The speaker advises Gen Z to be aware of the current situation, to seriously consider the need for high-skill education, and to actively pursue the gap in the workforce to ensure a clearer future and contribute to the development of Indonesia.

Outlines

00:00

📉 Economic Challenges and Gen Z Unemployment

The script addresses the increasing difficulty of finding employment, especially for Generation Z, with nearly 9.9 million currently unemployed. The unemployment stems from a lack of jobs, education, or specific training. The speaker initially attributes this to the youth of Gen Z and the time needed for their integration into the workforce. However, upon deeper research, the problem is revealed to be more complex. The script suggests that this issue could hinder the progress towards a prosperous Indonesia by 2045. The fear of an uncertain future for many is palpable, with surveys predicting a decrease in job availability in the coming months. Statements from the Secretary of Education suggest tertiary education is optional, not mandatory, and many companies are freezing hiring due to fears of future layoffs. Additionally, surveys indicate that 40% of employers are reluctant to hire Gen Z due to various concerns.

05:00

🏭 The Impact of Premature Deindustrialization on Workforce Development

This paragraph delves into the concept of premature deindustrialization in Indonesia, where the country skipped the manufacturing phase of economic development, leading to a lack of diverse production capabilities and reliance on imports. The speaker explains the typical progression of a nation's economic development through agriculture, manufacturing, and then services, using China as an example of a successful transition. The script highlights the importance of high skill labor in the modern economy, driven by technological advancements, and points out that Indonesia's workforce is largely unprepared for these demands. The speaker also criticizes the Secretary of Education's statement that higher education is not a necessity, arguing that it is essential for meeting the high skill labor demands of the future.

10:01

🎓 The Importance of Tertiary Education and Digital Skills

This section emphasizes the crucial role of tertiary education and digital skills in preparing the workforce for the demands of the modern economy. It argues that without higher education and digital proficiency, workers will struggle to meet the requirements of high-tech industries.

Keywords

💡Unemployment

Unemployment refers to the state of individuals who are actively seeking work but are unable to find it. In the context of the video, it is highlighted by the statistic that 9.9 million Gen Z individuals are currently unemployed, indicating a significant social and economic challenge. The script discusses this issue in relation to the broader theme of job market challenges faced by the younger generation.

💡Gen Z

Gen Z is the demographic cohort following the Millennials, typically referring to individuals born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s. The video emphasizes the struggles of Gen Z in finding employment or pursuing further education and training, pointing out that their challenges are more complex than initially perceived and could hinder the progress towards a prosperous Indonesia by 2045.

💡Productivity

Productivity is a measure of the efficiency of production in the economy, often expressed as the ratio of outputs to inputs used in the production process. The script mentions that the reason Apple invests in Vietnam over Indonesia is rooted in productivity levels, suggesting that Indonesia needs to improve its productivity to attract foreign investment and create more job opportunities.

💡Manufacturing

Manufacturing is the process of transforming raw materials into finished goods through industrial processes. The video script discusses the importance of the manufacturing sector in economic development and how Indonesia's premature shift away from this sector has led to a skills gap and a lack of diversity in its production capabilities.

💡Service Sector

The service sector is part of the economy that provides intangible goods or services rather than physical commodities. The script uses the service sector as an example of where the value of a product, like rice, can be significantly increased through processes such as cooking and branding, highlighting the importance of this sector in adding value to the economy.

💡Skill Gap

A skill gap refers to the difference between the skills required by employers and those possessed by the workforce. The video points out that Indonesia's premature deindustrialization has led to a skill gap, where the demand for high-skill labor cannot be met by the majority of the population who are categorized as low-skill.

💡Education

Education in the video is discussed in the context of its role in preparing individuals for the workforce and addressing the skill gap. The script criticizes the statement from the Secretary of Education that higher education is optional, arguing that it is essential for Indonesia to meet the demand for high-skill labor and to compete in the global market.

💡Tertiary Education

Tertiary education, also known as higher education, includes academic study at universities and certain colleges. The video emphasizes the importance of tertiary education in producing high-skill labor, noting that only 10% of Indonesians have access to it, which is significantly lower than neighboring countries and contributes to the skill gap.

