Materi Pembelajaran - Nilai & Norma Sosial

Summary

This video lesson explores the concepts of social values and norms. Social values are abstract ideas about what is considered good or bad, forming the foundation of social norms. The video explains three categories of values: material (e.g., food, clothing), vital (e.g., books, tools), and spiritual (e.g., truth, beauty, religious values). It also discusses the levels of norms, ranging from weak norms (usage) to strong norms (customs). The lesson categorizes norms into religious, moral, etiquette, habit, and legal norms, each with varying degrees of societal enforcement. Overall, the video highlights the importance of understanding values and norms for maintaining social order.

Takeaways

• 😀 Social values are abstract concepts in human life about what is considered good and bad, as defined by Soerjono Soekanto.
• 😀 Social norms are rules within a group or society that regulate behavior and help maintain social order.
• 😀 An example of a norm is the act of cheating, which is considered bad, leading to punishments for violators, such as students who cheat at school.
• 😀 There are three types of social values, as defined by Professor Doctor Notonegoro: material values, vital values, and spiritual values.
• 😀 Material values refer to physical objects useful to human life, such as water, food, and clothing, which can be measured quantitatively.
• 😀 Vital values include items essential for activities, like books or writing tools, helping people engage in specific tasks.
• 😀 Spiritual values focus on the inner well-being of humans, encompassing truth, beauty, morality, and religious beliefs.
• 😀 Dominant values are those regarded as more important than others, such as prioritizing studying over playing.
• 😀 Internalized values are those so ingrained in a person that they perform them automatically, without conscious thought.
• 😀 Norms in society can be classified into four levels based on their binding strength: customs, folkways, mores, and customs.
• 😀 Social norms are further divided into five categories: religious norms, moral norms, courtesy norms, habitual norms, and legal norms.

Q & A

What is social value according to the transcript?

Social value refers to the concepts of what is considered good or bad in society. It is an abstract conception within humans regarding these ideas, as defined by sociologist Soerjono Soekanto.

What is the role of norms in society?

Norms are rules in a society that regulate and control human behavior to maintain social order. They ensure that individuals behave in ways that are considered acceptable by the group.

Can you give an example of a norm from the script?

An example of a norm is the prohibition of cheating in school. If a student cheats, they may face penalties or sanctions based on the school's rules.

What are the three types of social values mentioned in the script?

The three types of social values are material values, vital values, and spiritual values.

What are material values according to the script?

Material values refer to things that are useful for human physical needs, such as food, water, clothing, and shelter. These values can be measured using physical units, like liters or kilograms.

What is the difference between vital values and spiritual values?

Vital values are things that help humans engage in activities, like books or writing tools. Spiritual values, on the other hand, serve the human soul and are classified into four categories: truth, beauty, goodness, and religious values.

What is a dominant value?

A dominant value is a value that an individual or group considers more important than other values. For example, if someone chooses to study instead of playing, learning becomes their dominant value.

What does 'mendarah daging' mean in terms of values?

'Mendarah daging' refers to values that become ingrained in a person's character and habits to the point where they are performed automatically, without conscious thought or deliberation.

How are norms classified according to the script?

Norms are classified into four levels: customs (usage), habits (folkways), behavior rules (mores), and traditions (customs). Each has a different level of binding force, from weak to very strong.

What are the different types of norms mentioned in the script?

The types of norms mentioned are religious norms, moral norms, politeness norms, habitual norms, and legal norms. Each of these types governs different aspects of social behavior, with varying degrees of enforcement.