Sejarah Penyuluhan Pertanian di Indonesia

Summary

This video provides an insightful overview of the history of agricultural extension in Indonesia. It covers four key periods: pre-independence, post-independence, the New Order era, and the post-reform or regional autonomy period. The video highlights the evolution of agricultural extension efforts, from early colonial initiatives to modern reforms. Key milestones include the introduction of new crops, forced planting systems, and the establishment of local agricultural education centers. The impact of government policies and regional autonomy on agricultural development and extension services is also discussed, showcasing their role in empowering local farmers.

Takeaways

• 📚 Agricultural extension in Indonesia aims to change farmers' behavior to solve their own problems and improve their livelihoods.
• 🏛 The history of Indonesian agricultural extension is divided into four periods: pre-independence, post-independence, New Order era, and post-reform era.
• 🌱 Before independence, agricultural extension activities existed but were not formally recognized as such, focusing on introducing new crops like rubber and coconut.
• 🛠️ During the colonial period, the Dutch introduced a forced cultivation system for crops like coffee, sugar, and tobacco to improve agricultural production.
• 🏫 Post-independence, a significant effort was made to establish rural education centers, known as Balai Pendidikan Masyarakat Desa (BPMD), to develop agriculture.
• 📈 The third period included the Guided Democracy era where the New Order government aimed to reestablish agricultural extension based on original principles like voluntariness and democracy.
• 🔬 In the New Order era, agricultural development was closely tied to successful agricultural experiments, such as the ones in Karawang, West Java.
• 🌾 The post-reform era has seen changes in agricultural extension influenced by the decentralization policy, with regional governments gaining more control over agricultural policies.
• 📜 Law No. 22 of 1999 on regional autonomy gave regional governments the authority to manage and improve the quality of human resources according to local needs.
• 🌐 The decentralization policy has shifted the responsibility for agricultural extension from the central government to regional governments.

Q & A

What is the definition of agricultural extension mentioned in the script?

Agricultural extension is an effort to change the behavior of farmers and their families so that they know and have the willingness and ability to solve their own problems in activities, increasing business results, and improving their quality of life.

How is the history of agricultural extension in Indonesia divided according to the script?

The history of agricultural extension in Indonesia is divided into four periods: the pre-independence era, the independence era, the New Order era, and the post-reform or regional autonomy era.

What significant event happened in 1918 related to agricultural development in Indonesia?

In 1918, the Department of Agriculture was established in Bogor, which marked the beginning of agricultural development efforts in Indonesia.

What was introduced during the Dutch colonial period to improve agricultural production?

During the Dutch colonial period, a system of forced cultivation was introduced in 1931, requiring farmers to plant specified crops like coffee, sugarcane, and tobacco.

What was the significant effort made in the development of agriculture after Indonesia's proclamation of independence in 1945?

After the proclamation of independence, a significant effort was made to establish rural education centers in every sub-district.

What was the name of the plan that was intended to be implemented as part of agricultural development during the independence era?

The plan intended to be implemented was called the Prosperity Plan of Indonesia or Rencana Kasimo.

What was the impact of the Dutch military aggression on agricultural plans from 1948 to 1949?

The Dutch military aggression from 1948 to 1949 prevented the full implementation of the agricultural plans.

What was the concept introduced during the New Order era to reform agricultural extension?

During the New Order era, the concept of returning to the original principles of agricultural extension was introduced, emphasizing voluntariness and a democratic approach.

What was the significant outcome of the agricultural extension activities in Karawang, West Java, from 1963 to 1975?

The significant outcome was the establishment of an agricultural extension approach where students lived with farmers for six months to guide and implement post-harvest agricultural activities.

How did the reformasi or regional autonomy era affect agricultural extension in Indonesia?

The reformasi era influenced agricultural extension by decentralizing responsibilities from the central government to regional governments, allowing for local management and improvement of agricultural extension services.

What law was enacted in 1996 that had a significant impact on regional autonomy and agricultural extension policies?

Law No. 22 of 1996 on regional autonomy was enacted, giving regional governments the authority to manage and improve the quality of human resources according to local needs and capabilities.