💡Digital Skills

Digital skills refer to the ability to use digital technologies, communication tools, and networks effectively. The script points out that the demand for digital skills is increasing due to globalization and digitalization, and that Indonesia's workforce is currently lacking in these skills, which is a significant barrier to employment and economic growth.

💡Informal Sector

The informal sector consists of economic activities and employment that are not regulated by the state. The video discusses the rise of the informal sector among Gen Z, where many prefer part-time or freelance work for the freedom it offers, which contrasts with the structured 9 to 5 jobs in the formal sector.

💡Globalization

Globalization is the process of increased interconnectedness and interdependence among countries, which has significant implications for economic activities and labor markets. The script mentions globalization as one of the factors driving the demand for high-skill labor and the need for Indonesia to adapt its workforce to compete in the global economy.

💡Workforce

The workforce refers to the total number of people who are employed or are available and qualified for employment. The video discusses the challenges faced by the Indonesian workforce, particularly Gen Z, in terms of unemployment, skill gaps, and the need for adaptation to meet the demands of a changing job market.

Highlights

9.9 million Gen Z individuals are currently unemployed, either without jobs or not seeking specific education or training.

The unemployment issue among Gen Z might be more significant than initially thought and could hinder Indonesia's progress towards becoming a developed nation by 2045.

A survey by the central bank indicates a potential decrease in job availability over the next six months.

The Secretary-General of the Ministry of Education suggests tertiary education is optional, not mandatory, which might affect the workforce's skill level.

Many companies in Indonesia are freezing hiring due to concerns about their future, which impacts job availability for Gen Z.

A survey shows that 40% of employers are hesitant to hire Gen Z employees, indicating a potential bias or misunderstanding.

Indonesia's premature deindustrialization has led to a lack of diverse manufacturing capabilities and reliance on imports.

The country's failure to develop a strong manufacturing industry has resulted in a skill gap that is hard to bridge in the face of digitalization and globalization.

Only 10% of Indonesians have access to higher education, significantly lower than neighboring countries, affecting the availability of high-skill labor.

Indonesia's allocation to education is lower than the recommended 20% of the national budget, impacting the quality of education and its return on investment.

The return on education in Indonesia is around 5%, which is considered less effective compared to other Asian countries.

Tertiary education produces a higher return on investment compared to primary education, emphasizing the importance of higher education for economic growth.

Indonesia's job market is struggling to absorb the workforce, with formal sector jobs decreasing over the past 15 years.

Economic growth used to create 600,000 new jobs per 1% increase, but now it only creates 200,000, reflecting a shift towards high-skill labor demand.

The global economic slowdown is affecting consumption and production, leading to a vicious cycle of reduced employment and income.

Gen Z's preference for the service sector and part-time work over full-time employment is shaping the informal job market.

Traits of Gen Z, such as a lack of formality and a focus on mental health, are seen as less suitable for traditional employment by some employers.

The stigma around Gen Z's behavior in the workforce is forming from employers and HR departments worldwide, affecting their hiring prospects.

The need for reform in the mindset and approach of the young workforce is urgent to ensure a clear future for the majority of Gen Z in Indonesia.

Despite challenges in the formal sector, some Gen Z individuals can thrive in the informal sector, aligning with the global trend of hiring freelance workers.

The creative industry and entertainment sectors offer opportunities for Gen Z to utilize their skills and preferences for flexible work.

The call for Gen Z to be aware of the current situation and willing to bridge the gap in the labor industry to achieve Indonesia's goal of becoming a developed nation by 2045.

Transcripts

Belakangan ini lebih susah cari kerja.

Apalagi kalau kalian lihat headline ini.

9,9 juta gen Z itu sekarang pengangguran.

Either mereka gak punya kerjaan

atau mereka gak ngincar edukasi atau training tertentu.

Awalnya pas gw ngelihat news ini—

oh ya udah mungkin emang karena banyakan gen Z kan masih muda

dan emang butuh waktu aja buat penyerapan.

