🟣 VOZES VERBAIS: VOZ ATIVA, VOZ PASSIVA E VOZ REFLEXIVA

Summary

This educational video explains the concept of verbal voices in Portuguese grammar. It covers the distinction between active and passive voices, including analytical and synthetic passive forms. The lesson also delves into reflexive and reciprocal reflexive voices, providing examples like 'Ele se machucou' and 'Capitu e Bentinho se beijaram.' The video teaches how to transform sentences from active to passive voice and explains the importance of direct and indirect objects in this transformation. It also highlights important syntactic rules for correctly using verbal voices, helping learners understand when such transitions are possible.

Takeaways

• 😀 Verbal voices refer to the relationship between the subject and the verb in a sentence.
• 😀 There are three main types of verbal voices: active, passive, and reflexive.
• 😀 In the active voice, the subject performs the action of the verb, e.g., 'Capitu kisses Bentinho.'
• 😀 In the passive voice, the subject receives the action expressed by the verb, e.g., 'Bentinho is kissed by Capitu.'
• 😀 A reflexive voice occurs when the subject performs and receives the action simultaneously, e.g., 'Capitu and Bentinho kiss each other.'
• 😀 The active voice uses the subject as the 'agent' performing the action.
• 😀 The passive voice has two types: analytical (using the verb 'ser') and synthetic (using verb forms like 'se').
• 😀 In analytical passive, the auxiliary verb 'ser' is used with the main verb in the participle form, e.g., 'The house was rented by her.'
• 😀 In synthetic passive, a verb in the third person is used with a reflexive pronoun 'se,' e.g., 'The house was rented.'
• 😀 Reflexive voices can be either simple reflexive (one subject) or reciprocal reflexive (more than one subject).
• 😀 Verbs that are transitive direct can be converted from active to passive, but intransitive or indirect transitive verbs cannot.

Q & A

What are verbal voices in Portuguese grammar?

Verbal voices in Portuguese grammar refer to the relationship between the subject and the verb in a sentence. It determines whether the subject performs the action (active voice), receives the action (passive voice), or both performs and receives the action (reflexive voice).

How can we identify if a subject is the agent or patient in a sentence?

To identify if a subject is the agent or patient, we need to examine whether the subject performs the action expressed by the verb or receives it. For example, in 'Capitu kissed Bentinho,' Capitu is the agent because she performs the action, while Bentinho is the patient because he receives the action.

What is the difference between active and passive voice?

In the active voice, the subject performs the action, as in 'She rented the beach house.' In the passive voice, the subject receives the action, as in 'The beach house was rented by her.'

What are the two types of passive voice in Portuguese?

The two types of passive voice are the analytical passive and the synthetic passive. In the analytical passive, the verb 'ser' (to be) is used with the main verb in its past participle, such as 'The beach house was rented by her.' In the synthetic passive, a particle like 'se' is used, such as 'The beach house was rented.'

What is a reflexive voice?

In the reflexive voice, the subject performs and receives the action simultaneously. For example, in 'She hurt herself with the knife,' the subject 'she' both performs and receives the action.

What is a reciprocal reflexive voice?

A reciprocal reflexive voice occurs when two subjects both perform and receive the action. For example, in 'Capitu and Bentinho kissed each other,' both subjects are involved in performing and receiving the action of kissing.

Why can some verbs not be transformed into passive voice?

Verbs that are intransitive or transitive indirect cannot be transformed into passive voice because they do not have a direct object that can become the subject in the passive construction. For example, 'needs' (precisar) is a transitive indirect verb, and a sentence like 'Needs of sellers' cannot be transformed into a passive structure.

How do you transform a sentence from active to passive voice?

To transform a sentence from active to passive voice, you need to move the direct object to the subject position, use the correct form of 'ser' (to be) in the same tense as the verb in the active voice, and place the main verb in its past participle. For example, 'Maria sells books' becomes 'Books are sold by Maria.'

What is the importance of verb tense and mode in transforming from active to passive voice?

The verb tense and mode must match when transforming from active to passive voice. If the verb in the active sentence is in the past tense, the verb 'ser' in the passive construction must also be in the past tense, and the main verb must be in its past participle form.

Can you provide an example of a sentence with a transitive verb that can be transformed into passive voice?

Yes. For example, 'Machado de Assis wrote Dom Casmurro' is an active sentence with a transitive verb. It can be transformed into passive voice as 'Dom Casmurro was written by Machado de Assis.'