[SOSIOLOGI 11 SMT 2] Kekerasan: Definisi, Faktor dan Teorinya

Summary

The video discusses the topic of violence, exploring its definition, causes, and theories proposed by various scholars. It distinguishes violence from social conflict, explaining that while conflict can lead to violence, the two are not the same. Key theories are presented, such as Thomas Hobbes' view of violence as an inherent human behavior, James Breuer's idea of violence being a primitive instinct, and Soerjono Soekanto's perspective on violence involving physical force. The video also covers individual and group factors, including identity, deprivation, and mass unrest, highlighting how these contribute to violent actions.

Takeaways

• 😀 Violence can arise from uncontrolled social conflict, and it is important to understand its forms and causes.
• 😀 Thomas Hobbes viewed violence as an inherent behavior in humans, rooted in the concept of 'homo homini lupus' (man is a wolf to man).
• 😀 James Biro believed that violence is a primitive instinct within humans, echoing behaviors of early human ancestors who used violence for survival.
• 😀 Soerjono Soekanto defined violence as actions involving physical force and coercion.
• 😀 A key factor in the occurrence of violence is a breakdown in communication, where dialogue fails to resolve conflicts.
• 😀 Another factor is the discrepancy between expectations and reality, leading to disappointment that may manifest as violence.
• 😀 Human aggressiveness, seen as natural by Hobbes, is a significant factor contributing to violent behavior.
• 😀 The individual factors theory suggests that violence can be triggered by certain individuals who instigate conflict, such as in student brawls.
• 😀 The group identity theory argues that violence often arises from group dynamics, where individuals may act violently to protect their group from perceived criticism or injustice.
• 😀 The relative deprivation theory highlights that perceived unfair treatment or frustration within a group can fuel violent actions.
• 😀 Smelser's theory of mass unrest outlines five stages of violence, beginning with a situation ripe for conflict and ending with social control through external intervention, such as police action.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of the lesson in the provided script?

The primary focus of the lesson is on violence, its causes, and theories related to it, with a particular emphasis on how social conflicts can lead to violence.

What does Thomas Hobbes suggest about violence in his theory?

Thomas Hobbes argues that violence is an inherent, natural behavior within humans. He believes that humans are naturally inclined to be violent towards each other, as outlined in his famous quote 'Homo homini lupus' (man is a wolf to man).

How does James Biru define violence in his theory?

James Biru defines violence as a primitive instinct within humans, rooted in the behaviors of ancient ancestors who relied on violence for survival.

What is Soerjono Soekanto's definition of violence?

Soerjono Soekanto defines violence as an act that involves the use of physical force, typically with coercion or compulsion involved.

What are the key factors that can lead to violence, according to the script?

The key factors that can lead to violence include breakdowns in communication or dialogue, the disparity between expectations and reality, and the inherent aggression in human nature.

How does the concept of 'relative deprivation' relate to violence?

Relative deprivation refers to the feeling of being unfairly treated or deprived of something, which can lead to frustration and resentment. These feelings, when experienced by groups or individuals, can trigger violence as a reaction to perceived injustice.

What is the theory of individual factors in violence?

The theory of individual factors suggests that violence can be triggered by specific individuals who act as instigators or provoke conflicts, leading to larger-scale violent events like brawls or riots.

According to the theory of group identity, why might violence arise within groups?

Violence can arise within groups due to a heightened sense of superiority or pride. When a group feels their identity is threatened or criticized, they may respond violently to defend their position or beliefs.

What are the five stages of mass unrest, according to NJ Smelser's theory?

The five stages of mass unrest, according to NJ Smelser, are: 1) A situation that allows violence to occur, 2) Growing frustration or social pressure, 3) Widespread resentment, 4) Mobilization of the masses to act, and 5) Social control measures to stop the violence.

What is the connection between failed dialogue and violence?

When dialogue or discussions between people or groups fail to resolve a conflict or reach a consensus, it can create a deadlock, leading to frustration and ultimately escalating into violent behavior.