pak zul

Summary

The speaker discusses the political shift in Indonesia's governance, specifically focusing on the amendments to the 1945 Constitution. They argue that the amendments, driven by political, social, and economic upheaval in 1997-1998, have led to a more parliamentary system, shifting power from the executive to the legislature, which contradicts the original presidential system. The speaker critiques the amendments as a hasty reaction to the political changes of the era and emphasizes the need to revisit and restore the original, stronger presidential system outlined in the 1945 Constitution.

Takeaways

• 😀 The speaker mentions Pancasila and Garuda, which are symbols of Indonesia's national identity and values.
• 😀 The speaker acknowledges the impact of the 1945 Constitution amendments and discusses their liberal nature.
• 😀 A key point raised is that the political process has shifted from the executive to the legislative branch (DPR).
• 😀 The speaker criticizes the shift in the political process as contradicting the presidential system of governance in Indonesia.
• 😀 The speaker advocates for a strong presidential system, where political processes are controlled by the executive, particularly the president.
• 😀 The 1945 Constitution amendments are described as a reaction to the political, social, and economic turmoil of the late 1990s.
• 😀 The speaker notes the rapid changes in government during the reform era, driven by responses to the social upheaval.
• 😀 The amendments to the 1945 Constitution were seen as a reactionary response by the MPR (People's Consultative Assembly) during a time of crisis.
• 😀 The speaker reflects on a comment by former MPR Chairman Amir Rais, who admitted that the constitutional amendments were done in haste and naively.
• 😀 The speaker argues that the result of the amendments was a shift towards a more liberal and reactive political system, departing from the original 1945 Constitution.

Q & A

What is the main subject of the transcript?

The main subject of the transcript revolves around the political system in Indonesia, specifically the changes to the 1945 Constitution, the presidential system, and the impact of constitutional amendments.

What does the speaker think about the current political process after the constitutional amendments?

The speaker believes that the political process has shifted from the executive branch (the president) to the legislative branch (the DPR), which is contrary to the original presidential system intended by the 1945 Constitution.

How does the speaker describe the political system intended by the original 1945 Constitution?

The speaker describes the original 1945 Constitution as establishing a strong presidential system, where the executive branch (the president) holds significant power and the legislative branch (the DPR) plays a supporting role.

What is the speaker's opinion on the amendments made to the 1945 Constitution?

The speaker views the amendments as a reaction to the political, social, and economic turmoil of 1997-1998. They believe the amendments were hasty and naively driven by the desire for reform, which led to a shift in the balance of power toward the legislative branch.

How many times was the 1945 Constitution amended according to the speaker?

The speaker mentions that the 1945 Constitution was amended four times following the 1997-1998 political crisis.

What does the speaker mean by the term 'parlary, heavy' in the context of the transcript?

The speaker uses the term 'parlary, heavy' to describe the imbalance created by the amendments, where the legislative branch now holds too much power, undermining the intended balance between the executive and legislative branches.

What is the speaker’s critique of the 1945 Constitution amendments?

The speaker criticizes the amendments as being overly reactive and hasty, resulting from a short-term political crisis rather than a well-thought-out vision for Indonesia's political system.

How does the speaker refer to the role of the president in the original 1945 Constitution?

The speaker refers to the role of the president in the original 1945 Constitution as one of strong executive power, emphasizing that the president should hold authority over political processes, rather than the legislative branch.

Who is mentioned as a key figure in the reform era regarding the constitutional amendments?

Amir Rais, the chairman of the MPR during the reform era, is mentioned as a key figure. He later admitted that the decisions made during that time were 'naive.'

What does the speaker imply about the nature of the constitutional amendments?

The speaker implies that the constitutional amendments were not the result of a mature, long-term political strategy, but were instead reactionary measures driven by immediate political and social pressures from the late 1990s.