Wilayah Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia

Summary

This video discusses the territorial boundaries of Indonesia, highlighting the country's sovereignty over its land, sea, and air spaces. It covers the definition of national territory, Indonesia's territorial zones, including land, territorial waters, exclusive economic zones, and the airspace above. The video also explains Indonesia's rights over its natural resources, as outlined in the 1945 Constitution, emphasizing state control for the welfare of the people. The country's strategic location between Asia and Australia, along with its borders with several neighboring countries, is also explored.

Takeaways

• 😀 The concept of 'territorial integrity' refers to the defined boundaries within which a country can exercise full authority and governance.
• 😀 The territory of the Republic of Indonesia includes three dimensions: land, sea, and air, as outlined in Law No. 43 of 2008.
• 😀 Indonesia's land territory covers 1,921,681 square kilometers, including major islands like Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, Papua, and 13,466 smaller islands.
• 😀 Maritime boundaries are calculated from the low-water mark of the coastline, with the territorial sea extending 12 nautical miles from the outermost islands.
• 😀 The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extends 200 nautical miles from the coast, allowing Indonesia to exploit marine resources and protect its fisheries.
• 😀 The Continental Shelf Zone allows for the exploration and exploitation of resources beyond 200 nautical miles, with shared benefits for the international community.
• 😀 Indonesian airspace is sovereign, and the country has the right to control air traffic and conduct activities like satellite operations, as stipulated by international conventions.
• 😀 Extraterritorial regions include foreign vessels operating under national flags and diplomatic missions abroad.
• 😀 Indonesia's strategic location is between two continents (Asia and Australia) and two oceans (Indian and Pacific), with maritime borders extending to several neighboring countries.
• 😀 The country shares land borders with Malaysia, Timor-Leste, and Papua New Guinea, while maritime boundaries involve other countries like Singapore, the Philippines, Brunei Darussalam, and Australia.

Q & A

What is the definition of a country's territory as mentioned in the script?

A country's territory refers to an area that defines the borders of the nation, within which the state can exercise its full sovereignty, serving as a refuge and the location for the government to organize and administer its affairs.

What are the three dimensions of the territory of the Republic of Indonesia?

The territory of the Republic of Indonesia includes three dimensions: land, sea, and air, as outlined in Article 1 of Law No. 43 of 2008 on the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.

What is included in Indonesia's land territory?

Indonesia's land territory includes its main islands, such as Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, and Papua, along with 13,466 smaller islands.

How is Indonesia's territorial sea defined?

Indonesia's territorial sea is measured 12 nautical miles from the outermost islands of the country at low tide, and beyond this is considered international waters or free seas.

What are the boundaries of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and what rights does Indonesia have there?

The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extends 200 nautical miles from the coast of Indonesia, where the country has the right to exploit marine resources, including fishing, and carry out economic activities, while other countries are free to navigate or fly over it.

What is the Continental Shelf, and what rights does Indonesia have over it?

The Continental Shelf is the area of sea extending beyond the EEZ, more than 200 nautical miles from the shore. Indonesia has the right to explore and exploit resources in this area, with the obligation to share the profits with the international community.

How is the airspace above Indonesia's territory regulated?

According to the 1919 Paris Convention and the 1944 Chicago Convention, every sovereign country has exclusive control over the airspace above its territory, including the right to conduct air operations such as satellite and aviation activities.

What is meant by extraterritorial jurisdiction, and can you give examples?

Extraterritorial jurisdiction refers to areas or entities that, under international law, are considered as part of a foreign country’s territory. Examples include ships sailing under a country's flag in international waters and diplomatic mission premises.

What is the geographical location of Indonesia and its neighboring countries?

Indonesia is located between two continents, Asia and Australia, and between two oceans, the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. It shares land borders with Malaysia, Timor Leste, and Papua New Guinea, and maritime borders with several countries including Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, the Philippines, Australia, and the Pacific Ocean.

What does Indonesia's Constitution (Article 33) state about the nation's natural resources?

Article 33 of Indonesia's 1945 Constitution states that important production branches and natural resources that impact the welfare of many people should be controlled by the state, ensuring that they benefit the prosperity and welfare of the people.