Perang Saudara di Kerajaan Kediri

Summary

This educational video covers the history of the Kediri Kingdom in Indonesia, focusing on its political, social, economic, and cultural development. The kingdom, which emerged after the division of Medang Kamulan, saw significant rulers like Sri Jayawarsa and Jayabaya. The video delves into notable artifacts like the Sirah Keting inscription and explores the kingdom's advancements in agriculture, trade, and culture, including the creation of literature such as the Baratayuda and Smaradahana. It highlights Kediri's rich legacy and its role in the broader context of Indonesian history, ending with its fall and transition to the Singasari Kingdom.

Takeaways

• 😀 The importance of learning history is emphasized, with a focus on not neglecting it, as highlighted by a quote from Bung Karno.
• 😀 The lesson focuses on the development of the Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in Indonesia, specifically the Kediri Kingdom.
• 😀 The main objectives are to analyze the political, social, economic, and cultural aspects of the Kediri Kingdom and identify its cultural heritage.
• 😀 The Kediri Kingdom is the continuation of the Medang Kamulan Kingdom, established in 1042, following the division of the kingdom by Airlangga into two parts: Kediri and Jenggala.
• 😀 The political development of Kediri was marked by power struggles, such as the civil war between Samarawijaya of Kediri and Panji Garasakan of Jenggala in 1052.
• 😀 The Kediri Kingdom was ruled by a series of kings, starting with Sri Jayawarsa in 1104, and continued until its downfall in 1222 when Kertajaya was defeated by Ken Arok.
• 😀 Several important inscriptions, such as the Prasasti Sirah Keting, provide insight into the history and rulers of the Kediri Kingdom, with some mentioning divine connections like Sri Jayawarsa claiming to be a manifestation of the god Vishnu.
• 😀 King Jayabaya of Kediri, who reigned from 1135, is famous for his prophecies, including the Jangka Jayabaya, and for commissioning the Baratayuda epic, which describes a civil war between Kediri and Jenggala.
• 😀 The Kediri Kingdom had a well-established economy based on agriculture, trade (including gold, silver, ivory, sandalwood, etc.), and a strong naval fleet to ensure security in the region.
• 😀 Cultural development flourished during the Kediri Kingdom, with notable advancements in literature, including the creation of epic works like the Baratayuda and Smaradahana, as well as the development of the Wayang Panji, a form of puppet theater.
• 😀 The Kediri Kingdom also saw advancements in society, where the people were skilled in various trades, and the kings were known to wear fine clothing and jewelry, indicating a high standard of living among the elite.

Q & A

What is the focus of the video content?

The video discusses the history of the Kediri Kingdom, its political, social, economic, and cultural developments, as well as its cultural heritage and the importance of preserving historical sites.

What was the purpose of the division of the Medang Kamulan Kingdom by Airlangga?

Airlangga divided the Medang Kamulan Kingdom into two parts, the Kediri (Panjalu) and Jenggala kingdoms, to prevent a civil war between his heirs.

Who was the first king of the Kediri Kingdom?

The first king of the Kediri Kingdom was Sri Jayawarsa, who ascended the throne in 1104.

What historical artifact is associated with Sri Jayawarsa?

The historical artifact associated with Sri Jayawarsa is the Sirah Keting inscription, which mentions his divine descent as a manifestation of the god Vishnu.

What is the significance of King Jayabaya in the Kediri Kingdom?

King Jayabaya, who ruled from 1135, is famous for his prophecies, particularly the 'Jangka Jayabaya,' and for leaving behind several important inscriptions.

What was the main economic activity in the Kediri Kingdom?

The main economic activities in the Kediri Kingdom included agriculture, maritime trade, and the trading of goods such as gold, silver, ivory, sandalwood, and incense.

What role did the Kediri Kingdom’s navy play in its economy?

The Kediri Kingdom had a strong naval fleet that ensured the safety of its maritime trade routes, which were vital for the kingdom's economy.

What cultural achievements were made during the Kediri Kingdom?

The Kediri Kingdom saw significant cultural advancements, including the development of the Panji folklore, which became the basis for wayang performances, and the creation of important literary works such as the Baratayuda and Smaradahana.

How did King Kertajaya’s reign end?

King Kertajaya's reign ended in 1222 when he was defeated in a battle at Ganter by Ken Arok, who went on to establish the Singhasari Kingdom.

What is the significance of the Jangka Jayabaya?

The Jangka Jayabaya is a collection of prophecies attributed to King Jayabaya, which include predictions about future events, such as the arrival of a just ruler, known as the 'Ratu Adil.'