Perencanaan Penyuluhan

Summary

This video discusses the key steps in planning agricultural or livestock extension programs. It outlines the four main elements of a program: objectives, methods, resources, and work plans. The video highlights two planning approaches: 'Planning from Below' (community-driven) and 'Learning from Above' (top-down). The content further covers the five stages of planning, including analyzing the situation, setting objectives, identifying activities, implementing, and evaluating. Emphasis is placed on the importance of participatory approaches, collaboration with local farmers, and the need to adapt solutions based on local conditions and resources.

Takeaways

• 😀 A good extension program should consist of four key elements: objectives, methods, resources, and work plans.
• 😀 There are two main types of extension planning: 'Planning from Below' (community-driven) and 'Learning from Above' (top-down government-driven). The best approach combines both.
• 😀 A good extension worker must be able to integrate both bottom-up and top-down planning to achieve the objectives of both the farmers and the government.
• 😀 There are five essential steps for an extension worker in planning: analyze the situation, set objectives, identify activities, implement, and evaluate the program.
• 😀 Analyzing the situation involves understanding the problems farmers face and identifying the available resources, whether human, natural, or financial.
• 😀 Data collection for situational analysis can be done through reports, previous surveys, or direct information from local farmers, leaders, and other stakeholders.
• 😀 Data analysis requires understanding the underlying causes of the issues, such as weather, soil fertility, or poor farming practices.
• 😀 A participatory approach is essential for situation analysis, involving both the extension worker and the community to interpret data and identify problems.
• 😀 Solution selection should be based on technical feasibility, acceptance by the local community, and alignment with national and local policies.
• 😀 The goal formulation should be clear, specific, and based on realistic expectations, using frameworks like the ABCD model (Audience, Behavior, Condition, Degree).

Q & A

What are the four key elements of a written extension program?

The four key elements of a written extension program are: 1) Objective (the goals to be achieved), 2) Means or Methods (the strategies to achieve the goals), 3) Resources (human and natural resources used), and 4) Workplan (a schedule of activities to be implemented).

What are the two main approaches to planning an extension program?

The two main approaches to planning an extension program are 'Planning from Below,' where farmers and extension workers collaboratively create a plan, and 'Learning from Above,' where the extension worker implements national or governmental plans at the local level. The most effective approach combines both strategies.

What are the five stages an extension worker must follow in planning an extension program?

The five stages are: 1) Analyze the situation in the target area, 2) Set objectives for the program, 3) Identify the activities to be performed, 4) Implement the planned activities, and 5) Evaluate the program’s success.

What is involved in analyzing the situation before planning an extension program?

Situation analysis involves identifying the issues farmers or livestock owners face, the causes of these issues, and understanding the available resources, including human, natural, and financial resources, in the target area.

How can an extension worker collect data or facts about the target area?

An extension worker can collect data from two main sources: 1) Reports from previous studies or surveys, and 2) Direct information gathered from farmers, livestock owners, and local leaders through methods such as Focus Group Discussions (FGD) or one-on-one interviews.

What are some methods an extension worker can use to collect data from the community?

An extension worker can use methods such as collaborating with professional researchers, conducting surveys with simple questionnaires, or using participatory methods where farmers or livestock owners are involved in identifying facts about their own resources.

Why is it important for an extension worker to analyze data thoroughly?

Analyzing data helps an extension worker understand the causes behind issues such as declining agricultural or livestock productivity. By analyzing the data, the worker can distinguish between subjective opinions and reliable scientific data, which is essential for making informed decisions.

What are the two types of solutions an extension worker must consider when planning?

The two types of solutions are: 1) Technical solutions, which involve improving agricultural or livestock management practices, and 2) Institutional solutions, which involve changes in policies or systems, such as credit systems or marketing partnerships.

How should an extension worker select the most suitable solution for a given issue?

The selection of a solution should be based on criteria such as its acceptability to the farmers, its feasibility within available resources, consistency with national and local policies, and its technical viability.

What is the ABCD formula for writing clear objectives in an extension program?

The ABCD formula for writing objectives stands for: A - Audience (the target group), B - Behavior (the desired behavior or skills to be achieved), C - Condition (the conditions under which the behavior will occur), and D - Degree (the measurable standard for achieving the objective).