Ternyata enggak.

Ternyata kalau kalian riset semakin dalam,

problem-nya itu lebih gede dari yang kalian kira.

Bisa dibilang salah satu masalah yang bakal gw bahas di video ini

ini salah satu yang bakal ngehambat kita

buat sampai Indonesia Emas 2045.

Dan wajar kenapa kebanyakan orang permasalahin ini.

Karena mereka takut, masa depan mereka tuh aman atau gak?

Bahkan ada survei dari BI bilang—ini pas Januari ya—

Selama 6 bulan ke depan itu bakal ada penurunan

dari ketersediaan lapangan kerja.

Belum lagi statement dari sekjen kemendikbud.

Dia bilang edukasi tersier itu opsional, jadi gak wajib dipenuhin.

Belum lagi survei dari talent acquisition.

Banyak banget perusahaan di Indonesia itu lagi freeze hiring.

Gak mau hire karyawan baru

karena takut ke depannya mereka harus PHK.

Belum lagi faktanya—ini survei di luar ya—

40% employer itu gak mau nge-hire employee gen Z.

Jadi sebenarnya problem-nya di mana?

Apa benar gen Z kita tuh sekarang agak f*cked up?

Dan sebenarnya kita harus ngapain?

Soalnya kalau negara sampai gak bisa nyediain

lapangan pekerjaan buat warga-warganya,

ya artinya itu udah situasi yang fatal banget.

Kalau kalian gen Z, gw saranin klian nonton sampai habis.

Soalnya ini buat kalian lebih ngerti

dan siapin diri lah buat ke depannya nanti—

masa depan kalian kayak gimana.

Dan salah satu problem paling gede yang gw spot

adalah mereka gak subscribe—

Oke bercanda.

Sebenarnya ada 4 masalah gede yang gw spot.

Masalah negara, masalah edukasi,

masalah pekerjaan, baru yang terakhir masalah dari gen Z itu sendiri.

And yes, kita mulai dari yang paling hot dulu.

Gw yakin mayoritas dari kalian tuh gak tahu

asal-usulnya kenapa Indonesia ketinggalan banget tuh dari mana.

Masuk ke Chapter 1 Masalah Negara.

Kalian tahu gak sih kenapa Indonesia tuh ketinggalan?

Karena kalau kita kita ngomong pekerjaan,

kita harus ngukur dari produktivitas negara itu sendiri.

Kalian tahu gak kenapa Apple ujung-ujungnya invest ke Vietnam, bukan ke Indonesia?

Kalau belum tahu, kalian nonton video gw yang ini.

Tapi basically gini.

Ini ilmu yang menurut gw kalian harus tahu.

Kalau kita ngomong produktivitas, harus ada tangganya.

Gak bisa tuh skip warganya yang sebelummnya petani

tiba-tiba semuanya jadi AI engineer.

Dan ternyata udah ada roadmap-nya.

Untuk hampir semua negara maju di dunia

selalu ngelewatin 3 sektor ini dulu.

Agrikultur, manufaktur, baru service.

Simpelnya gini, kita berkaca sama negara yang—

sekarang kelihatannya powerful banget yaitu China.

Hampir mayoritas dari negara berkembang itu harus mulai dari agrikultur dulu.

Dimana warga-warganya—

intinya walaupun low skill, mereka tuh diarahin buat bertani.

Menanam, panen—yang output-nya tuh ngasih basic necessity kita.

Jadi makanan, bahan untuk pakaian, untuk rumah.

Dan itu yang dialamin sama negara-negara maju

pas di awal mereka lagi berkembang.

Nah baru step 2-nya itu manufacturing.

Nah di step ini China itu gila banget.

Pas mereka sudahah ngelewatin fase agriculture,

China benar-benar ngebuka pintu buat seluruh foreign nation

(untuk) investasi di negaranya biar

warganya yang waktu itu kategorinya masih low skill—

at least bisa kerja mengoperasi mesin.

Dan itu harus tersebar di banyak banget industri.

