Sajian Hikmah Ramadhan || day 28 || Apa itu FIDYAH ??

Summary

The video script provides a detailed explanation of Fidyah, a compensatory practice in Islam for missed fasts during Ramadan. It outlines the different categories of individuals who are required to pay Fidyah, such as the elderly, sick, pregnant, or nursing women. The script emphasizes that Fidyah should be given in the form of food, particularly staple foods, and that it is obligatory for those who cannot fast due to health conditions. It also covers the process of determining the amount, the necessary intention, and the timing for paying Fidyah, offering a thorough understanding of this important practice in Islamic law.

Takeaways

• 😀 Fidyah is a form of atonement, similar to zakat or kafarat, for those who miss their religious duties such as fasting during Ramadan due to certain valid reasons.
• 😀 Fidyah can be paid in the form of food, with one mud (a traditional measurement) representing the amount required for each day of missed fasting.
• 😀 There are different categories of people who are obligated to pay Fidyah, including the elderly, those with chronic illness, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and the deceased who left unfulfilled fasts.
• 😀 Elderly individuals who are unable to fast due to weakness or health concerns are exempt from fasting and must compensate with Fidyah.
• 😀 Those suffering from a chronic illness with no hope of recovery may also opt to pay Fidyah instead of fasting, as per Islamic teachings.
• 😀 Pregnant or breastfeeding women who fear for their health or their child’s health are allowed to miss fasting and instead pay Fidyah or perform Qada (makeup fasting) later depending on the situation.
• 😀 If someone dies before completing their fasts, the family may need to pay Fidyah on behalf of the deceased, depending on whether the deceased had a valid excuse for missing the fasts or not.
• 😀 For those who deliberately delay their Qada fasting until the next Ramadan without a valid excuse, Fidyah is required as a penalty, in addition to performing the makeup fast.
• 😀 Fidyah must be given to the poor and needy (Fakirs or Miskins), and it should not be divided among multiple people; it must be given in full for each missed fast.
• 😀 The timing for giving Fidyah can vary: it is best to do it before sunset or at the start of the night for those who missed fasting for health reasons, but it can also be done later or outside of Ramadan if needed.

Q & A

What is Fidyah and how is it related to Ramadan?

Fidyah is a form of compensation or ransom, specifically for individuals who are unable to fast during Ramadan due to reasons such as old age, illness, or pregnancy. It involves providing food to the poor, typically in the form of one Mud (approximately 675 grams or 6.75 ounces) of food for each missed day of fasting.

What are the different categories of people required to pay Fidyah?

There are several categories of people who are required to pay Fidyah: 1) The elderly who cannot fast due to weakness, 2) Individuals suffering from severe illness with no hope of recovery, 3) Pregnant or breastfeeding women who are unable to fast due to health concerns, 4) People who pass away having left unfasted days, and 5) Individuals who delay making up missed fasts until the next Ramadan.

What is the role of intention (niyyah) when paying Fidyah?

The intention (niyyah) is an essential part of paying Fidyah, as it is an act of worship related to one's wealth. Just like in Zakat or Kaffarah, one must have a clear intention to fulfill the Fidyah obligation. The niyyah should specify the purpose, such as Fidyah for a sick person or an elderly person.

Is Fidyah obligatory for someone who is permanently unable to fast?

Yes, Fidyah is obligatory for individuals who are permanently unable to fast, such as elderly people who experience severe hardship when attempting to fast. In such cases, Fidyah compensates for each day of fasting missed during Ramadan.

What happens if someone dies without making up for their missed fasts?

If someone dies leaving missed fasts due to illness or another valid excuse, their heirs are not required to pay Fidyah. However, if the individual had the ability to make up the fasts but neglected to do so, Fidyah must be paid by their heirs, which is one Mud of food for each missed day.

Can Fidyah be paid in cash instead of food?

According to the majority of scholars, Fidyah should be paid in the form of food (the local staple, such as rice in many regions). However, some scholars, particularly in the Hanafi school, allow Fidyah to be paid in cash equivalent to the value of the food.

What is the proper way to distribute Fidyah to the poor?

Fidyah should be given to the poor, specifically to those categorized as either 'fakir' (the very poor) or 'miskin' (the needy). The amount provided is one Mud of food per day of missed fasting, and it should be given directly to one poor person per day of fasting.

What are the exceptions to the requirement of Fidyah for pregnant or breastfeeding women?

Pregnant or breastfeeding women are exempt from fasting if they fear for their health or the health of their child. If the woman fears for both her own health and her child’s health, she does not need to pay Fidyah but must make up the missed fasts later. If she only fears for her child, she must pay Fidyah instead of fasting.

What is the prescribed timing for paying Fidyah for someone who is ill or elderly?

Fidyah for individuals who are ill, elderly, or pregnant should be paid after Fajr (dawn) and before Maghrib (sunset) on each missed day of fasting. However, it can also be paid later, even outside of Ramadan, if necessary.

How is Fidyah calculated for someone who missed multiple days of fasting?

For each day of fasting missed, Fidyah is calculated as one Mud of food, which is around 675 grams of the staple food of the region. This amount is to be given to a poor person for every day of missed fasting, ensuring that each day is compensated.