Tugas PRESENTASI Agama Islam prodi manajemen 07 UNISRI 2021 kelompok 07 Aqidah dan aliran Menyimpang

Summary

This transcript delves into the core concepts of Aqidah (belief) and Iman (faith) in Islam, explaining their meanings both linguistically and terminologically. It further discusses the Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah, a group that adheres to the teachings of the Prophet and the early caliphs. The script also explores the causes of deviation in Aqidah, including ignorance, blind fanaticism, and the distortion of religious teachings. Additionally, it highlights various sects that deviated from mainstream Islam, such as Shi'ah, Khaimah, Murji'ah, and Mu'tazilah, and their specific beliefs and controversies, providing insights into their differences from traditional Islamic teachings.

Takeaways

• 😀 Aqidah refers to the Islamic creed, meaning a firm belief and commitment in the heart, mind, and actions, free from doubts or uncertainty.
• 😀 Iman, or faith, involves affirming the truth in the heart, declaring it with the tongue, and demonstrating it through actions.
• 😀 Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah are the followers of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his companions, adhering to the teachings and practices of the Sunnah.
• 😀 Ignorance (jahil) of the correct aqidah is one of the main causes of deviation in religious beliefs.
• 😀 Blind fanaticism towards traditional beliefs, even when proven wrong, leads to misguidance and deviation from true Islamic teachings.
• 😀 Taqleed, or blind imitation of predecessors without understanding the underlying evidence, can lead to incorrect beliefs, as seen in groups like Mu'tazilah and Ash'ariyyah.
• 😀 Over-exaggeration or extreme reverence for saints and pious individuals beyond their rightful status can result in deviation from the proper Islamic creed.
• 😀 Neglecting the clear signs of Allah, such as His verses and the natural world, can lead people to materialism and misinterpretation of the purpose of life.
• 😀 Many Muslim households today lack proper religious guidance, leading to a generation unaware of true aqidah.
• 😀 Deviant groups like Shia, Khawarij, Murji'ah, and Mu'tazilah have diverged from mainstream Islam, each developing their own distorted interpretations of key Islamic beliefs.

Q & A

What is the meaning of 'Aqidah' in Islamic terminology?

In Islamic terminology, 'Aqidah' refers to the core beliefs or creeds of a Muslim, which are firm and strong beliefs that are accepted by the heart and soul, without any doubt or uncertainty.

How does 'Iman' differ from 'Aqidah' in Islamic teachings?

'Iman' refers to belief in something with the heart, verbal affirmation with the tongue, and actions to demonstrate that belief. While 'Aqidah' is the foundation of belief, 'Iman' is the practical manifestation and affirmation of that belief.

What does Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah refer to?

Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah refers to the group of Muslims who follow the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad and the practices of the rightly guided caliphs (Khulafa al-Rashidin). They are considered to be the true and correct followers of Islam.

What are the main causes of deviation in Aqidah according to the script?

The main causes of deviation in Aqidah include ignorance about the true Aqidah, blind fanaticism towards ancestors' beliefs, blind following (taqlid), exaggeration towards saints and righteous individuals, negligence towards the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah, weak religious guidance in households, and insufficient or ineffective religious education systems.

How do people with blind fanaticism affect their understanding of Aqidah?

People with blind fanaticism hold on to the beliefs of their ancestors even when they are aware that these beliefs are incorrect. They refuse to embrace the truth, even when it contradicts their inherited beliefs.

What is 'taqlid' and how does it contribute to deviation in Aqidah?

Taqlid refers to the act of blindly following the beliefs or opinions of others, particularly in matters of Aqidah, without understanding or verifying the basis of those beliefs. This practice has led to deviations, especially within groups that follow distorted teachings without evidence or proper knowledge.

What is the issue with the belief in exaggeration towards saints and righteous people?

Exaggeration towards saints and righteous people leads to placing them in positions of power and ability that are reserved only for Allah. This creates an improper understanding of their roles and capabilities, which may distort a person's Aqidah.

How does neglecting the Qur'an and the Sunnah contribute to deviation in Aqidah?

Neglecting the Qur'an and the Sunnah causes individuals to lose touch with the true guidance of Islam, often leading them to develop incorrect beliefs or practices. This neglect fosters an environment where materialistic views replace spiritual teachings.

What is the role of parents in preserving a child's Aqidah?

Parents play a crucial role in shaping the Aqidah of their children. According to the Prophet Muhammad's teachings, every child is born in a state of fitrah (pure nature), and it is the responsibility of the parents to guide them toward the correct religious path, whether it be Islam, Christianity, or Judaism.

What are the key beliefs of the Shia group that lead to deviation in Aqidah?

The Shia group deviates from mainstream Islam in several ways, such as believing that the Qur'an has been altered, holding negative views towards the majority of the Sahabah (companions of the Prophet), and elevating the status of their Imams to an almost divine level. They also practice Mut'ah (temporary marriage), which is considered unlawful in Islam.

What are the key beliefs of the Khawarij that caused them to deviate from mainstream Islam?

The Khawarij group believes in excommunicating anyone who commits a major sin, and they also reject the legitimacy of any ruler who does not govern according to their interpretation of Islamic law. Their extreme views led them to engage in rebellions and violence against other Muslims.

What does the Mu'tazilah school of thought emphasize, and how did it lead to deviations in Aqidah?

The Mu'tazilah school of thought places heavy emphasis on reason and philosophy, often mixing Islamic theology with Greek philosophy. This led to deviations such as denying the eternal nature of the Qur'an, interpreting divine justice in an abstract manner, and introducing concepts like the idea of an intermediary between faith and belief.