How to Read a P&ID? (Piping & Instrumentation Diagram)

Summary

This video introduces the concept of Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs), explaining how engineers use these diagrams daily in various process environments such as oil refineries and chemical plants. It covers the symbols and codes used to represent equipment, valves, sensors, and control devices. The video highlights how to interpret P&IDs to understand device types, locations, and interconnections, emphasizing the importance of familiarizing oneself with standard symbols and identification codes. RealPars encourages viewers to explore more topics and resources on automation engineering through their website and app for further learning.

Takeaways

• 😀 P&IDs (Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams) are schematic representations used in process industries to display equipment, instrumentation, and control systems.
• 😀 P&IDs are essential in environments like oil refineries, chemical plants, and paper mills for visualizing process flow and control.
• 😀 The symbols in P&IDs represent various devices such as valves, sensors, actuators, and controllers.
• 😀 Each device in a P&ID is identified by a code, which includes a combination of letters and numbers to signify specific parameters and types of control devices.
• 😀 The first letter of an instrument code indicates the parameter being controlled or monitored (e.g., Flow, Temperature, Pressure).
• 😀 The second letter in the code defines the device type, such as a Transmitter (T), Valve (V), or Controller (C).
• 😀 The numerical portion of the code (e.g., TT01 for a temperature transmitter) helps differentiate multiple devices of the same type in the system.
• 😀 Symbols in P&IDs use circles and lines to represent devices and show their connections to the system.
• 😀 A solid line in the diagram indicates a physical pipework connection, while a dotted line represents an electrical connection.
• 😀 To interpret P&IDs effectively, one must become familiar with standard symbols and codes, and reference resources are available online for support.

Q & A

What is a P&ID and where is it commonly used?

A P&ID, or Piping and Instrumentation Diagram, is a schematic representation of pipelines, equipment, instrumentation, and control systems in process environments. It is commonly used in industries such as oil refineries, chemical plants, paper mills, and cement plants.

What kind of information can you find on a P&ID?

A P&ID contains information on process equipment, such as actuators, sensors, controllers, valves, instruments, and pipelines. It also includes details on vents, drains, sampling lines, flow directions, control IO, and interconnection references.

How are instruments and devices represented in a P&ID?

Instruments and devices are represented by symbols in a P&ID, with each symbol associated with a specific code. These symbols and codes indicate the device's function, location, and how it is connected to the rest of the system.

What does the first letter of an instrumentation code represent?

The first letter of an instrumentation code identifies the parameter being controlled or monitored, such as flow, temperature, level, or pressure.

What is the significance of the second letter in an instrumentation code?

The second letter in an instrumentation code indicates the type of control device being used, such as a transmitter, valve, or controller.

What does the number in an instrumentation code represent?

The number in an instrumentation code refers to the logical number of the device, such as '01', '02', etc. For example, 'TT01' might refer to the first temperature transmitter.

What does the symbol 'FV01' represent on a P&ID?

'FV01' on a P&ID represents a flow valve with the logical number '01'. The code indicates the type of device (Flow Valve) and its identification number.

How do you determine the physical location of an instrument on a P&ID?

The physical location of an instrument is indicated by the presence or absence of a line in its symbol. A solid line typically indicates a physical connection via pipework, while a dotted line usually indicates an electrical connection.

Why is it important to understand the connection symbols in a P&ID?

Understanding the connection symbols is important because they can give you an insight into the function of an instrument. For example, a solid line may indicate a process connection, while a dotted line may suggest an electrical control or communication.

What are the key takeaways from this video on reading P&IDs?

The key takeaways are that P&IDs use symbols and codes to represent instruments and devices in a process. By learning these symbols and codes, you can determine the type of device, its location, and how it is connected to the system. Familiarity with standard instrument symbols and identification codes is essential to read P&IDs effectively.