Skills Lab - Pemeriksaan IVA / IVA Test

Summary

This video explains the IVA (Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid) method for early detection of cervical cancer. It outlines the simple, cost-effective procedure that can be performed by trained healthcare workers, such as midwives or nurses. The process involves using a speculum, applying 5% acetic acid to the cervix, and observing any changes in color, particularly the appearance of white spots (acetowhite) which indicate a positive result. The procedure is quick, provides immediate results, and does not require laboratory testing. The video also demonstrates how to communicate the results to patients and provides essential steps for conducting the examination.

Takeaways

• 😀 IVA (Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat) is a simple, cost-effective, and easy cervical cancer screening method that can be performed by trained healthcare workers, such as midwives or nurses.
• 😀 The IVA test helps with early detection of cervical cancer by visually inspecting the cervix after applying a diluted acetic acid solution.
• 😀 The tools required for IVA include 5% acetic acid (diluted with water), a speculum, cotton buds, gauze, and gloves for hygiene and safety during the procedure.
• 😀 The acetic acid solution is made by mixing one part acetic acid (vinegar) with four parts water.
• 😀 The test is performed by applying the acetic acid to the cervix using a cotton bud, followed by visual observation for any white discoloration, which may indicate abnormal cell changes.
• 😀 The procedure is non-invasive and does not require sending samples to a laboratory, providing immediate results.
• 😀 A positive result is indicated by a white discoloration (acetowhite) in the squamocolumnar junction area of the cervix, suggesting potential precancerous changes.
• 😀 If no white discoloration appears within one minute, the result is considered negative, indicating no signs of abnormal cell changes.
• 😀 The patient should be positioned in the lithotomy position during the test, with proper cleaning and placement of the speculum for clear visibility of the cervix.
• 😀 After the procedure, results are explained to the patient with visual aids to show where changes occurred, ensuring clear communication of the findings.

Q & A

What is IVA and what is its purpose?

IVA (Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat) is a visual inspection method using acetic acid to detect early signs of cervical cancer. It is simple, affordable, and can be performed by trained health professionals, including midwives and nurses, without the need for a doctor.

What are the main benefits of the IVA technique?

The main benefits of IVA are its simplicity, affordability, and the fact that results are available immediately after the test, without the need to send samples to a laboratory.

What materials are needed for the IVA procedure?

The materials required for IVA include acetic acid (5%), aquapides (for dilution), a speculum, cotton buds, gloves, tampons, gauze, and a cleaning solution for the vaginal area.

How do you prepare the acetic acid solution for the IVA test?

To prepare the solution, mix one part acetic acid (vinegar) with four parts aquapides (water) to create a 5% acetic acid solution.

What is the role of the speculum in the IVA procedure?

The speculum is used to open the vaginal area so that the cervix can be visualized clearly, allowing the healthcare provider to apply the acetic acid solution directly to the cervix.

How is the acetic acid solution applied during the IVA test?

A cotton bud is dipped into the 5% acetic acid solution and applied evenly to the cervix, particularly around the squamocolumnar junction, where the transformation zone of the cervix is located.

How long should you wait after applying the acetic acid solution before evaluating the results?

After applying the acetic acid solution, you should wait for one minute to observe any changes in the color of the cervix.

What does it mean if the cervix turns white after applying acetic acid?

If the cervix turns white, it indicates a positive result for IVA, suggesting the presence of abnormal cells that may be indicative of pre-cancer or cancerous changes.

What does it mean if there is no color change after applying acetic acid?

If there is no change in color and the cervix remains its usual appearance, the result is negative, meaning no abnormal cells were detected.

How should the results be communicated to the patient?

The results should be clearly explained to the patient. If the result is positive, the healthcare provider should show the areas that turned white on the cervix and explain the potential implications. If the result is negative, the patient can be reassured that no abnormalities were found.