Apa Itu Kriminologi?

Summary

This video introduces criminology as an interdisciplinary field that studies crime, criminal behavior, and the social, legal, and psychological factors behind it. The script delves into definitions by various experts, discussing crime as a social phenomenon and the role of criminology in understanding crime's causes, its legal framework, and methods to control criminal behavior. It highlights the relationship between criminology and other fields like sociology, psychology, law, and economics. Additionally, the video touches on the distinction between crime and deviant behavior, offering insights into the criminal justice system's role in addressing crime.

Takeaways

• 😀 Criminology is a scientific approach to studying criminal behavior, focusing on crime as a social phenomenon.
• 😀 The scope of criminology includes the development of criminal law, the causes of crime, and methods to control criminal behavior.
• 😀 Criminologists study crime by investigating its causes, the individuals involved, and societal responses to it.
• 😀 Criminology is an interdisciplinary field, closely related to criminal law, sociology, psychology, economics, anthropology, and biology.
• 😀 Key definitions of criminology: Bowler views it as an investigation into crime, Constant focuses on the factors leading to crime, and Noah emphasizes understanding criminal behavior.
• 😀 Michael Hetler highlights the role of institutions (e.g., law enforcement) in shaping criminal behavior and societal control.
• 😀 Criminology also explores how crime is classified and how deviant behavior can sometimes be criminalized based on societal norms.
• 😀 The study of deviant behavior in criminology is distinct from general sociological studies of norm violations, with crime being a specific type of deviance.
• 😀 The relationship between criminology and the criminal justice system is strong, with criminologists studying the causes and patterns of crime, while the criminal justice system focuses on legal enforcement.
• 😀 Criminologists not only study crime but also examine how societal changes can decriminalize certain behaviors previously deemed criminal.
• 😀 Understanding criminology helps develop crime prevention strategies and informs public policies for controlling crime.

Q & A

What is criminology?

Criminology is a scientific approach to studying criminal behavior and the causes of crime. It examines crime as a social phenomenon and looks at factors such as the development of criminal law, the causes of violations, and methods of controlling criminal behavior.

Who defined criminology as the study of crime as a social phenomenon?

David Sunderland and Donald VC defined criminology as the study of crime as a social phenomenon.

What are the three main aspects of criminology's scope?

The three main aspects of criminology's scope are: the development of criminal law, the understanding of violations of law, and the reaction to law violations.

What is the purpose of criminology as a discipline?

The purpose of criminology is to gather and analyze data about crime and criminal behavior, identifying its causes and seeking ways to prevent or control it.

How does criminology relate to other fields of study?

Criminology is interdisciplinary, linking to fields such as law (criminal law), sociology (crime as a social issue), anthropology (culture and crime), psychology (mental state of criminals), biology (biological factors), and economics (economic factors behind crime).

What does criminology focus on regarding the causes of crime?

Criminology focuses on studying the reasons behind criminal behavior, which can vary depending on individual, social, and environmental factors.

What is the difference between crime and deviance?

Crime refers to acts that break established laws, while deviance refers to actions that violate social norms but may not necessarily be considered criminal. Criminology explores the transition between deviant acts and criminality.

How does criminology contribute to crime prevention and control?

Criminology contributes to crime prevention and control by studying methods to reduce crime through legislation, societal interventions, and analyzing criminal justice systems.

What role do institutions play in criminology, according to Michael N. Hetler?

According to Michael N. Hetler, criminology also examines the role of institutions, such as law enforcement and other societal organizations, in shaping and responding to criminal behavior.

How does criminology interact with the criminal justice system?

Criminology helps explain the causes and nature of crime, while the criminal justice system deals with the enforcement of laws, handling offenders, and determining punishments. Criminology examines the effectiveness of the justice system in controlling crime and its impact on crime rates.