PDD UKTPT BIDANG PENGAJARAN NUR SITI YAROH/NIDN 0401017404/ STIKES ABDI NUSANTARA

Summary

This educational session focuses on the early detection and screening of women's health, particularly the IVA test for cervical cancer. The speaker, a health practitioner and educator, explains the procedure, including the preparation of tools, patient safety, and the steps for conducting the test using acetic acid. Key concepts such as detecting abnormal tissue and understanding the significance of SSK (squamo-columnar junction) are covered. The session emphasizes the importance of correct procedures and safety while demonstrating the process for students, with a focus on practical skills for real-world applications in healthcare settings.

Takeaways

• 😀 The session begins with the instructor introducing their background in healthcare, teaching at various institutions, and providing an overview of their current role as a lecturer in midwifery.
• 😀 The lesson covers the topic of 'Early Detection and Screening for Pre-marital and Pre-conception Hypertension and Infectious Conditions', focusing on visual inspection with acetic acid for early detection of cervical issues.
• 😀 The instructor demonstrates the procedure for the Acetic Acid Test (IVA test) used to detect early signs of cervical abnormalities or cancer, explaining the method of applying acetic acid to the cervix and observing changes.
• 😀 The importance of understanding the SSK (Squamous Columnar Junction) is highlighted, as its appearance or absence plays a significant role in deciding further actions like conducting additional tests such as Pap smears.
• 😀 Students are instructed to follow a systematic procedure in preparing for the IVA test, including preparing the patient, tools, and space to ensure both accuracy and patient comfort.
• 😀 Proper infection control measures are emphasized, including the use of appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), tools, and sanitation practices to avoid contamination.
• 😀 The demonstration involves multiple stages: preparing the patient, ensuring their privacy, applying the appropriate test tools, and conducting the acetic acid examination, with attention to detail.
• 😀 Following the test, students are instructed to observe the results, noting whether there are signs of abnormalities such as white patches indicative of potential issues like HPV or early-stage cancer.
• 😀 The instructor provides guidance on handling both positive and negative test results, with the next steps for further investigation or monitoring depending on the outcome of the IVA test.
• 😀 Finally, students are expected to practice the procedure in a laboratory setting, ensuring they follow the guidelines for patient preparation, tool handling, and conducting the test safely and correctly.

Q & A

What is the purpose of the IVA test demonstrated in the script?

The IVA test is used for early detection of cervical cancer by visually inspecting the cervix for abnormal changes, using acetic acid to highlight potential precancerous lesions.

What is the significance of applying acetic acid during the IVA test?

Acetic acid is applied to the cervix to detect abnormal tissue changes. Areas with abnormal cells will turn white, which may indicate the presence of precancerous lesions or other issues.

How long should acetic acid be left on the cervix during the IVA test?

Acetic acid should be left on the cervix for about one minute to allow any changes to become visible.

What does a white area with defined borders after applying acetic acid indicate?

A white area with defined borders indicates the presence of abnormal tissue, which may suggest a precancerous condition like squamous cell carcinoma or other related issues.

What is the role of the SSK (Squamous Columnar Junction) in the IVA test?

The SSK refers to the boundary between the ectocervix and the endocervix. Its appearance or absence helps determine the next steps in examination, including whether further tests like Pap smears are necessary.

What steps should be taken if an abnormal result is found during the IVA test?

If an abnormal result is found, such as a white area on the cervix, further tests like a Pap smear or HPV DNA test should be conducted, followed by appropriate treatment, which may include cryotherapy or further clinical examination.

What is the correct procedure for preparing tools before conducting the IVA test?

The tools must be prepared in a sterile manner, including disinfecting all instruments and setting up a clean environment. This includes having necessary items like speculums, gloves, cotton swabs, acetic acid, and saline solution ready.

How should the patient be prepared for the IVA test?

The patient should be informed and asked for consent before the test. They should change into appropriate attire, ensuring comfort and privacy during the examination, and empty their bladder before the procedure.

What precautions are taken to ensure patient safety and comfort during the IVA test?

Precautions include ensuring patient privacy, maintaining clear communication to ease any discomfort, using sterile equipment, and taking steps to prevent any harm during the procedure.

What are the possible outcomes of the IVA test, and what do they mean?

The possible outcomes are either negative or positive. A negative result means no abnormalities are detected, and the patient may return for another checkup in 1-3 years. A positive result indicates the presence of abnormal cells, requiring further evaluation and possible treatment.