Pemeriksaan Fisik Bayi Baru Lahir

Summary

This video demonstrates how to perform a comprehensive physical examination on a newborn baby, starting with basic measurements like weight and length. The procedure includes checking the head, face, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth, as well as assessing movement, breathing sounds, and heartbeats. The examiner also evaluates the baby’s abdomen, spine, and genitalia, ensuring normal development. The video provides detailed instructions on handling and observing various aspects of newborn health, making it an informative guide for healthcare practitioners in assessing a newborn’s condition.

Takeaways

• 😀 The physical examination begins with measuring the baby's weight and length.
• 😀 Baby's weight is recorded after subtracting the weight of the clothes and diaper, which in this case was 3.5 kg.
• 😀 The baby's length is measured by aligning the head and feet with the measuring board, showing a length of 48 cm.
• 😀 Circumference measurements of the head (36 cm), chest (34 cm), and abdomen (35 cm) are taken during the physical exam.
• 😀 The body temperature of the newborn is measured using an axillary method, showing a temperature of 36.2°C.
• 😀 The head shape is normal, with no signs of abnormal conditions like caput succedaneum or cephalohematoma.
• 😀 The eyes are aligned, and there is no bleeding; the ears are clean and positioned normally.
• 😀 The baby’s nose and mouth are examined for abnormalities; no discharge or breathing issues were observed.
• 😀 The neck is flexible, and there is no restriction in movement.
• 😀 The chest is symmetrical, with normal heart and lung sounds, and there are no signs of respiratory distress or murmurs in the heartbeat.

Q & A

What is the first step in performing a physical examination on a newborn baby?

The first step is weighing the baby and measuring their length to assess their physical growth.

How is the weight of the newborn baby measured?

The baby's weight is measured by subtracting the weight of their clothing and any other items to get the accurate weight, which in this case was 3.5 kg.

What is the procedure for measuring the length of the newborn baby?

To measure the baby's length, the baby's head is aligned with the top of the measurement board, and the soles of the feet are placed at the board's bottom, measuring the baby's total body length. In this example, the baby's length is 48 cm.

What is the method used to measure the head circumference of a newborn?

To measure the head circumference, a measuring tape is placed around the largest part of the baby's head, usually just above the ears and above the eyebrows, where the measurement is taken. The head circumference in this case was 36 cm.

How is the chest circumference of the baby measured?

The chest circumference is measured around the chest, just above the nipples. In this case, the chest circumference was 34 cm.

How is the baby's temperature measured, and what was the temperature reading in this case?

The baby's temperature is typically measured via the anus, but in this case, it was taken via the armpit. The recorded temperature was 36.2°C.

What are the key features of the newborn's head that need to be checked during the physical examination?

The head should be round and free from any abnormal swelling or bruising, such as caput succedaneum or cephalhematoma. The fontanelles and sutures should also be palpated for any irregularities.

What does a normal eye and ear examination in a newborn entail?

During a normal eye examination, the eyes should be symmetrical, clean, and free of hemorrhage. The ears should be positioned properly, with the top of the ear in line with the eyes, and should be free from excess secretion or infection.

How is the newborn's respiratory system checked?

The newborn's respiratory system is checked by observing the breathing pattern and auscultating for normal vesicular breath sounds. The respiratory rate was found to be 35 breaths per minute in this case.

What does the physical examination of the newborn's genitalia include?

The genitalia examination for a male newborn includes checking for normal penis and scrotum formation, ensuring that the testes are descended into the scrotum without signs of hydrocele or other abnormalities like hypospadias or epispadias.

How are the baby's extremities and digits checked?

The baby's extremities are checked for proper movement, and the fingers and toes should be complete, with no signs of polydactyly. The presence of normal palmar and plantar creases is also noted.