Jadi yang sebelumnya bahan mentah,

negara dan warganya bisa memproses bahan itu jadi barang jadi.

Tangganya gitu ya, dari bertani sampai mengoperasikan mesin.

Baru sektor terakhir yang namanya sektor tersier itu sektor service.

Dimana warganya kalau di rantai value chain

itu bisa kasih nilai tambah dengan memberi service ke orang lain.

Cara paling gampang buat ngertiin step by step-nya—

basically kayak analogi padi.

Orang bertani hasil akhirnya jadi padi.

Misalnya keluar value-nya 1.000.

Padi itu masuk ke manufacturing jadi beras yang ada brand-nya

atau tepung deh yang harganya naik jadi 10.000.

Lalu masuk ke sektor service.

Dimana ada chef yang bikin resepnya,

masak jadi kue yang enak banget—dijual harganya 100.000.

Jadi itu namanya value chain.

Tapi makin ke sini, semua 3 sektor tadi

lama-lama tuh berkembang gara-gara teknologi.

Dan semuanya jadi butuh high skill labor.

Dimana agriculture udah demand-nya ke arah AOT AI, automation.

Manufacturing udah ke arah chip-chip AI

yang udah gak bisa lagi tuh orang low skill nge-operate mesin-mesinnya.

Service business yaitu IT, nge-develop AI itu sendiri.

Dan Indonesia itu sebenarnya

yang namanya premature deindustrialization.

Dimana sebelumnya pas kita perkembangan ekonomi itu naik sampai 8%

dan kita ada di masa kejayaan manufakturnya—

itu terlalu prematur dimatiinnya

dan orang terlallu cepat pindah ke service sector.

That's why kalau kalian lihat negara kita dan warga-warganya,

gak banyak yang bisa produksi produk-produk terlalu bervariasi.

Ujung-ujung yang banyak kita harus rely impor ke negara-negara tetangga

karena ya sesimpel manufacturing kita tuh ketinggalan.

Ini sebenarnya ceritanya panjang banget.

Kalian bisa baca dari artikel ini.

Tapi kalau ini menarik buat kalian,

gw bisa bikin video terpisah buat ngejelasin secara full.

Dan gara-gara Indonesia gagal untuk ngebangun

industri manufaktur yang strong,

skill gap kita ketinggalan.

Dan mau gak mau gara-gara digitalisasi dan globalisasi,

banyaknya kebutuhan untuk bersaing dengan perusahaan-perusahaan multinasional,

udah gak bisa ngejar.

Permintaan high skill ini gak bisa dipenuhin

sama mayoritas warga-warga kita yang masih di kategori low skill.

That's why kombinasi manufaktur

sama kemampuan SDM kita yang bikin—

salah satunya Apple lebih pilih invest ke Vietnam daripada Indonesia.

Masuk ke problem kedua,

Kenapa SDM kita besa secupu itu

dan kesannya susah buat bersaing sama SDM-SDM luar?

Problem-nya ada di edukasi.

Kita masuk ke Chapter 2.

Di chapter 1 sebenarnya kita udah bahas,

pertama kita udah ketinggalan dan demand-demand pekerjaan sekarang itu—

mau gak mau udah butuhin orang-orang yang high skill.

Balik lagi, kita masuk ke statement-nya sekjen kemendikbud.

Beliau bilang pendidikan tinggi itu kebutuhan tersier.

Jadi itu opsional, gak perlu dipenuhin.

Jujur pas gw dengar itu sebenarnya agak kecewa.

Walaupun gw ngerti itu taken out of context.

Karena memang definisinya tersier, memang sebenarnya opsional.

Gak wajib.

Tapi masalahnya Indonesia butuh.

Karena kita ke-skip tangga manufacturing,

beberapa pekerjaan ke depannya itu bakal lebih butuh warga yang high skill.

Dan jujur perguruan tinggi itu masih relevan

buat menuhin demand itu.

Nah gini, faktanya di Indonesia itu

cuma 10% yang punya akses ke perguruan tinggi.

Itu masih jauh banget dibanding negara-negara tetangga ya.

