Kearifan Melayu Dalam Pemanfaatan Alam Kelas.XII

Summary

This video explores the Malay cultural wisdom of Riau, focusing on sustainable natural resource usage and farming practices. It covers the division of land in Malay nature, including village, farming, and forest areas, highlighting the importance of preserving nature through practices like crop rotation, mutual cooperation in fieldwork, and respecting natural limits. The video stresses the significance of faith and tradition in utilizing resources and promoting ecological balance. It concludes with a rhyme encouraging knowledge-seeking and respect for nature, emphasizing a sustainable approach to farming and land use.

Takeaways

• 😀 Malay culture divides natural land into five parts: Village Land, Dusun Land, Farming Land, Reserve Area, and Rimba (forest).
• 😀 Forest land (Rimba) is classified into three categories: Prohibited Forest (Rimba Larang), Reserve Forest (Rimba Reserve), and Sialang Surrounded Jungle (Rimba Kepungan Sialang).
• 😀 Farming land is used for cultivating crops like rice, vegetables, and fruits, while adhering to restrictions that prevent the use of Prohibited or Sialang Surrounded Jungle.
• 😀 Water areas like rivers, lakes, and seas play a crucial role in transportation, agriculture, and fish production, highlighting their multifunctional importance.
• 😀 The practice of 'moving fields' is common among the Malay people of Riau to allow the land to regenerate its fertility.
• 😀 Opening farming fields is a communal activity involving a series of steps, including pioneering, clearing bushes, cutting trees, and burning the land.
• 😀 The Malay people adhere to specific guidelines when using natural resources, including ensuring sustainability and avoiding overexploitation.
• 😀 The principle of 'do not exhaust, destroy, or cut without replacement' governs the sustainable use of natural resources in the Malay community.
• 😀 Agricultural practices are deeply rooted in the teachings of Islam, with a focus on responsible and sustainable use of nature as guided by the Quran and Hadith.
• 😀 Traditional leaders play a key role in overseeing the proper use of natural resources, ensuring that practices align with cultural and religious values.

Q & A

What is the purpose of the video?

The purpose of the video is to teach about Riau Malay cultural education, specifically focusing on the wisdom in the use of nature, farming, and the division of life space in Malay culture.

How is the forest land categorized in Malay culture?

The forest land in Malay culture is categorized into three parts: Rimba larang (protected forest), Rimba reserve (forest allowed for farming), and Rimba kepungan sialang (forest surrounding sialang trees for bees).

What is the role of the water areas in Malay culture?

Water areas such as sea water, rivers, and lakes are vital in Malay culture. Rivers serve as transportation routes and agricultural product transporters, while lakes produce fish, and water bodies like the bencah are considered reserve agricultural land.

Why do Malay people practice shifting cultivation?

Malay people practice shifting cultivation, or moving fields, to allow the land to rest and become fertile again. This method involves searching for new and old areas to plant vegetables and fruits while ensuring soil fertility.

What does 'per day' or 'batobo' mean in the context of farming?

'Per day' or 'batobo' refers to the system of mutual cooperation in opening fields, where members of the community take turns working on the land, similar to a rotating schedule.

What are the six key activities involved in opening a field in Riau Malay culture?

The six key activities are pioneering (creating boundaries), merembas (cutting bushes), cutting down small trees, covering branches, daratang (cleaning leaves and branches), and cupboard (marking the field boundaries).

What is the importance of not planting trees on farmland in Malay culture?

Trees are not planted on farmland because they take up space needed for core crops like rice, tubers, and vegetables. This ensures efficient use of land for essential food production.

How does the Malay community ensure the sustainability of nature when using its resources?

The Malay community follows limits when using nature, such as not exhausting resources, not destroying forests, and replacing cut-down trees with new ones. This reflects a belief in sustainable use of natural resources based on faith.

What does the proverb 'cut down is replaced by waste' mean in Malay culture?

The proverb 'cut down is replaced by waste' means that when forest land is used, it should be compensated by replenishing or utilizing the land in a sustainable way. It emphasizes careful and respectful interaction with nature.

How are natural products utilized in Malay culture according to the script?

Natural products in Malay culture are used with faith, guided by Islamic teachings from the Quran and Hadith. Traditional leaders play a crucial role in determining how these resources should be utilized sustainably.