WHY IS CRIMINOLOGY IMPORTANT? DIVE DEEPER || INSAN AJAR

Summary

In this video, Nuralihi Insani explores the field of criminology, explaining its importance in understanding the causes of crime and its impact on society. The speaker introduces key terms such as criminalization, decriminalization, and depenalization, illustrating how legal changes can shift societal norms and penalties. By studying criminology, individuals can better understand why people commit crimes, develop effective policies to reduce crime, and contribute to a fairer justice system. The video encourages deeper learning and engagement with criminology as a tool for creating a safer, more just society.

Takeaways

• 😀 Studying criminology helps us understand the reasons why people commit crimes, such as theft, assault, or murder, by exploring underlying factors like poverty, lack of satisfaction, or external pressures.
• 😀 Criminology allows for deeper insight into human behavior, identifying not only criminal actions but also those that harm society but are not necessarily illegal, like littering or environmental damage.
• 😀 By studying criminology, one can identify patterns of criminal behavior, contributing to more effective and tailored responses to crime and lawbreaking.
• 😀 One key benefit of criminology is the ability to formulate more accurate and effective policies that aim to reduce crime rates and increase public safety.
• 😀 Criminology aids in the judicial process by helping legal professionals understand the reasons behind a crime, facilitating fairer and more appropriate sentencing based on individual circumstances.
• 😀 Criminalization refers to the process of making an act illegal by introducing new laws or regulations, such as the banning of previously permissible actions like the use of marijuana in traditional Indonesian cuisine.
• 😀 Decriminalization is the opposite, where previously illegal activities are made legal by changes in laws, such as the recent shift in the treatment of adultery in Indonesian law under the new KUHP.
• 😀 Depenalization refers to reducing the penalties for certain acts, where actions that were previously punishable by law are now subject to lighter consequences, such as rehabilitation instead of imprisonment for drug abuse.
• 😀 Criminology explores the human motives behind crimes and their impact on society, which in turn helps to develop strategies for creating safer communities and reducing harm.
• 😀 The three main benefits of studying criminology include understanding crime causes, contributing to public safety policies, and supporting a more effective criminal justice system.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of studying criminology?

The main purpose of studying criminology is to understand why people commit crimes, explore the underlying causes of criminal behavior, and develop effective solutions for addressing such actions in a way that benefits society.

How does criminology differ from traditional legal approaches to crime?

Unlike traditional legal approaches, which focus primarily on punishing offenders, criminology delves deeper into understanding the reasons behind criminal actions, such as socio-economic factors, psychological influences, and external pressures.

What are some examples of crimes directly related to criminal law?

Examples include theft, assault, murder, terrorism, drug trafficking, and corruption. These actions are illegal and directly conflict with criminal law, posing harm to individuals and society.

What is an example of an action that harms society but is not explicitly criminalized?

An example would be littering. While it may not always be explicitly criminalized, it negatively impacts the community by causing environmental damage, health hazards, and general public inconvenience.

What are the three main benefits of studying criminology?

The three main benefits are: understanding the causes and factors behind criminal behavior, contributing to policy development to reduce crime and improve safety, and supporting the judicial process by providing more informed and effective sentencing.

What does the term 'criminalization' mean in criminology?

Criminalization refers to the process of making an act that was once legal illegal through new legislation or regulations, often due to shifts in societal norms or values.

Can you provide an example of criminalization?

An example of criminalization is the shift in laws regarding substances like marijuana. In the past, it was legal to use marijuana for certain purposes, but new laws later made its use illegal, subjecting violators to legal consequences.

What does 'decriminalization' mean in criminology?

Decriminalization is the process of removing legal sanctions from certain actions, making them legal or less punishable under the law, even if they were previously considered illegal.

How does the concept of decriminalization apply to adultery in Indonesia's legal system?

In the context of Indonesia's legal system, the concept of decriminalization is evident in the new Criminal Code (KUHP), where adultery is no longer criminalized unless one of the parties involved is married. The new law removes the legal punishment for unmarried individuals engaging in adultery.

What is 'depenalization' and how is it different from criminalization and decriminalization?

Depenalization refers to reducing the severity of penalties for certain crimes or actions. Unlike criminalization (making an act illegal) and decriminalization (making an act legal), depenalization involves substituting harsher punishments with lighter or alternative consequences, such as rehabilitation instead of imprisonment.