Yang top-top kayak Emirat Arab 47%,

Singapura 33%, Amerika 37%.

Yang padahal sebenarnya ada aturan dari 2003,

APBN kita itu minimal 20% spending untuk pendidikan.

Di tahun 2024 ini pengeluarannya tuh sampai Rp665 T.

Salah satunya kayak program LPDP.

Program-program beasiswa, belajar di negara tetangga.

Tapi kok kesannya kayak masih kurang?

Padahal kalau dilihat dari Vietnam,

alokasi 20% dari APBN.

Karena sebenarnya problem-nya bukan cuma budget yang dilontarin,

tapi kualitas dari budget itu.

Nah kalian harus ngerti istilah ini,

namanya return on education.

Yes, dan sebenarnya ini diukur.

Untuk setiap warga yang sukses menempuh pendidikan tertentu,

return-nya tuh berapa persen sih untuk penghasilan negara?

Umumnya semakin banyak yang di-invest ke pendidikan,

warga-warganya jadi high skill labor.

Semakin high skill, semakin gede pendapatannya.

Dan Vietnam yang lagi dipanas-panasin—

malah mereka yang bakal emas 2045, bukan kita.

Di tahun 1990 dinobatin sebagai negara yang

return of education-nya paling tinggi dibanding negara Asia lainnya.

Asia Timur itu di sekitar 9-10%.

Hitungan cara kerjanya kayak gini.

Setiap $1 yang di-invest untuk pendidikan

menghasilkan berapa persen peningkatan pendapatan setiap tahunnya?

Nah lantas Indonesia return on education-nya berapa?

Menurut studi terakhir di tahun 2015, itu sekitar 5%.

Menurut gw masih kurang efektif.

Padahal budget-nya segede itu.

Salah satu fakta yang menarik lagi—

yang gw akuin gw waktu itu gak dapet full context-nya.

Kuliah atau pendidikan tersier yang lainnya

itu ngehasilin return on education yang jauh lebih tinggi dibanding pendiikan primer.

Dimana rata-rata pendidikan primer itu 10%

dan teriser itu 17% dalam rata-rata.

Dan jeniusnya Vietnam karena mereka tahu ini,

mereka lebih banyak invest di tingkat edukasi yang lebih tinggi.

So, sebenarnya mau gak mau

gara-gara globalisasi sama digitalisasi,

permintaan pekerjaan ke depannya bakal lebih butuh high skill—

kita harus akuin ternyata pendidikan tersier ini masih penting.

Dan ini kedua—Indonesia yang ketinggalan.

Nyambung ke problem ketiga, masalah lapangan pekerjaan.

Faktanya, emang penyerapan kerja di Indonesia tuh jelek.

Indonesia tuh gak bisa secepat itu membuka lapangan pekerjaan

secepat perkembangan dari tenaga kerja yang ada.

Bahkan kalau kita lihat dari 15 tahun terakhir,

sektor formal itu mengalami penurunan terus.

Apalagi buat gen Z.

Ini gw sengaja bikin urutan jelasin chapter 1 sama chapter 2.

Dulu setiap setiap 1% perkembangan ekonomi

tercipta lah 600.000 pekerjaan baru.

Sekarang pas naik 1% cuma 200.000.

Ini karena kita ke-skip masa kejayaan manufaktur kita di tahun 1990an itu.

Kedua pekerjaan-pekerjaan yang sekarang—

terutama di sektor formal nih—itu lebih butuh high skill labor.

Dan kenyataannya gen Z sekarang tuh belum semuanya masuk kategori itu.

Buat yang gak ngerti, sektor formal itu—

simpelnya dibilang sebagai white collar worker

atau orang-orang yang kerja di kantor, terstruktur, 9 to 5.

Sedangkan sektor informal itu biasanya pekerja-pekerja kasar

yang gak terlalu terstruktur kayak kategori freelancer, content creator.

Dan problem-nya tuh ada di sini.

Ditambah faktor ketiga, seluruh negara di dunia dan situasi global sekarang—

ekonomi itu lagi sow down.

