KESIMPULAN DAN REFLEKSI FILOSOFI PENDIDIKAN KI HAJAR DEWANTARA

Summary

This video explores the educational philosophy of Ki Hajar Dewantoro, who is considered the Father of National Education in Indonesia. It highlights his key concepts, including the importance of education centered around the student, the Among system, and the balance between nature and the times. Dewantoro emphasized character development, continuous learning, and the role of teachers as facilitators. His ideas advocate for a holistic approach to education, integrating academic knowledge with moral and character-building, and fostering creativity and individuality in students. The video also reflects on how these principles are applied in modern classroom settings.

Takeaways

• 😀 Ki Hajar Dewantoro, born on May 2, 1889, is known as the Father of National Education in Indonesia and is commemorated on National Education Day.
• 😀 Dewantoro’s educational philosophy focuses on guiding children to achieve safety and happiness both as humans and as members of society.
• 😀 Education must recognize and nurture both the natural nature of children and the nature of the times, adapting to societal changes.
• 😀 The Among system encourages non-coercive guidance, allowing children to grow both physically and mentally in a safe and fertile environment.
• 😀 Dewantoro stresses that education should serve the child, with the teacher as a facilitator who adapts to the child's needs and interests.
• 😀 The Trikon principle emphasizes continuous, convergent, and concentric learning, drawing from global knowledge while maintaining national cultural identity.
• 😀 Character development is a crucial aspect of education, encompassing thoughts, feelings, will, and energy to shape students' moral and psychological development.
• 😀 The educational environment, including family, school, and community, plays an essential role in shaping the character and intelligence of students.
• 😀 Teachers are responsible for the moral character of students and must collaborate with families and communities to ensure educational success.
• 😀 The reflection of Dewantoro’s philosophy in modern classrooms emphasizes student-centered learning, character building, and creative exploration, with teachers fostering both intellectual and moral growth.

Q & A

Who is Ki Hajar Dewantoro and what is his contribution to education in Indonesia?

Ki Hajar Dewantoro, born on May 2, 1889, in Yogyakarta, is regarded as the Father of National Education in Indonesia. He was awarded this title by President Soekarno in 1959 for his significant contributions to the development of education in the country.

What is the central goal of Ki Hajar Dewantoro's educational philosophy?

The central goal of Ki Hajar Dewantoro's educational philosophy is to guide all the natures that exist in children, enabling them to achieve the highest safety and happiness both as individuals and as members of society.

How does Ki Hajar Dewantoro define 'the nature of nature' and 'the nature of the times' in education?

The 'nature of nature' refers to the inherent characteristics that each student is born with, while 'the nature of the times' involves adapting to the changing circumstances of the world. Teachers must ensure that both aspects of the student's development—innate traits and responses to societal changes—are recognized and nurtured.

What is the Among system in Ki Hajar Dewantoro's educational philosophy?

The Among system is an approach that avoids coercion, focusing instead on providing guidance that helps children grow and develop safely and naturally, both physically and mentally. It emphasizes the importance of providing good examples and fostering a healthy, supportive environment for students.

What does Ki Hajar Dewantoro mean by 'education must serve the child'?

Ki Hajar Dewantoro advocates for education that is centered around the student, where the teacher serves not only as a source of knowledge but also as a facilitator. The learning process should be based on the needs and interests of the child, ensuring the child is the focus of educational efforts.

What is the Trikon principle, and how does it relate to education?

The Trikon principle involves three key aspects of education: continuous, convergent, and concentric development. It suggests that learning should be ongoing (continuous), draw on global human culture while retaining national identity (convergent), and be open yet critical of outside cultural influences (concentric). This principle supports a comprehensive approach to teaching and learning.

How does Ki Hajar Dewantoro's philosophy approach character education?

Ki Hajar Dewantoro views character as the result of the integration of thoughts, feelings, and will, leading to moral energy. Education, therefore, should focus not only on intellectual development but also on nurturing moral and ethical qualities, with the family, school, and community playing crucial roles in this process.

What role do teachers play in the development of students' character, according to Ki Hajar Dewantoro?

Teachers play a critical role in shaping the character of students. They help students explore and develop their character by providing guidance and being role models, fostering a positive and morally responsible environment in the classroom.

What is meant by the concept of 'three-center education' in Ki Hajar Dewantoro's philosophy?

The 'three-center education' concept emphasizes the interconnected roles of the family, school, and community in a student's education. These three environments must work together to ensure that educational goals are properly achieved and students receive a well-rounded upbringing.

How does Ki Hajar Dewantoro’s educational philosophy influence modern teaching practices?

Ki Hajar Dewantoro's philosophy emphasizes student-centered education, creativity, and character development, which are all integral to modern teaching practices. Teachers today use diverse methods such as interactive learning, discussions, and critical thinking exercises, reflecting Dewantoro’s emphasis on serving the child's needs and interests in the learning process.