Kultum Ramadhan 1446 H YASPIA / PONPES AL 'IMAROH oleh Ust. Lukman Hakim, S.Pd.I

Summary

This video explores Islamic rulings regarding fasting for others, addressing different circumstances. It explains that fasting is an individual obligation and cannot be performed for someone who is able to fast. However, if a person passes away with missed fasts, scholars disagree on whether heirs can fast for them, with some schools allowing it and others recommending Fidya (compensation). For individuals who cannot fast due to chronic illness or old age, they are required to pay Fidya instead. The video provides clarity on these issues based on Quranic verses and Hadith, offering a well-rounded understanding of Islamic fasting practices.

Takeaways

• 😀 Fasting is an individual obligation and cannot be performed on behalf of someone who is physically able to fast.
• 😀 Allah emphasizes in Surah Al-Baqarah (183) that fasting is a personal duty for every Muslim.
• 😀 If a person is alive and able to fast, they must fast themselves, and it cannot be delegated to others.
• 😀 There are two main scholarly opinions about fasting for a deceased person: Hanafi and Maliki scholars say it is not allowed, while Shafi’i and Hanbali scholars permit it for missed obligatory fasts.
• 😀 Hanafi and Maliki scholars recommend paying Fidya (feeding the poor) instead of fasting on behalf of a deceased person.
• 😀 Shafi’i and Hanbali scholars allow heirs to fast for a deceased person, especially for missed obligatory fasts or vows.
• 😀 The Hadith from Sayyida Aisha supports the view that heirs can fast for the deceased if they have missed fasts, particularly those related to obligatory duties.
• 😀 For people who are unable to fast due to chronic illness or old age, Fidya is required, which involves feeding the poor instead of fasting.
• 😀 The Quran in Surah Al-Baqarah (184) states that for those who are too ill or elderly to fast, they must compensate with Fidya rather than trying to fast.
• 😀 The rules surrounding fasting for others highlight the flexibility within Islamic law to accommodate different situations, including illness, death, and incapacity.

Q & A

Can someone fast on behalf of another person who is still alive but unable to fast?

No, it is not permissible for one person to fast on behalf of another person who is still alive and able to fast. Fasting is an individual obligation and cannot be substituted by another person.

What does the Quran say about fasting as an individual obligation?

In Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayah 183, Allah commands that fasting is an obligation for each individual, emphasizing that it must be performed by each person themselves, as Allah says: 'O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous.'

Can someone fast on behalf of a deceased person to make up for missed fasts?

There are differing opinions among scholars. Some scholars, such as those from the Hanafi and Maliki schools, state that one cannot fast on behalf of a deceased person. Instead, the heirs are encouraged to give Fidya (feeding the poor) for the days missed. However, scholars from the Shafi'i and Hanbali schools allow the heirs to fast on behalf of a deceased person if the missed fasts were obligatory and not completed.

What does the hadith from Aisha say about fasting for the deceased?

The hadith narrated by Aisha (RA) states: 'Whoever dies while having missed fasts, their guardian (heir) may fast on their behalf.' This indicates that it is permissible for the heir to fast for a deceased person if the fast was an unfulfilled obligation.

What is the difference between the opinions of different scholars regarding fasting for the deceased?

The Hanafi and Maliki schools maintain that it is not permissible to fast on behalf of a deceased person. Instead, they recommend giving Fidya. However, the Shafi'i and Hanbali schools permit heirs to fast on behalf of a deceased person, especially if the missed fasts were compulsory, like the fasts of Ramadan.

What should someone do if they are unable to fast due to illness or old age?

If someone is unable to fast due to chronic illness or old age, they are required to pay Fidya, which involves feeding a poor person for each day they are unable to fast. This is mentioned in Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayah 184.

What does Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayah 184 say about people who cannot fast?

Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayah 184 says that for those who are unable to fast due to hardship or illness, they are required to provide Fidya, which involves feeding a poor person for each day of fasting they miss.

Is it necessary to make up for missed fasts if someone is unable to fast permanently?

No, if someone is permanently unable to fast, such as due to chronic illness or old age, they are not required to make up for the missed fasts. Instead, they should pay Fidya as a replacement.

What is Fidya, and when is it required?

Fidya is a compensation for missed fasts, where a person provides food to a poor person for each day they are unable to fast. It is required for those who are unable to fast due to illness or old age and is an alternative to fasting.

What is the significance of fasting being an individual obligation in Islam?

Fasting is an individual act of worship and a personal obligation that must be fulfilled by each Muslim. The individual responsibility highlights the importance of personal devotion and accountability in performing this act of worship.