Makanya benar, nyambung ke statement

kenapa banyak perusahaan di dunia itu lagi freeze hiring.

Bahkan PHK lagi banyak.

Cara simpel buat jelasin lingkarannya,

kita lihat dari konsumsinya dulu.

Konsumsi melemah bikin produksinya melemah.

Produksi melemah bikin pekerjaan menurun.

Pekerjaan menurun bikin income-nya menurun,

yang bikin konsumsinya menurun lagi.

Nah ini lingkaran setan.

Mau gak mau ini harus kita lewatin sekarang.

Pekerjaan-pekerjaan yang ada sekarang—

kalau masalah lapangan pekerjaan kayaknya kita gak bisa tackle itu.

Karena emang itu udah kesalahan yang dialami Indonesia

pas mereka nge-skip growth dari masa kejayaan mereka

pas manufaktur itu kuat banget di tahun 1990an.

Cuma kita harus tackle problem yang kedua ini.

Dimana pekerjaan-pekerjaan masa depan itu bakal

jauh lebih banyak involve high skill labor.

Atau pekerja-pekerja yang punya skill lebih tinggi dibanding

lu cuma disuruh kerjaan administrasi aja.

Dan di sini role-nya menurut gw mau gak mau

harus embrace pendidikan tersier.

Gimana caranya gen Z bisa transformasi jadi high skill labor

yang ke depannya itu bakal jadi mayoritas workforce kita

Itu tuh jadi kendaraan paling penting

buat mencapai Indonesia Emas 2045 nanti.

Dan kalau gak ngejar, mayoritas penduduknya bakal pengangguran.

Hal yang paling on demand sekarang untuk jadi high skill labor

itu pendidikan sama skill di dunia digital.

Prediksinya setiap tahun demand itu bakal naik terus.

Makanya sekarang faktanya kalau startup-startup banyak di Indonesia—

jujur banyak banget yang nyari programmer ke Vietnam,

India, China, Singapura.

Kenyataannya skill digital di Indonesia tuh masih rendah banget.

Setengah dari masyarakat kita itu gak punya skill digital.

Dan gak nyampai 1% yang punya skill-nya sampai level advance.

Biasanya pekerja-pekerja yang skill digital-nya rendah

itu bakal masuk ke sektor informal.

Spesifiknya sebagai unskilled labor.

Jadi sebenarnya di sini kelihatan.

Salah satu ancaman paling gede di ketenagakerjaan masa depan

adalah kita gak bisa nge-fill supply dan demand-nya.

Yang kita udah ketinggalan—demand-nya sekarang untuk high skill labor,

warga-warga kita tuh belum melek

dan belum mau cukup belajar untuk penuhin skill-skill digital itu.

Jadi summary-nya dar masalah ketiga ini,

emang lapangan pekerjaan kita kurang bisa menyerap,

low skill labor-nya banyak dan gak bisa penuhin

demand dari pekerjaan yang skill-skill tinggi.

Dan emang sekarang ekonomi lagi uncertain.

Cuma gak fair kalau dari tadi kita cuma ngalahin faktor luar doang.

Karena realitanya problem terakhir yang menurut gw lumayan substansial

adalah dari gen Z-nya itu sendiri.

Masuk ke chapter 4, teruntuk kalian gen Z yang lagi nonton video ini,

salahnya juga ada di kalian.

Yang mungkin ke depannya bikin banyak pengangguran

Ternyata dari pekerjanya sendiri yang salah.

Masuk ke Chapter 4.

Ada alasannya kenapa di luar sana ada survei—

40% employer itu gak mau nge-hire gen Z.

Di sini gw bagi jadi 2 bagian.

Yang pertama traits dari gen Z itu sendiri.

Dan gw gak capek-capek bahas ini.

Gen Z, kalian yang nonton, dibanding sama generasi sebelumnya—

itu punya trits yang jauh lebih susah buat

nyesuaiin diri sama pekerjaan dibanding generasi-generasi sebelumnya.

