Pengertian Psikologi perkembangan | BAB.1 KULIAH PSIKOLOGI PERKEMBANGAN | Abubakar Baraja Psikolog

Summary

This video script delves into the process of individual development, emphasizing both psychological and physiological growth. It explains how development occurs systematically, progressively, and continuously across various stages of life, from infancy through adulthood. The script highlights key principles such as age-appropriate growth, capacity-based development, and the importance of providing children with opportunities for exploration. The video stresses the significance of maturation in physical abilities (e.g., crawling to walking) and psychological traits (e.g., confidence and cognitive skills), outlining how proper support, without rushing, fosters healthy development.

Takeaways

• 😀 Development is a process of change that every individual undergoes, impacting both physical and psychological aspects.
• 😀 Development is systematic, meaning it progresses in a structured and sequential manner, where one stage leads to the next.
• 😀 A mature individual progresses through developmental stages without regressing; they continue to advance from one stage to the next.
• 😀 Development is progressive and permanent; once a stage is completed, it cannot be undone, but leads to further growth.
• 😀 Psychological development involves environmental influences, affecting mental and emotional growth, such as confidence and reasoning skills.
• 😀 Growth is both physical and mental, with physical changes like muscle maturation supporting activities and psychological changes shaping an individual’s mindset.
• 😀 The process of development is continuous and interconnected, with different developmental stages supporting each other (e.g., crawling before standing).
• 😀 Development must match the individual's age and capacity to prevent overburdening them. For example, a three-year-old child should not be forced to learn reading if their cognitive development isn’t ready.
• 😀 Development is shaped by the opportunities or chances given to an individual, and these opportunities allow for the expression and growth of new skills.
• 😀 Children must be allowed time and space to practice and express new skills on their own without feeling forced or hurried. This fosters healthy development.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of developmental psychology as described in the script?

Developmental psychology focuses on understanding the processes of individual growth and development, which includes both physiological and psychological changes experienced by an individual over time.

How is the process of development explained in the script?

The process of development is described as systematic, progressive, and continuous. It involves gradual changes that are orderly and interconnected, leading to increased maturity and growth over time.

What does the term 'maturation' mean in the context of the script?

'Maturation' refers to the process of an individual reaching certain developmental milestones, such as physical or psychological changes, that allow them to progress to the next stage of development.

What is the difference between physiological and psychological development?

Physiological development refers to changes in the physical body and brain, such as the growth of muscles or sensory abilities, while psychological development involves mental and emotional changes, including confidence, thinking, and feelings.

How does systematic development work in an individual’s growth?

Systematic development means that an individual progresses through stages in an organized manner, where each stage builds upon the previous one. For example, a child must first learn to crawl before they can walk.

What does the script say about the role of environment and society in psychological development?

The environment and society play a critical role in psychological development by providing the necessary stimulation and meeting an individual's developmental needs, thereby shaping their mental and emotional growth.

Why is it important for development to occur according to an individual’s age, capacity, and opportunities?

Development should align with an individual’s age, capacity, and opportunities to avoid excessive pressure or hindered growth. If developmental tasks are attempted too early or beyond one’s capacity, it can result in developmental delays or regressions.

What does 'progressive development' mean, and how does it manifest?

Progressive development refers to growth that advances towards higher levels of maturity without regression. It means that once a developmental milestone is achieved, an individual progresses to the next one without returning to previous stages.

What is the consequence if an individual fails to undergo proper development?

If an individual fails to undergo proper development, they may experience regression, where they fall back to earlier stages and have to repeat or reattempt the developmental tasks they missed.

How should caregivers support the development of children according to the script?

Caregivers should provide opportunities for children to explore, grow, and engage with developmental tasks at their own pace. This involves offering chances for learning and practice without forcing them to progress too quickly or too slowly.