Generasi yang paling ke-expose sama informasi,

sama yang ditodong paling pinter,

itu ternyata generasi yang mentalnya paling gak tertempa.

Dan kebanyakan dari survei itu

nunjukin traits gen Z yang sebenarnya kurang oke dari interview.

Banyak yang gak berpakaian rapih,

ngomongnya pakai bahasa-bahasa informal.

Dianggap kurang serius lah untuk dapat pekerjaan itu.

Mungkin karena masih muda, urgensinya itu kayak,

"Gw belum terlalu perlu nih pekerjaan ini."

Bikin kebanyakan employer jadinya tuh ngerasa kayak,

"Lu tuh serius gak sih nyari kerja?"

Ditambah kalau misalnya pekerjanya udah keserap,

gen Z emang udah pada dasarnya paling peduli dengan metal health.

Tren-tren kayak quietquitting,

paling gampang ngerasa overwork,

dikit-dikit butuh healing, paling harus sesuai apa yang dia suka.

Dan traits-traits ini yang sebenarnya jadi problem kalian sendiri

uuk bisa nyesuaiin sama demand kebutuhan kerja di luar sana.

Cuma kalau kita balik lagi ke statistik ya,

kita ngomong tentang preferensi dari gen Z itu sendiri.

Kenapa sektor informal itu melonjak banget?

Dan sebelumnya gw ngomongin tentang 3 sektor di industri ya.

Dari agrikultur, manufatur, sampai service—

gen Z itu preferensinya kebanyakan ke service sector.

Kebanyakan gak suka dikekang dengan kerjaan full time

dan lebih suka jadi part time.

Lebih pengen punya kebebasan sendiri.

"Mendingan gw freelance dibanding gw harus ngantor tiap hari."

Walaupun ini gak berlaku buat semuanya,

kenyataannya stigma behavior gen Z di workforce itu

udah kebentuk dari banyak banget employer dan HRD di seluruh dunia.

Kalian harus mulai sadar dan ingetin ke diri sendiri ya.

Kalau misalnya udah ngikutin dari chapter 1 sampai chapter 3,

you know nyari kerjaan tuh sekarang bakal lebih

challenging dibanding masa-masa sebelumnya.

Dari ketersediaan, dari kebutuhan high skill labor,

dari situasi ekonomi sekarang.

Apa ini waktunya buat workforce anak muda sekarang harus direformasi?

Harus diubah mindset-nya.

Bahwa ini sesuatu yang urgent dan harus serius dibenahin

kalau misalnya masa depan dari mayoritas gen Z di Indonesia

itu punya kepastian yang lebih jelas.

Tapi salah satu good news-nya,

walaupun ada masalah di sektor formal,

beberapa dari gen Z bisa thriving

dan sukses di sektor informal.

Dan ini kenapa align sama banyak banget perusahaan global

sekarang prefer buat hire pekerja lepasan.

Kita lihat service sektor dari creative industry, entertainment—

dimana sebenarnya itu bisa jadi nilai tambahnya kalian.

Asalkan aware sama demand yang dibutuhin sama masyarakat sekarang.

Tapi kalau menurut gw pribadi,

balik lagi ke seluruh tesis dari awal video.

Apa yang kalian harus lakuin sebenarnya

untuk bikin Indonesia maju—

Itu jangan lupa untuk kejar sektor-sektor

kayak manufacturing dan agriculture.

Kedua, jangan ngerasa edukasi itu scam.

Karena mau gak mau sekarang kebutuhan kerja

makin ke depan itu makin dibutuhin

yang jauh lebih high skill dibanding masyarakat kita sekarang.

The only way to solve this adalah semua kalian yang nonton

sadar situasinya sekarang dan mau ngejar gap

yang ada di industri ketenagakerjaan kita sekarang.

Hopefully ini bisa ngebuka mata kalian.

Dan semangat buat yang lagi cari kerja.

Ayo kita sama-sama wujudin Indonesia Emas 2045.

Mulai dari kalian yang bakal jadi tulang punggung SDM kita ke depannya.

I guess I'll see you guys on the next video, bye-bye!